Simple Machines

1978 ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
D. E. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Simple Machines

The Hydraulic Operation of Lathes for the Production of Shells

1944 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-86
Author(s):  
W. Littlejohn Philip
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hydraulic Machine ◽  
Hydraulic Machinery ◽  
Simple Machines ◽  
High Level ◽  
Shell Production ◽  
Hydraulic Operation ◽  
Made In

The paper is limited to the application of hydraulic power to lathes designed for shell making although, in the author's opinion, there is an immense field for the application of the same principles in other directions. Self-contained hydraulic machine tools have been dealt with by Mr. H. C. Town,† but in the system to be described all the machines are operated from a central hydraulic plant. Three complete installations on this principle have been established by the author, and the present paper contains an account of this work from the first experiments in 1915 until about four years ago. The first plant was constructed in 1915 for the production of 3·29-inch shells, known as “18-pounders”, from the solid bar. The output was 2,000 shells per week of 135 hours, with girl operators working on three shifts. The second plant was put down in 1916–17 for an output of 500 9·2-inch howitzer shells per week of 135 hours, also with girls working on three shifts. The third plant is of recent design. It was started in 1938 for the production of 3·45-inch shells, known as “25-pounders”; and was laid out for an output of 1,000 shells per week of 47 hours. This plant included four types of hydraulic lathes which the author was engaged to design for the War Office. Soon after the commencement of the last war in 1914 it became evident that shell production would have to be greatly increased, and engineering firms were pressed to take up shell manufacture. The author, on behalf of his firm, undertook to help in the movement, and he at once set about the construction of some simple machines for the job. These conformed on general lines to the practice of the period as regards design and operation. He soon realized, however, that drastic changes would have to be made if production was to reach the high level that circumstances demanded. Although quite familiar with hydraulic machinery of various types and of many applications in presses and certain types of heavy tools, he was not aware of any instance in which hydraulic power had been applied to the movements of a lathe. It appeared to him, nevertheless, that it would be possible to construct a very useful machine on these lines, and he accordingly started immediately to carry out experiments and to prepare designs. It was considered essential that machines for the duty which the author had in mind should be much heavier and more rigid than the ordinary machines of the time, so that they should be free from vibration and “chatter” or spring with the heaviest possible cutting. The standard of rigidity aimed at was that which would permit a half-crown coin to remain balanced on edge on the moving saddle or turret while the tools were making the heaviest cuts. This object was achieved, and the demonstration was frequently made in the presence of those who came to see the lathes at work.

Wedges: Stories as Simple Machines

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110459
Author(s):  
Sally Campbell Galman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Children's Narratives ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Simple Machines ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
Diverse Children

This piece of comics-based research (CBR) details the use of arts-based methods in ongoing research with young transgender or otherwise gender diverse children. Drawing from both the anthropology of childhood and draw–write–tell research in public health, the central innovation of this methodology hinges on gathering children’s narratives in a less coercive manner that holds their stories intact and produces better, more trustworthy research. Discussion includes problematizing and problem-solving contemporary “child friendly” methodology, exploring the role of the child informant in qualitative research, and illustrating how arts methods can inform deeper understanding of participant data when applied in a systematic format.

Simple Machines

1992 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Lawrence O. Roth ◽  
Harry L. Field
Keyword(s):  
Simple Machines

Simple machines

2019 ◽  
pp. 269-280
Author(s):  
John Bird ◽  
Carl Ross
Keyword(s):  
Simple Machines

scholarly journals Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, And Mathematics) Untuk Mahasiswa Prodi PGSD

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-345
Author(s):  
Ifa Seftia Rakhma Widiyanti ◽  
Saeful Mizan
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Elementary Teacher ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Elementary Teacher Education ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Student Activities ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Simple Machines ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Teacher Education Students

Abstract: The general objective of this study was to find a kind of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) study instruments, and  the specific purposes of this study were to investigate the validity, effectiveness, and practicality of  it. This was a Research & Development study which was simplified into two stages; they are the preliminary stage and the development stage.  This study resulted several kinds of instruments: lesson plan, worksheets, material lesson, teaching evaluation sheets, observation sheets, and questionares. The validity was very good with score 84,38 % for content aspect, 82,50 % for language aspect, and 82,14 % for display aspect. The instruments were very effective to be used by elementary teacher education students and lecturers in the simple machines material to describe the STEM profile’s teacher education students. The instruments could practically be used by the elementary teacher education students and lecturers for the simple machines material based on the positive elementary teacher education students and lecturers responses. Students' science ability increased 27.20%, technology ability increased 23.36%, engineering ability increased 55.20%, and mathematics ability increased 81.80%. The effectiveness of learned was shown by the success of the lecturer in designed learning. The learning design got score of 100 from both expert. The developed learning device is practically used by students and lecturers for simple machines material based on positive responses of students and lecturer. The practicality of learning tools based STEM is shown from the implementation of learning. The percentage of student activities during STEM learning was 75.79%, it showed that student activities during learning including the good category and the teaching ability of lecturers got average score 97,73.

Exploring Simple Machines With Creative Movement

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-121
Author(s):  
William Paul Lindquist ◽  
Martha James-Hassan ◽  
Nathan C. Lindquist
Keyword(s):  
Science Content ◽  
Creative Movement ◽  
Urban Elementary School ◽  
Simple Machines ◽  
Movement Strategy ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Unit Plan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Science Investigations

This chapter explores the use of creative movement to extend meaning to inquiry-based science investigations. This process embraces the addition of A to STEM to realize the impact of STEAM. The chapter builds on the import of scientific and physical literacy, interdisciplinary learning, and the power of kinesthetic engagement. Students become active collaborative agents within a dynamic model using creative movement to bring meaning to the science of simple machines. The authors utilize working words into movement strategy to help students use their past experiences and motor memory to explore, interpret, and engage with as they seek understanding of simple machines. A Midwest urban elementary school provides the context for a unit plan culminating in a dance performance. The foundational ideas presented within this unit can be enacted within any classroom by creative movement (physical education or dance) specialists, science specialists, or classroom generalists. It follows with a presentation of science content on simple machines exploring the disciplinary core idea of force and motion.

Swarm Intelligence Applications for the Internet

2008 ◽  
pp. 600-605
Author(s):  
Sergio Gutiérrez ◽  
Abelardo Pardo ◽  
Carlos Delgado Kloos
Keyword(s):  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Local Interactions ◽  
Collaborative Search ◽  
Simple Machines ◽  
Global Objective ◽  
Self Organizing

A swarm may be defined as a population of interacting elements that is able to optimize some global objective through collaborative search of a space (Kennedy, 2001). The elements may be very simple machines or very complex living beings, but there are two restrictions to be observed: They are limited to local interactions; usually the interaction is not performed directly but indirectly through the environment. The property that makes swarms interesting is their self-organizing behaviour; in other words, it is the fact that a lot of simple processes can lead to complex results.

Enumerating the Component Space: First Steps Toward a Design Naming Convention for Mechanical Parts

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Greer ◽  
Michael E. Stock ◽  
Robert B. Stone ◽  
Kristin L. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Naming Convention ◽  
Product Evolution ◽  
Simple Machines ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
Natural Forms ◽  
Exhaustive List

A standard naming convention for mechanical parts is proposed in this paper. We refer to this naming convention as the component basis. The component basis is a first step at classifying an exhaustive list of human-made mechanical transmission artifacts as functional forms, geometric shapes, simple machines, and natural forms. The proposed component basis provides a framework for the development of a suite of computational conceptual design tools. This suite of design tools includes a function-based computational concept generator and a product evolution methodology.

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