The Proteoglycan Metabolism of Mature Bovine Articular Cartilage Explants Superimposed to Continuously Applied Cyclic Mechanical Loading

1997 ◽  
Vol 240 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Steinmeyer ◽  
Sabine Knue
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage

scholarly journals Intermittent Dynamic Compression Confers Anabolic Effects in Articular Cartilage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7469
Author(s):  
Amalie Engstrøm ◽  
Frederik S. Gillesberg ◽  
Solveig S. Groen ◽  
Peder Frederiksen ◽  
Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage ◽  
Collagen Formation

(1) Background: Mechanical loading is an essential part of the function and maintenance of the joint. Despite the importance of intermittent mechanical loading, this factor is rarely considered in preclinical models of cartilage, limiting their translatability. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intermittent dynamic compression on the extracellular matrix during long-term culture of bovine cartilage explants. (2) Methods: Bovine articular cartilage explants were cultured for 21 days and subjected to 20 min of 1 Hz cyclic compressive loading five consecutive days each week. Cartilage remodeling was investigated in the presence of IGF-1 or TGF-β1, as well as a TGF-β receptor 1 (ALK5) kinase inhibitor and assessed with biomarkers for type II collagen formation (PRO-C2) and fibronectin degradation (FBN-C). (3) Results: Compression of cartilage explants increased the release of PRO-C2 and FBN-C to the conditioned media and, furthermore, IGF-1 and compression synergistically increased PRO-C2 release. Inhibition of ALK5 blocked PRO-C2 and FBN-C release in dynamically compressed explants. (4) Conclusions: Dynamic compression of cartilage explants increases both type II collagen formation and fibronectin degradation, and IGF-1 interacts synergistically with compression, increasing the overall impact on cartilage formation. These data show that mechanical loading is important to consider in translational cartilage models.

Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Proteoglycan Metabolism of Bovine Articular Cartilage Explants

2003 ◽  
Vol 44 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica De Mattei ◽  
Michela Pasello ◽  
Agnese Pellati ◽  
Giordano Stabellini ◽  
Leo Massari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage

Identification of Distinct Metabolic Pools of Aggrecan and Their Relationship to Type VI Collagen in the Chondrons of Mature Bovine Articular Cartilage Explants

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 277-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin m. Winter ◽  
C. Anthony Poole ◽  
Mirna Z. Ilic ◽  
Jacqueline M. Ross ◽  
H. Clem Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Type Vi Collagen ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage

MUSCLE-INDUCED PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT LOADING RAPIDLY AFFECTS CARTILAGE mRNA LEVELS IN A SITE SPECIFIC MANNER

2004 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Clark ◽  
Linda Mills ◽  
David A Hart ◽  
Walter Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Patellofemoral Joint ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Biological Responses

Mechanical loading of articular cartilage affects the synthesis and degradation of matrix macromolecules. Much of the work in this area has involved mechanical loading of articular cartilage explants or cells in vitro and assessing biological responses at the mRNA and protein levels. In this study, we developed a new experimental technique to load an intact patellofemoral joint in vivo using muscle stimulation. The articular cartilages were cyclically loaded for one hour in a repeatable and measurable manner. Cartilage was harvested from central and peripheral regions of the femoral groove and patella, either immediately after loading or after a three hour recovery period. Total RNA was isolated from the articular cartilage and biological responses were assessed on the mRNA level using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Articular cartilage from intact patellofemoral joints demonstrated heterogeneity at the mRNA level for six of the genes assessed independent of the loading protocol. Cyclical loading of cartilage in its native environment led to alterations in mRNA levels for a subset of molecules when assessed immediately after the loading period. However, the increases in TIMP-1 and decreases in bFGF mRNA levels were transient; being present immediately after load application but not after a three hour recovery period.

Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Proteoglycan Metabolism of Bovine Articular Cartilage Explants

2003 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica De Mattei ◽  
Michela Pasello ◽  
Agnese Pellati ◽  
Giordano Stabellini ◽  
Leo Massari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage

Friction and Wear of Hemiarthroplasty Biomaterials in Reciprocating Sliding Contact With Articular Cartilage

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. T. Chan ◽  
C. P. Neu ◽  
K. Komvopoulos ◽  
A. H. Reddi ◽  
P. E. Di Cesare
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Protein Loss ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Reciprocating Sliding ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage ◽  
Nanoscale Friction

Friction and wear of four common orthopaedic biomaterials, alumina (Al2O3), cobalt-chromium (CoCr), stainless steel (SS), and crosslinked ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), sliding against bovine articular cartilage explants were investigated by reciprocating sliding, nanoscale friction and roughness measurements, protein wear assays, and histology. Under the experimental conditions of the present study, CoCr yielded the largest increase in cartilage friction coefficient, largest amount of protein loss, and greatest change in nanoscale friction after sliding against cartilage. UHMWPE showed the lowest cartilage friction coefficient, least amount of protein loss, and insignificant changes in nanoscale friction after sliding. Although the results are specific to the testing protocol and surface roughness of the examined biomaterials, they indicate that CoCr tends to accelerate wear of cartilage, whereas the UHMWPE shows the best performance against cartilage. This study also shows that the surface characteristics of all biomaterials must be further improved to achieve the low friction coefficient of the cartilage/cartilage interface.

scholarly journals Latrunculin and Cytochalasin Decrease Chondrocyte Matrix Retention

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1313-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada A. Nofal ◽  
Cheryl B. Knudson
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Pericellular Matrix ◽  
Matrix Assembly ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Cd44 Expression ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cytoskeletal Disruption

The proteoglycan-rich extracellular matrix (ECM) directly associated with the cells of articular cartilage is anchored to the chondrocyte plasma membrane via interaction with the hyaluronan receptor CD44. The cytoplasmic tail of CD44 interacts with the cortical cytoskeleton. The objective of this study was to determine the role of the actin cytoskeleton in CD44-mediated matrix assembly by chondrocytes and cartilage matrix retention and homeostasis. Adult bovine articular cartilage tissue slices and isolated chondrocytes were treated with latrunculin or cytochalasin. Tissues were processed for histology and chondrocytes were examined for CD44 expression and pericellular matrix assembly. Treatments that disrupt the actin cytoskeleton reduced chondrocyte pericellular matrix assembly and the retention of proteoglycan within cartilage explants. There was enhanced detection of a neoepitope resulting from proteolysis of aggrecan. Cytoskeletal disruption did not reduce CD44 expression, as monitored by flow cytometry, but detergent extraction of CD44 was enhanced and hyaluronan binding was decreased. Thus, disruption of the cytoskeleton reduces the anchorage of CD44 in the chondrocyte membrane and the capacity of CD44 to bind its ligand. The results suggest that cytoskeletal disruption within cartilage uncouples chondrocytes from the matrix, resulting in altered metabolism and deleterious changes in matrix structure.

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