TIPOLOGI GEOMETRI BANGUNAN MEUNASAH DI KECAMATAN INDRAJAYA KABUPATEN PIDIE, ACEH

The function of the meunasah in the social system of the Acehnese people is a place of worship, a center for religious and cultural education and is also a place to discuss social problems that occur in community life in the village. The search for characters is important to find typology of meuansah, so that the relationship between geometric typology and shape has a broad interpretation. The search for shape characters to find typology of meunasah in Indrajaya District, Pidie Regency, Aceh was carried out in 5 stages, (1) determine the location of the meunasah building sample points in 52 villages in Indrajaya District, (2) literature review, (3) collecting data on the object of research by measuring the meunasah building, (4) redrawing the meunasah measurements that have been carried out at the data collection stage using digital applications to produce data, namely the meunasah floor plans and facades in each village and the last stage is (5) analysis of determining the type with a geometric approach with architectural elements of the meunasah building facades, namely doors, columns, windows, walls, roofs, floors and terrace fences. The findings consist of 16 types of meunasah typology with similarity criteria of typology variable forms.Abstrak: Keberadaan bangunan meunasah dalam sistem sosial masyarakat Aceh berfungsi sebagai tempat ibadah, pusat Pendidikan kegamaan dan kebudayaan dan juga merupakan tempat untuk mendiskusikan berbagai permasalahan sosial yang terjadi dalam kehidupan masyarakat di gampong tersebut. Pencarian terhadap karakter menjadi penting untuk menemukan tipologi dari meunasah, sehingga katerkaitan tipologi geometri dengan bentuk memiliki intepretasi yang luas. Pencarian karakter bentuk untuk mememukan tipologi dari meunasah di Kecamatan Indrajaya Kabupaten Pidie, Aceh dilakukan melalui 5 tahap yaitu (1) menentukan lokasi titik sampel bangunan meunasah di 52 gampong di Kecamatan Indrajaya, (2) penguatan referensi, (3) pengumpulan data objek penelitian dengan cara pengukuran bangunan meunasah, (4) menggambar ulang pengukuran meunasah yang telah dilakukan pada tahap pengumpulan data menggunakan aplikasi digital untuk menghasilkan data yaitu gambar denah dan tampak meunasah di setiap gampong dan tahap yang terakhir adalah (5) analisis menentukan tipe dengan pendekatan geometri dengan variabel elemen arsitektural dari fasad bangunan meunasah antara lain pintu, kolom, jendela, dinding, atap, lantai dan pagar teras. Penemuan berupa 16 tipe dari tipologi meunasah dengan kriteria kesamaan dan kemiripan dari bentuk variabel tipologi.

Begonia ’Crested‘: A new variety of Begonia from interspecific hybridization of Begonia sudjanae C.A Janson × Begonia puspitae Ardi

Improvement of leaf shape characters in Begonia can be done through hybridization between two different species of Begonia. This study aims to produce a new variety of Begonia to better improve the quantitative, qualitative characters and increase its genetic diversity. The study was conducted in the green house of Bogor Botanic Gardens. Two native species of Indonesia, Begonia sudjanae C.A Janson as the female parent and Begonia puspitae Ardi as the male parent. The mature F1 seeds were sown and selections were made among the plants produced. Observation results the characteristics of the new variety Begonia Crested as follows: stem type rhizomatous, leaves simple, ovate, peltate with strongly undulate base. Leaves margin is crenate and apex is acuminate. Colour on the upper surface are yellow green group RHS Colour Chart: (YG 144 A) strong yellow green, colour of veins on upper side is (YG 144 D) light yellow green. Inflorescence peduncle with 20 cm long branched symmetrically. The name Begonia Crested as the selected F1 plants are propagated in a vegetative method with leaves cutting, registered on the Center of Plant Variety Protection (PPVTPP) by No. 846/PVHP/2020. This new variety is beautiful and exotic leaves ornamental Begonia which will be developed as commercials ornamental plants.

