The Export of Iron and Other Trace Metals from Hydrothermal Vents and the Impact on Their Marine Biogeochemical Cycle

AbstractThe potential of a mass asteroid impact on Earth to disturb the chemosynthetic communities at global scale is discussed. Special emphasis is made on the potential influence on anammox communities and their implications in the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle. According to our preliminary estimates, anammox communities could be seriously affected as a consequence of global cooling and the large process of acidification usually associated with the occurrence of this kind of event. The scale of affectations could vary in a scenario like the Chicxulub as a function of the amount of soot, depth of the water column and the deposition rate for sulphates assumed in each case. The most severe affectations take place where the amount of soot and sulphates produced during the event is higher and the scale of time of settlements for sulphates is short, of the order of 10 h. In this extreme case, the activity of anammox is considerably reduced, a condition that may persist for several years after the impact. Furthermore, the impact of high levels of other chemical compounds like sulphates and nitrates associated with the occurrence of this kind of event are also discussed.

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Considerations for determining ‘optimal nutrition’ for copper, zinc, manganese and molybdenum

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665199000646 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 497-505 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Mark L. Failla

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Functional Markers ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Normal Range ◽

Copper Zinc ◽

Daily Intakes ◽

Zn Status ◽

The Impact ◽

Cu And Zn

Defining optimal dietary intakes of Cu and Zn throughout the life cycle continues to present a considerable challenge for nutrition scientists. Although the daily intake of these micronutrients is below that currently recommended for many groups, traditional biochemical indicators of nutritional status for these trace metals largely remain within the normal range. Thus, it is unclear whether the recommended daily intakes may be unnecessarily high, or if the commonly-used markers simply lack the necessary sensitivity and specificity that are required for accurately assessing Cu and Zn status. The increasing number of reports that daily supplements with these trace metals enhance the activities of selective metalloenzymes and specific cellular and organ processes further points out the need to differentiate between meeting the requirement and providing optimal nutriture. Results from recent studies suggesting that alternative molecular and functional markers possess sufficient sensitivity to better assess Cu and Zn status are discussed. Likewise, recent studies evaluating the impact of very low and excessive levels of dietary Mn and Mo on selective biochemical and metabolic indicators are reviewed.

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Nutritional immunity: the impact of metals on lung immune cells and the airway microbiome during chronic respiratory disease

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-021-01722-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Claire Healy ◽

Natalia Munoz-Wolf ◽

Janné Strydom ◽

Lynne Faherty ◽

Niamh C. Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Trace Metals ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Chronic Lung Disease ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Redox Activity ◽

Nutritional Immunity ◽

Airway Microbiome ◽

The Impact

AbstractNutritional immunity is the sequestration of bioavailable trace metals such as iron, zinc and copper by the host to limit pathogenicity by invading microorganisms. As one of the most conserved activities of the innate immune system, limiting the availability of free trace metals by cells of the immune system serves not only to conceal these vital nutrients from invading bacteria but also operates to tightly regulate host immune cell responses and function. In the setting of chronic lung disease, the regulation of trace metals by the host is often disrupted, leading to the altered availability of these nutrients to commensal and invading opportunistic pathogenic microbes. Similarly, alterations in the uptake, secretion, turnover and redox activity of these vitally important metals has significant repercussions for immune cell function including the response to and resolution of infection. This review will discuss the intricate role of nutritional immunity in host immune cells of the lung and how changes in this fundamental process as a result of chronic lung disease may alter the airway microbiome, disease progression and the response to infection.

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Characteristics of Atmospheric Metalliferous Particles during Large-Scale Fireworks in Korea

Advances in Meteorology ◽

10.1155/2015/423275 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zang-Ho Shon ◽

Ju-Hee Jeong ◽

Yoo-Keun Kim

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Trace Metal ◽

Large Scale ◽

Background Level ◽

Trace Metal Concentration ◽

Urban Background ◽

Ambient Concentration ◽

Local Background ◽

The Impact ◽

Concentration Levels

The effect of large-scale firework events on urban background trace metal concentrations was investigated using 24 hr data collected over 3 days at three sites in Busan Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea, during the falls (Oct.) of 2011–2013. The firework events increased local background concentrations of trace metals as follows: K (1.72 times), Sr (2.64 times), As (2.86 times), Pb (2.91 times), and Al (5.44 times). The levels of some metals did not always drop to background level one day after the firework event. The contribution of fireworks to trace metal concentration levels (and emissions) for 2011 event was negligible compared to 2012 and 2013 events due to different meteorological conditions (precipitation). In addition, the impact of firework events on the ambient concentration levels of trace metals was likely to be different depending on their chemical speciation. The impact of firework events in Busan on urban air quality (trace metal) was less intense compared to other similar festivals worldwide. The largest emission of trace metals and elements from firework burning was represented by K (128–164 kg), followed by Pb, Cd, Cu, Mg, Ba, As, Al, Ga, Co, and Na.

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