Morphogenesis of simple leaves: regulation of leaf size and shape

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro E. Rodriguez ◽  
Juan M. Debernardi ◽  
Javier F. Palatnik
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Size ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape

scholarly journals High-density QTL mapping of leaf-related traits and chlorophyll content in three soybean RIL populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiye Yu ◽  
Jinshe Wang ◽  
Chongyuan Sun ◽  
Xiaoqian Liu ◽  
Huanqing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape ◽  
Mapping Populations

Abstract Background Leaf size and shape, which affect light capture, and chlorophyll content are important factors affecting photosynthetic efficiency. Genetic variation of these components significantly affects yield potential and seed quality. Identification of the genetic basis for these traits and the relationship between them is of great practical significance for achieving ideal plant architecture and high photosynthetic efficiency for improved yield. Results Here, we undertook a large-scale linkage mapping study using three mapping populations to determine the genetic interplay between soybean leaf-related traits and chlorophyll content across two environments. Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between leaf size and shape, while both traits were positively correlated with chlorophyll content. This phenotypic relationship was verified across the three mapping populations as determined by principal component analysis, suggesting that these traits are under the control of complex and interrelated genetic components. The QTLs for leaf-related traits and chlorophyll are partly shared, which further supports the close genetic relationship between the two traits. The largest-effect major loci, q20, was stably identified across all population and environments and harbored the narrow leaflet gene Gm-JAG1 (Ln/ln), which is a key regulator of leaflet shape in soybean. Conclusion Our results uncover several major QTLs (q4–1, q4–2, q11, q13, q18 and q20) and its candidate genes specific or common to leaf-related traits and chlorophyll, and also show a complex epistatic interaction between the two traits. The SNP markers closely linked to these valuable QTLs could be used for molecular design breeding with improved plant architecture, photosynthetic capacity and even yield.

Leaf size and shape in theSphagnum recurvumcomplex: taxonomic significance and habitat variation

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigurd M. SÅ ◽  
Kjell I. Flatberg
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Size ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Habitat Variation ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape

scholarly journals Vein-to-blade ratio is an allometric indicator of climate-induced changes in grapevine leaf size and shape

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Chitwood ◽  
Joey Mullins ◽  
Zoë Migicovsky ◽  
Margaret Frank ◽  
Robert VanBuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Blade Area ◽  
Grapevine Leaves ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape ◽  
Induced Changes

ABSTRACTPremiseAs a leaf expands, its shape dynamically changes. Previously, we documented an allometric relationship between vein and blade area in grapevine leaves. Larger leaves have a smaller ratio of primary and secondary vein area relative to blade area compared to smaller leaves. We sought to use allometry as an indicator of leaf size to measure the environmental effects of climate on grapevine leaf morphology.MethodsWe measure the ratio of vein-to-blade area in 8,412 leaves from the same 208 vines across four growing seasons (2013, 2015, 2016, and 2017) using 21 homologous landmarks. Matching leaves by vine and node, we correlate size and shape of grapevine leaves with climate variables.Key resultsVein-to-blade ratio varies strongly between years in ways that blade or vein area do not. Maximum daily temperature and to a lesser degree precipitation are the most strongly correlated climate variables with vein-to-blade ratio, indicating that smaller leaves are associated with heat waves and drought. Leaf count and overall leaf area of shoots and the vineyard population studied also diminish with heat and drought. Grapevine leaf primordia initiate in buds the year prior to when they emerge, and we find that climate during the previous growing season exerts the largest statistical effects over these relationships.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate the profound effects of heat and drought on the vegetative morphology of grapevines and show that vein-to-blade ratio is a strong allometric indicator of the effects of climate on grapevine leaf morphology.

