Validation and Use of a Computer Model of the Solar Radiation Regime in Open-top Chambers

This paper presents the results of a parametric study into the thermal loading of concrete bridges by solar radiation. All results were obtained using a computer model calibrated from field measurements. The model computes the loading parameters from the bridge characteristics and the standard daily records of the weather bureau. The design method given uses an effective thickness concept to find the effects of a wearing course on the temperature profile of the underlying bridge. Thermal loading depends on climate and is extremely variable. Histograms are presented, which show the frequency distributions of the loading parameters for sample bridges at three Australian sites covering a range of climatic regimes from tropical to temperate. Key words: bridges, concrete, loads, temperature, solar radiation, structural engineering, design chart.

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Effects of ice cover on the solar radiation regime in Canadian lakes

SIL Proceedings 1922-2010 ◽

10.1080/03680770.1977.11896498 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 141-149

Author(s):

W. A. Adams

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Ice Cover ◽

Radiation Regime

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Changes in the radiation regime and photosynthesis in the crown of an apple tree when pruning for perennial wood

Horticulture and viticulture ◽

10.31676/0235-2591-2020-5-32-36 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 32-36

Author(s):

A. G. Gurin ◽

S. V. Rezvyakova ◽

N. Yu. Revin

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Apple Tree ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Test Plot ◽

Net Productivity ◽

Radiation Regime ◽

Southern Side ◽

Growth Activity ◽

Considerable Impact ◽

Control Variant

The article presents data on the study of the radiation regime and photosynthesis net productivity in the crown of an apple tree in connection with the regenerative pruning of old-aged trees. The object of the research was an apple tree of the Antonovka obyknovennaya variety, a seed stock (seedlings of cultivated varieties), planted in 1987. The test plot soil is leached chernozem. Options: 1. Established pruning (control); 2. Pruning for 5-6 year-old wood; 3. Pruning for 7-8 year-old wood. The experiment was arranged inrandomized blocks of 6 accounting trees in 3 replicates. The regenerative pruning was carried out in spring 2016. Every year damaged branches were removed in the control variant, while “wolf-like” shoots were thinned in other variants. The solar output was accounted within the daytime with the 2-hour interval from the northern and southern sides of the apple tree crown in its center, as well as under the crown at a distance of 1, 2 and 3 meters from the periphery to the center of the crown. The measurements were carried out after the growth activity cessation in the fine weather in August with a universal albedometer M-69 coming with a galvanometer GSA-1. The net productivity of leaves was determined by the method of A. S. Ovsyannikov in parallel, taking into account solar radiation. It is revealed that the regenerative pruning has a considerable impact on the performance of the solar output. The greatest arrival of solar radiation is noted on the periphery of the crown. In the treatment with pruning branches for 5-6 year-old wood, this parameter was 10.5-13.5 % higher than in the control variant. Pruning branches for 7-8 year-old wood improved lighting conditions by 27.6-31.7 % compared to the control. In the lower part of the crown, the radiation regime is less favorable for the photosynthesis process relative to the central part of the crown. Regenerative pruning increased the photosynthesis productivity significantly. In the central part of the crown, the highest parameters of the net photosynthesis productivity were observed on the periphery on the southern side when pruning for 7-8 year-old wood - 7.81 g of dry basis/m2 *day.

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Potential and Use of Solar Energy in Primorye Region (Russia)

Solar Energy ◽

10.1115/isec2004-65058 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Oleg P. Kovalev ◽

Alexandr V. Volkov

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Hot Water ◽

Solar Collectors ◽

Heating Systems ◽

Primorye Region ◽

Solar Radiation Flux ◽

Radiation Regime ◽

The Given

During long-term time, the laboratory of non-traditional energetic is been busy with development and introduction of solar water heating systems for hot water supply. The systems with solar collectors of 40 m2 area have been developed and introducted. For estimation of their efficiency we should know flux density of solar radiation, proceeding to surface at the given place. However in Primorye Region at actinometrical watching only four meteostations in the Southern part are carrying out straight measurements of solar radiation flux, and the others record data which concern only solar radiation regime (the amount of solar radiation hours, relation of watching duration of solar radiation to possible duration, the amount of days without sun, etc.). We suggested the expression, which according to know data of solar radiation and cloudiness, recorded practically on all meteorological stations gives possibility to calculate for Primorye Region month sums of total radiation proceeding to horizontal surface. The comparison of estimated values with measured ones gives the error to 3...9% with regard to average many years values, and are in the range of variability of measured values for separate years. In Primorye Region more than 250 m2 of solar collectors were installed; and among them 150 m2 were developed with the laboratory, to position on 2003.11.01. NOTE: This paper was presented at the 2004 International Solar Energy Conference and was inadvertently omitted from the 2004 ASME proceedings. The page range refers to the 2005 International Solar Energy Conference Print Proceedings, where it was subsequently published.

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Development of a Computer Model for Solar Simulation and Shaded Fenestration Design

Solar Engineering 2001: (FORUM 2001: Solar Energy — The Power to Choose) ◽

10.1115/sed2001-127 ◽

2001 ◽

Author(s):

John Kie-Whan Oh ◽

Jeffrey S. Haberl ◽

Larry O. Degelman

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Computer Model ◽

Thermal Performance ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Design System ◽

The Sun ◽

Physical Test ◽

Shading Device ◽

Solar Simulation

Abstract The goal of this study was to develop a computer model for solar radiation calculation and display and a shaded fenestration design system that can be used by architectural and engineering designers. This computerized model calculates the amount of insolation and transmitted solar radiation through a shaded window as well as the heat transfer through it. The computer model, called Shaded Fenestration Design (SFD), contains various functions relating to solar simulation such as: display of the sunpath diagrams and the accompanying shading mask protractor, display of the hourly intensity of solar radiation onto the path of the sun for horizontal and vertical surfaces at varying off-south azimuths, and simulating the thermal performance of a shaded fenestration. The model also provides graphical aids for energy-efficient shading device design with use of various kinds of sunpath diagrams and solar radiation diagrams. The model performs solar radiation simulation using the methods developed in the ASHRAE Handbook, Duffie and Beckman, and Kreider and Rabl. An anisotrophic sky model was applied for the calculation of solar radiation on a titled surface and the transmitted solar radiation through a single-glazed window. A part of the model was validated experimentally using a physical test box and was also compared to simulated results from the DOE-2 program; however, the validation is not included in this paper.

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