Simplified Prediction of Ply Steer in Radial Tires

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Bert
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Slip Angle ◽  
Uniform Stress ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Laminate Theory ◽  
Contact Models ◽  
Uniform Stress State

Abstract Ply steer is a rolling contact phenomenon which manifests itself as a lateral force acting at the ground plane of a tire constrained in yaw or a change in slip angle of a tire free to yaw. It has long been known that radial tires generally exhibit greater ply steer than do bias tires. However, the only previously published quantitative analysis of this phenomenon considered the multi-layer cord-rubber composite by means of netting analysis, which is not very accurate at cord angles typical of radial tire belts. A simple, explicit expression is developed herein by combining modern composite laminate theory with two very simple, uniform-stress-state tire-road contact models. The ply-steer results predicted by the resulting expressions are compared with some experimental results and the agreement is found to be reasonably satisfactory.

Analytical and experimental investigation of tensile properties of cross-ply and angle-ply GFRP composite laminates

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostefa Bourchak ◽  
Wail Harasani
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Gfrp Composite ◽  
Laminate Theory ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Ultimate Failure

AbstractThe static tensile properties in the form of ultimate failure stress, ultimate failure strain and Young’s modulus of a cross-ply glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite laminate [904, 04]s and an unconventional angle-ply GFRP composite laminate [+67.54, -67.54]s were investigated using the netting analysis, the laminate mixture rule (Hart-Smith 10% rule) and the classical laminate theory (CLT). The findings were then compared to experimental results to determine the accuracy of each analytical technique. It was found that the netting analysis was the best overall method for estimating the cross-ply laminate tensile properties, whereas neither the CLT nor the 10% rule were appropriate for estimating the tensile properties of the unconventional ply angle laminate.

scholarly journals Peridynamic Open-Hole Tensile Strength Prediction of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Laminate Using Energy-Based Failure Criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xiao-Wei Jiang ◽  
Hai Wang ◽  
Shijun Guo
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
Strength Prediction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Laminate Theory

In the present study, peridynamic (PD) open-hole tensile (OHT) strength prediction of fiber-reinforced composite laminate using energy-based failure criteria is conducted. Spherical-horizon peridynamic laminate theory (PDLT) model is used. Energy-based failure criteria are introduced into the model. Delamination fracture modes can be distinguished in the present energy-based failure criteria. Three OHT testing results of fiber-reinforced composite laminate are chosen from literatures and used as benchmarks to validate the present PD composite model with energy-based failure criteria. It is shown that the PD predicted OHT strength fits the experimental results quite well. From the predicted displacement field, the fracture surface can be clearly detected. Typical damage modes of composite, fiber breakage, matrix crack, and delamination, are also illustrated in detail for each specimen. Numerical results in the present study validate the accuracy and reliability of the present PD composite model with energy-based failure criteria.

scholarly journals Distributed internal strain measurement of the fluid-solid state coefficients of thermal expansion below the glass transition temperature during a composite manufacturing process

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 3053-3084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Poggetti ◽  
Jack Dyson ◽  
Daniel Martínez Sánchez ◽  
Gianni Albertini ◽  
Constantinos Soutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Glass Transition Point ◽  
Gel Point ◽  
Laminate Theory

The total distributed strain produced during a vacuum-assisted resin infusion moulding composite manufacture process is measured in real time by using optical fibre sensors embedded in three different layers of a thin 5-harness satin weave flat plate cured with low-viscosity epoxy resin/cycloaliphatic polyamine epoxy resin polymer matrix. We present and discuss the chemical reaction of the epoxy resin polymer matrix adhesive to show that under manufacturing conditions, well below the glass transition point, substrates gradually come into contact with and become covered with epoxy resin polymer matrix strongly bonded to their surfaces. The fluid dynamics of the reaction system under such conditions reduces to a Cauchy equilibrium found in stressed solids, which leads to a strength of materials argument to show that the embedded, distributed optical fibres can accurately measure the motion of the surrounding epoxy resin polymer matrix before the gel point. The same argument is applied to the embedded 5-harness satin carbon fibre weave and leads immediately to an extension of the composite laminate theory for the thermodynamic liquid phase before the glass transition temperature. The predictions of the modified composite laminate theory framework are found to be consistent with experiment.

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