Correlation Between Sizes of Stomata and of Oil Glands in Two Related Eucalyptus Species

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Carr ◽  
SGM Carr
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Oil Glands ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape

A correlation is described between the sizes of the stomata (length, pole to pole) and diameter of the largest oil glands of two closely related species, previously thought conspecific, of a newly described group (series Lehmannianae) of eucalypts. The oil glands and stomata of E. lehmannii are larger than those of E. conferruminata. The correlation is independent of leaf size and shape. The size correlation has its roots in the fact that both stomata and the largest oil glands have their origin in single epidermal initials.

Tumor Incidence and Shoot Morphology Differences in Rooted Cuttings from Rhododendron With and Without “Tissue Proliferation”

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 478d-478
Author(s):  
Mark H. Brand ◽  
Richard Kiyomoto
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Tumor Incidence ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Shoot Morphology ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Tissue Proliferation ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape

Tissue proliferation (TP) occurs in Rhododendron and is characterized by basal tumors that often develop numerous dwarf shoots. Growers need to know if the TP condition will persist in plants grown from normal-appearing cuttings collected from plants with TP tumors. Cuttings of seven cultivars were collected from plants with TP [TP(+)] and without TP [TP(-)] and rooted. Plants were grown in containers outdoors for a minimum of 2 years. For all cultivars, plants grown from TP(+) cuttings had more leaves per growth flush than plants grown from TP(-) cuttings. Shoots of TP(+) plants were either similar in length to shoots of TP(-) plants, or were shorter, as was the case for `Boule de Neige', `Catawbiense Album', and `Montego'. `Montego' and `Scintillation' TP(+) leaves were shorter, narrower, had smaller leaf areas and larger length to width rations than leaves from TP(-) shoots. No difference in leaf size and shape were detected for other cultivars. TP tumors were not observed on any plants. Another study examined the effect of stock plant age from tissue culture on development of TP symptoms in rooted cuttings. `Montego' plants grown from cuttings collected from microplants, 3-year-old TP(+) plants, 6-year-old TP(+) plants and TP(-) plants were compared. Plants grown from 6-year-old TP(+) and TP(-) cuttings did not develop tumors. 83% of plants from microplant cuttings and 74% of plants from 3-year-old TP(+) cuttings formed tumors. Plants from microplant cuttings were more likely to develop large tumors that surround half or more of the stem than plants from 3-year-old TP(+) cuttings.

scholarly journals Correlations of climate and plant ecology to leaf size and shape: potential proxies for the fossil record

2005 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1141-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana L. Royer ◽  
Peter Wilf ◽  
David A. Janesko ◽  
Elizabeth A. Kowalski ◽  
David L. Dilcher
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Plant Ecology ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape

scholarly journals Sensitivity of leaf size and shape to climate: global patterns and paleoclimatic applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 724-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Peppe ◽  
Dana L. Royer ◽  
Bárbara Cariglino ◽  
Sofia Y. Oliver ◽  
Sharon Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Size ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Global Patterns ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape

scholarly journals The adaptive significance of leaf size and shape variation in Jamesbrittenia (Scrophulariaceae: Manuleae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
T.E. Moore ◽  
G.A. Verboom ◽  
M.D. Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Size ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape

scholarly journals Sources of variation in leaf shape among two populations of Achillea lanulosa.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Gurevitch
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Plastic Response ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Shape Characters ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape ◽  
Response To Temperature

Abstract Achillea lanulosa has complex, highly dissected leaves that vary in shape and size along an altitudinal gradient. Plants from a high and an intermediate altitude population were clonally replicated and grown in a controlled environment at warm and cool conditions under bright light. There were genetic differences among populations and among individuals within populations in leaf size and shape. Heritabilities for leaf size and shape characters were moderate. Leaves of the lower altitude population were larger and differed from the higher altitude plants in both coarse and fine shape. Plastic response to temperature of the growth environment paralleled the genetic differentiation between low and high altitude populations. There was no apparent trade-off between genetic control over morphology and the capacity for directional plastic response to the environment. Differences in leaf dissection and size at contrasting altitudes in this species are the result of both genetic divergence among populations and of acclimative responses to local environments.

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