Assessment of morphological variation between stocks of bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix (Actinopterygii, Perciformes, Pomatomidae), in the Aegean Sea, Black Sea, and Sea of Marmara

The population structure of the bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766), in Turkish waters is scarcely described in the literature. To identify any distinct population units of bluefish, and reaffirm the findings of a previous study, four areas were selected: the Aegean Sea, western Black Sea, eastern Black Sea, and the Sea of Marmara. In this study, truss network morphometrics, meristics, and otolith shape analyses were successfully applied for different population identification of the bluefish. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed no differences for truss network morphometrics, meristic, and otolith shape characters between males and females. Hence, both sexes were combined for the discriminant function (DFA) and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Using univariate ANOVA based on the stepwise method revealed a highly significant difference among different locations for each truss-morphometrics and otolith shape characters. Furthermore, six out of seven meristic characters also showed significant differences between different areas. Based on PCA, 25 out of 27 truss-morphometric characters had a loading value above 0.70, which was considered significant in this study. The results of DFA show clear patterns of truss-morphometric character variations, forming four distinct clusters that were well separated from each other, indicating the existence of four morphologically differentiated populations of the bluefish. The proportion of the correctly classified Aegean Sea, western Black Sea, and eastern Black Sea bluefish samples to their original groups were 100%, demonstrating clear separation of these stocks from each other. Whereas up to 5% of the total samples of the Sea of Marmara were incorrectly classified, assigning to the eastern Black Sea. These findings were supported by meristic and otolith shape characters that also indicated four morphologically differentiated populations of the bluefish. However, their overall proportion of correct classification was relatively lower than the truss-morphometric traits method. The findings suggest the requirement of strategic assessment and management of each bluefish stock separately to use them sustainably in the future.

Shared variability in body shape characters at growing phase of indigenous piglets

Body measurement traits, body length (BL) , rump height (RH), rump length (RL), rump width (RW), shoulder width (SW), wither height (WH), heart girth (HG), and flank length (FL) of 52 piglets of indigenous breed, managed under traditional system were obtained at birth and at weaning, to evaluate the sources of shared variability and efficiency of weight determination. Factor analysis reveals four factors accounting for 89.53% at birth and three factors accounting for 73.52% at weaning. Most common variability in body dimension at birth and at weaning could be accounted for by factors representing general size and RL in both cases. Body conformation “shape” was controlled by common and unique factors at both ages. Amount of variation associated with shape characters increased with advancing age and accuracy of weight estimation decreased with increase in age.

NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL ADAT MINANGKABAU DALAM SILEK PAUH DI PERGURUAN SINGO BARANTAI LUBUK LINTAH KECAMATAN KURANJI PADANG

This study aims to reveal Minangkabau Custom Social Values in Silek Pauhat Perguruan Singo Barantai, Lubuk Lintah, Kuranji Padang. This is a qualitative research using descriptive analytical method. The main instrument used was the researcher itself and was assisted by supporting instruments such as writing instruments, cameras, and cellphones. The data used were primary and secondary data. The data were collected through literature study, observation, interview, and documentation. The data analysis was done byreducing the data, displaying the data, and making conclusion. Based on the results of this research, it is found that there are social values which can shape characters of the next generation, especially for sasian generation in Perguruan Singo Barantai. The Minangkabau social values found in Silek Pauh at Perguruan Singo Barantai, Lubuk Lintah, Kuranji, Padang, can be described as follows: 1) The social values of the step moves is a person can consider other people / be considerate of being Minangkabau people. 2) The social values of attack motion is a person has an accurate consideration in making decisions. 3) The social values of the lockdown moves is a person can adapt to any situation. 4) The social values of defend movesis a person has alertness and capabiltyin reading situations.Keywords: Social Values, Minangkabau Customs, Silek Pauh, Singo Barantai College

STUDY OF PROCESSING THE SHELLS AS EMBELLISHMENT MATERIAL WITH BEADING TECHNIQUES

There are 4 shell processing in the creative industry world is an innovation of surface embellishment design with the application of beading techniques. Utilization of each character shells good surface shape and color, further for processing shell clams that such kind of scallop and abalone, where both types of shells have significantly differenced and produce variations. This research methods using the comparative method by examining the results of exploration based on shell shape characters, modular composition, color characters and application techniques. The results of this study are information that these two types of shells are innovations of variations in material embellishment by means of processing, proper techniques and utilizing the character of each shell will provide more value as a surface design. It’s hoped to be beneficial to the creative industry worlds as a variety sustainable material.

