Background and Aims:
A number of significant positive and negative signals emerged from
the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial with the use of canagliflozin. These signals are confusing.
A Likelihood of being Helped of Harmed (LHH) analysis was conducted to determine the risk,
benefit ratio associated with canagliflozin use and address the signals as a continuum.
Materials &Methods:
LHH was calculated from the number needed to treat (NNT) and number
needed to harm (NNH) available from the absolute risk reductions reported with the outcomes of interest,
in these two trials.
Results:
In the CANVAS Program, LHH for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) points at a
significant benefit with canagliflozin use in comparison to amputation (1.65), fractures (1.65) and
euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) (16.67) risks. Only genital fungal infections were significant
more in both sexes (0.21-M and 0.1-F) when LHH was matched against the positive outcomes. In
contrast, the hHF benefits were outweighed by amputation (0.95) and fracture risks (0.95).
:
In CREDENCE trial, the LHH for Primary composite, Renal composite and MACE, all supported the
benefits in comparison to any adverse events encountered in the trial.
:
The LHH from pooled data (CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial) was in favour of all the benefits
(hHF and renal composites) except for MACE matched against amputation (0.66).
Conclusion:
The outcome benefits were in favour of canagliflozin in comparison to all reported adverse
events, when hHF and renal composite were under consideration, in both the individual and pooled LHH
analysis. However, the MACE benefits were overwhelmed by amputation risk in the pooled analysis.
Dermatologic adverse events in pediatric patients receiving targeted anticancer therapies: A pooled analysis
