A Preliminary Reconstruction of Rainfall in North-Central China since A.D. 1600 from Tree-Ring Density and Width

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm K. Hughes ◽  
Wu Xiangding ◽  
Shao Xuemei ◽  
Gregg M. Garfin
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Singular Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Central China ◽  
North Central ◽  
Ring Density ◽  
Maximum Latewood Density ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Latewood Density

AbstractMay-June (MJ) and April-July (AJ) precipitation at Huashan in north-central China has been reconstructed for the period A.D. 1600 to 1988 using tree-ring density and width fromPinus armandii. MJ precipitation (based on ring width and maximum latewood density) calibrated and cross-validated against local instrumental data more strongly than AJ precipitation (based only on ring width). A major drought was reconstructed for the mid- and late 1920s, confirmed by local documentary sources. This drought (culminating in 1929) was the most severe of the 389-yr period for MJ and second most severe for AJ, after an event ending in 1683. Neither reconstruction shows much spectral power at frequencies lower than 1 in 10 yr, but both show concentrations of power between 2.1 and 2.7 yr and 3.5 to 9 yr. There are significant correlations between the two reconstructions and a regional dryness/wetness index (DW) based on documentary sources, particularly at high frequencies. These correlations are focused in the 7.6- to 7.3-, 3.8- to 3.6-, and 2.5-yr periods. Using singular spectrum analysis, quasiperiodic behavior with a period close to 7.2 yr was identified in the MJ precipitation reconstruction and in the DW index based on documents.

Separating the climatic signal from tree-ring width and maximum latewood density records

Trees ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Kirdyanov ◽  
Eugene A. Vaganov ◽  
Malcolm K. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Maximum Latewood Density ◽  
Climatic Signal ◽  
Latewood Density

Comparison between Blue Intensity (BI) and Maximum Latewood Density (MXD) tree-ring chronologies from the North American Boreal forests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laia Andreu-Hayles ◽  
Rosanne D'Arrigo ◽  
Rose Oelkers ◽  
Kevin Anchukaitis ◽  
Greg Wiles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
North America ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Maximum Latewood Density ◽  
Latewood Density ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Blue Intensity

<p>Tree ring-width (TRW) and Maximum Latewood Density (MXD) series have been largely used to develop high-resolution temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere. The divergence phenomenon, a weakening of the positive relationship between TRW and summer temperatures, has been observed particularly in northwestern North America chronologies. In contrast, MXD datasets have shown a more stable relationship with summer temperatures, but it is costly and labor-intensive to produce. Recently, methodological advances in image analyses have led to development of a less expensive and labor-intensive MXD proxy known as Blue Intensity (BI). Here, we compare 6 newly developed BI tree-ring chronologies of white spruce (<em>Picea glauca</em> [Moench] Voss) from high-latitude boreal forests in North America (Alaska in USA; Yukon and the Northwestern Territory in Canada), with MXD chronologies developed at the same sites. We assessed the quality of BI in relation to MXD based on mean correlation between trees, chronology reliability based on the Expressed Population Signal (EPS), spectral properties, and the strength and spatial extent of the temperature signal. Individual BI chronologies established significant correlations with summer temperatures showing a similar strength and spatial cover than MXD chronologies. Overall, the BI tree-ring data is emerging as a valuable proxy for generating high-resolution temperature spatial reconstructions over northwestern America.</p>

VARIATION OF RADIAL GROWTH PATTERNS IN TREES ALONG THREE ALTITUDINAL TRANSECTS IN NORTH CENTRAL CHINA

IAWA Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyan Fang ◽  
Xiaohua Gou ◽  
Delphis F. Levia ◽  
Jinbao Li ◽  
Fen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Central China ◽  
Altitudinal Gradients ◽  
North Central ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

