Nigeria: Foreign Policy Alternatives

1983 ◽  
pp. 164-190
Author(s):  
Mark W. Delancey
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Alternatives

Decision-making and the Munich crisis

1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Black
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
Recent Edition ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
United States Intervention

It is now twenty years since Richard Snyder and two associates published a monograph presenting their “framework” for studying international relations as foreign policy decision-making. The basic assumptions of this approach have become an indispensable part of the study of international relations. No-one would now think of ignoring the important processes by which groups of leaders formulate and choose among policy alternatives. Yet the approach itself has been relegated to subsections of surveys of the field, or dismissive footnotes. Although James Rosenau's influential anthology, International Relations and Foreign Policy, still retains three “decision-making” selections in its most recent edition, Rosenau himself pronounced a respectful epitaph for this approach some years ago. Glenn Paige's initial, massive study of the United States' intervention in Korea has had no successors.

Russia's Foreign Policy Alternatives

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei G. Arbatov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Alternatives

President Kennedy and the Neutralization of Laos

1969 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Hill
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
President Elect

SoonAfter John F. Kennedy became President, difficult foreign policy decisions had to be made. Even before he assumed the burdens of office, he knew an early judgment would be required concerning United States policies vis-à-vis Laos. Throughout 1960, Communist forces in Laos and their allies won numerous military victories and the Laotian Royal Army was unable to check their advances. The United States and other SEATO members were understandably disturbed. They now had to contemplate a total Communist victory with all its potentially painful and embarrassing consequences. These consequences worried President-elect Kennedy and prior to his inauguration, he and his advisors began systematically examining all their policy alternatives; they found that none were really attractive.

scholarly journals Explaining the Changes in Brazilian Foreign Policy towards South America under Michel Temer’s Administration (2016-2018): The Return to the Logic of Open Regionalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-513
Author(s):  
Leandro Wolpert dos Santos ◽  
André Pimentel Ferreira Leão ◽  
Jonathan Raphael Vieira da Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
South America ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
Public Policy Analysis ◽  
Political Dispute

Abstract The administration of President Michel Temer (2016-2018) led to significant changes in Brazilian foreign policy towards South America as opposed to the country’s goals that had remained in place for over a decade. This article addresses the question of how and why these changes unfolded under Temer’s government. Anchored in an analytical framework of Public Policy Analysis, we develop two main arguments. Firstly, we claim that the changes in foreign policy towards South America represented a paradigmatic transition from a post-liberal strategy to the restoration of the logic of open regionalism. Secondly, we argue that this change resulted from the coupling of the three dimensions of the political process: problem recognition, policy alternatives, and politics. The primary cause of such change was the political dispute in the public arena between business groups and party leadership.

POLI: An Expert System Model of U.S. Foreign Policy Belief Systems

1992 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 888-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Taber
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
System Model ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Prior Beliefs ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
Alternative Methodology ◽  
Complete Process

One of the more fruitful systematic approaches to the study of foreign policy views nations as information processors and explains foreign policy as a function of information and processing thereon. Much of such processing depends on the prior beliefs of decision makers, but for a variety of reasons these systems of prior beliefs are very difficult to analyze using “standard” empirical and modeling techniques. Computational modeling, including expert system technology, provides an alternative methodology that allows such analysis. I present Policy Arguer (POLI), an expert system model of U.S. foreign policy making in Asia. Poli has been very successful in reproducing actual U.S. responses to events in Asia from the 1950s. More important, POLI recreates policy debate in the form of the arguments and counterarguments used to justify policy alternatives. The model explains foreign policy outputs in terms of a complete process from foreign policy beliefs, through debate, to choice.

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