Morphological variations of mangosteen fruits from Luzon and Mindanao Islands, the Philippines

Berame J, Lawsin N, Miguel F, Chavez J. 2020. Morphological variations of mangosteen fruits from Luzon and Mindanao Islands, the Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 3094-3100. Luzon and Mindanao islands in the Philippines are the important mangosteen producing provinces whose growing areas are scattered on these two islands. With this, mangosteen variability was detected based on field fruit collections in summer of 2019. The morphological variations of mangosteen fruits were observed and collected in Quezon Province in Luzon and Davao-Zamboanga Provinces in Mindanao based on the total number of 175 mangosteen trees. The main objectives of the research were to find out the morphological variations of mangosteen fruits and using Tomato Analyzer 4.0 to determine the morphological characters that can be used to differentiate mangosteen accessions in the Philippines. The variables include fruit shape index (external and internal), curve fruit shape index, asymmetry, internal eccentricity and weight of the ripe fruits. The results show that fruit characters like ellipsoidal, circular, rectangular, lobe shape, size, pericarp area, and pericarp thickness. are highly resemblance particularly in its fruit shape characters, and even sharing a similar taste of ripe fruits. Data revealed that Garcinia mangostana shared a similar character with Garcinia malaccensis even though they are from different geographical areas. Based on the morphological variations and characters, the two varieties of mangosteen fruits in the Philippines, G. mangostana and G. malaccensis, are so closely related that they could be combined together as one species as identified in the morphological analysis of this study.

Re-inscribing Budi in Contemporary 3D Malaysian Animation Characters in Geng; The Adventure Begins (2009) and BoBoiBoy: The Movie (2016)

The success of Malaysian 3D animation films, Geng; The Adventure Begins (2009) and BoBoiBoy: The Movie (2016) in attracting local reception is partly due to their portrayal of the diversity of Malaysian ethnicity, traditions and moral values which the local audience may find relatable. Although these films portray modernity, the values represented are based on the traditional Malay concept of Budi re-inscribed in the characters’ personalities. The concept of Budi in this paper employs the academic study of Lim Kim Hui (2003a) and it includes my attempt to argue that this traditional asset can be re-imagined in the contemporary digital form which can be analysed through the main characters’ personalities in the selected films. Personality is one of the key principles of animation introduced by Lasseter (1987) for the 3D animation format and with it, helps shape characters to be unique and recognizable as depicted in their behaviours, habits as well as interaction with other characters. In addition, I employ Smith’s “structure of sympathy” to explain the spectator’s engagement with the fictional personalities portrayed on screen. The concept of Budi re-inscribed in characters of contemporary 3D Malaysian animation films proves that traditional values are not lost in modern times. Animation films are mostly watched by younger audiences, therefore Budi as a traditional moral concept can be sustained and disseminated to the younger generation in digital form.

Comparative analysis of squamate brains unveils multi-level variation in cerebellar architecture associated with locomotor specialization

Ecomorphological studies evaluating the impact of environmental and biological factors on the brain have so far focused on morphology or size measurements, and the ecological relevance of potential multi-level variations in brain architecture remains unclear in vertebrates. Here, we exploit the extraordinary ecomorphological diversity of squamates to assess brain phenotypic diversification with respect to locomotor specialization, by integrating single-cell distribution and transcriptomic data along with geometric morphometric, phylogenetic, and volumetric analysis of high-definition 3D models. We reveal significant changes in cerebellar shape and size as well as alternative spatial layouts of cortical neurons and dynamic gene expression that all correlate with locomotor behaviours. These findings show that locomotor mode is a strong predictor of cerebellar structure and pattern, suggesting that major behavioural transitions in squamates are evolutionarily correlated with mosaic brain changes. Furthermore, our study amplifies the concept of ‘cerebrotype’, initially proposed for vertebrate brain proportions, towards additional shape characters.