Fourteen tree-ring width chronologies were developed along three altitudinal gradients for three mountain ranges in arid north central China. The chronology statistics, combined with results of a rotated principle component analysis (RPCA), suggest that physiological gradients play a more important role in determining tree-growth patterns than altitudinal gradients. As indicated by climate-growth relationships, temperature is mainly related to the low-frequency tree-ring variability, while precipitation is more influential on the high-frequency tree-ring variability. At the low-frequency band, chronologies across species from lower and upper forest limits were generally well correlated, except at the upper site of the Xinglong Mountain. It is plausible that similar temperature-shaped climate-growth relationships in the low-frequency domain may lead to similar growth patterns at this frequency band. Regarding the differing results for the Xinglong Mountain, our interpretation is that the changed growth patterns resulted from the varying climate-growth correlation patterns along the larger altitudinal gradients. The temperature and precipitation limitations for tree growth decrease along the increasing altitudinal gradients.

Blue Intensity for dendroclimatology: The BC blues: A case study from British Columbia, Canada

The Holocene ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1428-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Wilson ◽  
Rohit Rao ◽  
Miloš Rydval ◽  
Cheryl Wood ◽  
Lars-Åke Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Frequency Information ◽  
Maximum Latewood Density ◽  
Latewood Density ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Blue Intensity

Maximum latewood density (MXD) is a strong proxy of summer temperatures. Despite this, there is a paucity of long MXD chronologies in the Northern Hemisphere, which limits large-scale tree-ring-based reconstructions of past temperature which are dominated by ring-width (RW) data – a weaker temperature proxy at inter-annual time-scales. This paucity likely results from the relative expense of measuring MXD and the lack of laboratories with the facilities to measure it. Herein, we test the ability of a relatively new, less expensive, tree-ring parameter, Blue Intensity (BI), to act as a surrogate parameter for MXD. BI was measured on Engelmann spruce samples from British Columbia where MXD had previously been measured to allow direct comparison between the two parameters. Signal strength analyses indicate that 8 MXD series were needed to acquire a robust mean chronology while BI needed 14. Utilising different detrending methods and parameter choices (RW + MXD vs RW + BI), a suite of reconstruction variants was developed. The explained variance from the regression modelling (1901–1995) of May–August maximum temperatures ranged from 52% to 55%. Validation tests over the earlier 1870–1900 period could not statistically distinguish between the different variants, although spectral analysis identified more lower frequency information extant in the MXD-based reconstructions – although this result was sensitive to the detrending method used. Ultimately, despite the MXD-based reconstruction explaining slightly more of the climatic variance, statistically robust reconstructions of past summer temperatures were also derived using BI. These results suggest that there is great potential in utilising BI for dendroclimatology in place of MXD data. However, more experimentation is needed to understand (1) how well BI can capture centennial and lower frequency information and (2) what biases may result from wood discolouration, either from species showing a distinct heartwood/sapwood boundary or from partly decayed sub-fossil samples.

Maximum latewood density records of Great Basin Bristlecone pine (Pinus Longaeva) from the White Mountains, California

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom De Mil ◽  
Matthew Salzer ◽  
Charlotte Pearson ◽  
Valerie Trouet ◽  
Jan Van den Bulcke
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Temperature Record ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Maximum Latewood Density ◽  
Latewood Density ◽  
Pinus Longaeva ◽  
Bristlecone Pine ◽  
Temperature Signal

<p>Great Basin Bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva) is known for its longevity. The longest continuous tree-ring width chronology covers more than 9000 years. Tree-ring width of upper treeline bristlecone pine trees is influenced by summer temperature variability at decadal to centennial scales, but to infer a temperature signal on interannual scales, Maximum Latewood Density (MXD) is a better proxy. Here, we present a preliminary MXD chronology to investigate the temperature signal in upper treeline and lower elevation bristlecone pines. MXD was measured with an X-ray Computed Tomography toolchain in 24 dated cores,  with the oldest sample dating back to 776 CE. Ring and fibre angles were corrected and two MXD chronologies for different elevations were developed, which will be used to study climate-growth relationships and the effect of elevation on them. Future scanning will allow constructing a 5000+ year-long MXD chronology from upper treeline sites, which will provide an annual-resolution North American temperature record covering the mid-to-late Holocene.</p>

Tree-ring width and maximum latewood density at the North American tree line: parameters of climatic change

