From Catch Quotas to Effort Regulation: Politics and Implementation in the Faeroese Fisheries

2008 ◽  
pp. 99-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stig S. Gezelius
Keyword(s):  
Effort Regulation

Task-induced fatigue states and simulated driving performance

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 659-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Matthews ◽  
Paula A. Desmond
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Performance Impairment ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Effort Regulation ◽  
Compensatory Effort

States of fatigue are implicated in driver impairment and motor vehicle accidents. This article reports two studies investigating two possible mechanisms for performance impairment: (1) loss of attentional resources; and (2) active regulation of matching effort to task demands. The first hypothesis predicts that fatigue effects will be accentuated by high task demands, but the second hypothesis predicts that fatigue effects will be strongest in “underload” conditions. In two studies, drivers performed a stimulated driving task, in which task demands were manipulated by varying road curvature. In a “fatigue induction” condition, the early part of the drive was occupied by performance of a demanding secondary task concurrently with driving, after which the concurrent task ceased. Post-induction driving performance was compared with a control condition in which drivers were not exposed to the induction. In both studies, the fatigue induction elicited various subjective fatigue and stress symptoms, and also raised reported workload. Fatigue effects on vehicle control and signal detection were assessed during and after the fatigue induction. The fatigue induction increased heading error, reduced steering activity, and, in the second study, reduced perceptual sensitivity on a secondary detection task. These effects were confined to driving on straight rather than on curved road sections, consistent with the effort regulation hypothesis. The second study showed that fatigue effects were moderated by a motivational manipulation. Results are interpreted within a control model, such that task-induced fatigue may reduce awareness of performance impairment, rather than reluctance or inability to mobilize compensatory effort following detection of impairment.

ON THE EFFECT OF EFFORT REGULATION BY MEANS OF TEMPORARY CONTINUITYIN SPLIT SPAN STRUCTURES OF STEELREINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGES

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
I.Yu. Belutsky ◽  
◽  
I.V. Lazarev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Stress Rate ◽  
Steel Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Bridges ◽  
Effort Regulation

Abstract. The publication shows the effectiveness of applying the principle of temporary continuity by combining split span structures into acontinuous couplingusing a temporary joint. The method can be viewed as an option for effort regulation, creating abearing capacity reserveinload-bearing constructions within the span structures of bridges. The calculations provided show the effect on stress rate and bending moment in split span structurescombined into a double-spancontinuous coupling by a temporary joint.

scholarly journals The Effects of Extraneous Load on the Relationship Between Self-Regulated Effort and Germane Load Within an E-Learning Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Lange ◽  
Jamie Costley ◽  
Seung-Lock Han
Keyword(s):  
Load Condition ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Online Instructors ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Effort Regulation ◽  
Extraneous Load ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="3">Online instructors need to avoid unclear and confusing explanations of content, which can reduce the quality of learning. Extraneous load is reflective of poor instruction, in that it directs student effort towards processing information that does not contribute to learning. However, students may be able to manage poor instruction through effort regulation. Students who show high levels of effort have been shown to overcome poor instruction in some cases. This study analyzed survey responses from South Korean university students studying online (n = 1,575) to examine the relationship between self-regulated effort and germane load within varying extraneous load conditions. The experimental design separated extraneous load responses into three conditions (low, medium, high). Within each extraneous load condition, self-regulated effort responses were also separated (low, medium, high). The results showed that as extraneous load increased, self-regulated effort had a weaker relationship with germane load. It was also found that the use of effort regulation is effective only when dealing with low and mid-level extraneous load situations and that use of such strategies within high extraneous load situations was not effective. These results show the importance of improving instruction to reduce extraneous cognitive load, in that, not even high levels of effort can overcome poor quality instruction.</p>

Concurrent Monitoring for Multiple Critical Signals in a Complex Display: A Vigilance Perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (17) ◽  
pp. 1518-1522
Author(s):  
Nathan R. Bailey ◽  
Mark W. Scerbo
Keyword(s):  
Task Demands ◽  
Complex Environment ◽  
Vigilance Performance ◽  
Digital Readout ◽  
Monitoring Task ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effort Regulation ◽  
Monitoring Performance ◽  
Complex Display

The present study was designed to examine the monitoring performance of operators in a complex environment requiring concurrent monitoring of multiple displays with different types of critical signals. Participants performed a manual flight task concurrently with three monitoring tasks over three separate 2-hour sessions. The monitoring tasks required operators to detect deviations in the gauge, mode, and digital readout portions of a simulated EICAS display. Results indicated that while performance on the primary flight task degraded within each session, monitoring performance remained constant. Further, intrasession monitoring performance did not degrade across trials. These findings suggest that vigilance performance for complex displays may be influenced by a number of factors including compensatory strategies related to mental effort regulation, the complexity of monitoring task demands, the duration of the monitoring session, and the nature of additional operator responsibilities.

A Hierarchical Model of Approach Achievement Motivation and Effort Regulation during a 90-Min. Soccer Match

2007 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor Oskar Thomassen ◽  
Hallgeir Halvari
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Soccer Match ◽  
Effort Level ◽  
Mastery Goal ◽  
Effort Regulation ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
High Level ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Second Period

Research indicates that effort close to the lactate threshold during a soccer match is of importance to succeed, so a prospective study was conducted and a hierarchical achievement motivation approach model tested in relation to effort regulation among 55 male high level soccer players ( M = 23.6 yr., SD = 4.3). The motive to achieve success was expected to be positively associated with the mastery goal, which would be positively associated with playing time close to the lactate threshold in the first soccer match period, and this positively associated with the same magnitude of effort in the second period. We also examined whether the mastery goal would mediate the link between the motive to achieve success and playing time close to the lactate threshold during the first period and also playing time close to the lactate threshold in the first period would mediate the link between the mastery goal and playing time at this effort level during the second period. LISREL analyses supported these predictions. Additional hierarchical polynomial multiple regression analyses indicated unexpected significant nonlinear associations between the motive to avoid failure and effort regulation. The latter is partly explained by ideas from the catastrophe theory.

The Nexus between emotional, metacognitive, and motivational facets of academic achievement among Iranian university students

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Ghanizadeh ◽  
Safoura Jahedizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
University Students ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Effort Regulation ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize university students’ affective experiences in academic contexts as well as the ways to integrate affection into existing models of motivation and learning. In particular, it probed 235 English as foreign language (EFL) students’ emotional exhaustion by investigating its role in their intrinsic motivation, effort regulation, and academic achievement. It also sought to examine the impact of intrinsic motivation on effort regulation and academic achievement as well as the effect of effort regulation on academic achievement among Iranian university students. Design/methodology/approach To do so, two distinctive questionnaires, namely; the “student version of Maslach Burnout Inventory” (Schaufeli et al., 2002) and the “Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire” (Pintrich and DeGroot, 1990) were administered to the participants. The data were analyzed via structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings The findings of the study yielded via SEM revealed that students’ emotional exhaustion negatively predicted students’ intrinsic motivation, effort regulation, and academic achievement. It was also found that intrinsic motivation significantly and positively predicted effort regulation and academic achievement. Finally, effort regulation was found to be a positive and significant predicator of university students’ academic achievement. Originality/value While a plethora of studies, thus far, strived to investigate the concept of burnout in different contexts, there is still a scant body of research attempting to delve into the most significant dimension of the syndrome (i.e. emotional exhaustion), and, to the best knowledge of the present researchers, no documented study to date has studied Iranian university EFL students’ emotional exhaustion, intrinsic motivation, and effort regulation within a single framework.

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