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1290-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanne D. D'Arrigo ◽  
Gordon C. Jacoby ◽  
Rosemary M. Free
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
North American ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Positive Temperature ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Maximum Latewood Density ◽  
Latewood Density ◽  
Instrumental Records

In remote subarctic North America, instrumental records are very short and sparsely distributed. Yet a long-term understanding of subarctic climate is critical to studies of global change. Annual tree-ring width and maximum latewood density are complementary, high-resolution parameters with different environmental and physiological controls that can be used to assess recent centuries of climatic change. In this paper we present a comparison of the different temperature information inferred from these parameters for white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss), a dominant North American latitudinal tree line species. Ring-width and maximum latewood density chronologies (with a common period from 1720–1977) are shown for five sites along a widely spaced transect of the forest–tundra transition in northern Canada. The positive temperature response of maximum latewood density to year to year local temperatures is more consistent and covers a longer portion of the growing season than does that of ring width. Unlike density, the ring-width data show a preference for cold spring conditions. Some, but not all, of the ring-width and density series display increases during the recent century's large-scale climatic warming trend. It is concluded that both types of parameters are necessary for understanding changes in climate and forest dynamics at the northern tree line.

scholarly journals Detection and removal of disturbance trends in tree-ring series for dendroclimatology

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Rydval ◽  
Daniel Druckenbrod ◽  
Kevin J. Anchukaitis ◽  
Rob Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Maximum Latewood Density ◽  
Latewood Density

Nonclimatic disturbance events are an integral element in the history of forests. Although the identification of the occurrence and duration of such events may help to understand environmental history and landscape change, from a dendroclimatic perspective, disturbance can obscure the climate signal in tree rings. However, existing detrending methods are unable to remove disturbance trends without affecting the retention of long-term climate trends. Here, we address this issue by using a novel method for the detection and removal of disturbance events in tree-ring width data to assess their spatiotemporal occurrence in a network of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees from Scotland. Disturbance trends “superimposed” on the tree-ring record are removed before detrending and the climate signals in the precorrection and postcorrection chronologies are evaluated using regional climate data, proxy system model simulations, and maximum latewood density (MXD) data. Analysis of subregional chronologies from the West Highlands and the Cairngorms in the east reveals a higher intensity and more systematic disturbance history in the western subregion, likely a result of extensive timber exploitation. The method improves the climate signal in the two subregional chronologies, particularly in the more disturbed western sites. Our application of this method demonstrates that it is possible to minimise the effects of disturbance in tree-ring width chronologies to enhance the climate signal.

scholarly journals Eco-Physiological Response of Conifers from High-Latitude and -Altitude Eurasian Regions to Stratospheric Volcanic Eruptions

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-24
Author(s):  
Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova) ◽  
Marina V. Fonti ◽  
Alexander V. Kirdyanov ◽  
Vladimir S. Myglan ◽  
Valentin V. Barinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Maximum Latewood Density ◽  
Latewood Density ◽  
Temperature Signal

Stratospheric volcanic eruptions have had significant impacts on the radiation budget, atmospheric and surface temperatures, precipitation and regional weather patterns, resulting in global climatic changes. The changes associated with such eruptions most commonly result in cooling during several years after events. This study aimed to reveal eco-physiological response of larch trees from northeastern Yakutia (YAK), eastern Taimyr (TAY) and Altai (ALT) regions to climatic anomalies after major volcanic eruptions CE 535, 540, 1257, 1641, 1815 and 1991 using new multiple tree-ring parameters: tree-ring width (TRW), maximum latewood density (MXD), cell wall thicknesses (CWT), δ13C and δ18O in tree-ring cellulose. This investigation showed that TRW, CWT, MXD and δ18O chronologies recorded temperature signal, while information about precipitation and vapor pressure deficit was captured by δ13C chronologies. Sunshine duration was well recorded in δ18O from YAK and ALT. Tree-ring parameters recorded cold, wet and cloudy summer anomalies during the 6th and 13th centuries. However, significant summer anomalies after Tambora (1815) and Pinatubo (1991) eruptions were not captured by any tree-ring parameters

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