A Hierarchical Model of Approach Achievement Motivation and Effort Regulation during a 90-Min. Soccer Match

2007 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor Oskar Thomassen ◽  
Hallgeir Halvari
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Soccer Match ◽  
Effort Level ◽  
Mastery Goal ◽  
Effort Regulation ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
High Level ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Second Period

Research indicates that effort close to the lactate threshold during a soccer match is of importance to succeed, so a prospective study was conducted and a hierarchical achievement motivation approach model tested in relation to effort regulation among 55 male high level soccer players ( M = 23.6 yr., SD = 4.3). The motive to achieve success was expected to be positively associated with the mastery goal, which would be positively associated with playing time close to the lactate threshold in the first soccer match period, and this positively associated with the same magnitude of effort in the second period. We also examined whether the mastery goal would mediate the link between the motive to achieve success and playing time close to the lactate threshold during the first period and also playing time close to the lactate threshold in the first period would mediate the link between the mastery goal and playing time at this effort level during the second period. LISREL analyses supported these predictions. Additional hierarchical polynomial multiple regression analyses indicated unexpected significant nonlinear associations between the motive to avoid failure and effort regulation. The latter is partly explained by ideas from the catastrophe theory.

Impact of Changes in Playing Time on Playing-Related Musculoskeletal Pain in String Music Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Robitaille ◽  
Yannick Tousignant-Laflamme ◽  
Manon Guay
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
String Instruments ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Music Camp ◽  
Pain Frequency ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
High Level

BACKGROUND: During their training, musicians must develop good work habits that they will carry on throughout their professional career in order to avoid potential chronic health problems, such as musculoskeletal pain. The effect of sudden changes in instrument playing-time on the development of playing-related musculoskeletal pain (PRMP) has not been thoroughly investigated in music students playing bowed string instruments (BSI), even though they are regularly exposed to such changes to perfect their playing skills. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between sudden changes in instrument playing-time and changes in PRMP in BSI players. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was completed with BSI students attending a summer music camp offering high-level training. Participants completed a self-administered 23-item questionnaire designed for the study upon arrival at camp (T1) and then 7 days later (T2). RESULTS: Ninety-three BSI students (16±4 yrs old) completed the questionnaires, for a 23% response rate. Their playing-time increased by 23±14 hrs between T1 and T2. Complaints in pain frequency (e.g., from never to most of the time) and intensity (19±24 mm on VAS) significantly increased between T1 and T2 and were correlated with an increase in playing-time. CONCLUSION: A sudden increase in playing-time, such as that experienced by elite BSI students attending an intensive music camp, was related to an increase in PRMP. However, in this study, changes in pain characteristics were only partly explained by the change in playing-time.

scholarly journals The effect of subordinate motivation on performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-574
Author(s):  
Euijin Kang ◽  
EunKyoung Chung ◽  
YoungWoo Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attribution Style ◽  
Personal Need For Structure ◽  
Emotional Display ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to examine whether subordinate attribution style on leader emotional (positive and negative) display moderates the relationship between subordinate achievement motivation/personal need for structure(PNS) and performance. 75 employees in the sales department of a pharmaceutical company participated in the survey. Results showed that subordinates using person-attribution style on leader negative emotional display performed better than those using performance-attribution style, though they had the same high level of explicit achievement motivation and PNS. That is, the moderating role of subordinate attributional style on leader negative emotional display was verified. On the contrary, subordinate attributional style on leader positive emotional display did not moderate the relationship between subordinate explicit achievement motivation/PNS and performance. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and future research are discussed.

The Effects of Mastery, Competitive, and Cooperative Goals on the Performance of Simple and Complex Basketball Skills

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Giannini ◽  
Robert S. Weinberg ◽  
Allen J. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Group Performance ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Mastery Goal ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Better Than

This study investigated the effects of different goal and feedback conditions on performance of a basketball shooting task and a more complex one-on-one offensive basketball task. Subjects (N= 1(D) were matched, based on pretest performance, into one of five conditions: competitive goal, cooperative goal, mastery goal, "do your best" with feedback, and "do your best" without feedback. Subjects also responded to questionnaires to allow an assessment of the strength of mastery, competitive, and social goal orientations, which reflected personal achievement goals held before goal-setting instructions were offered. Results indicated that the competitive goal group performed significantly better than the do-your-best-without-feedback group in one-on-one posttest trials. No other between-group performance differences were significant. Subjects' goal orientations were not related to performance in the competitive and cooperative goal conditions, but significant relationships were found for mastery goal group subjects. The results are discussed in terms of Locke's theory of goal setting as well as achievement motivation research on goal orientations, and future directions for research are offered.

Effect of Continuous 6 Months Oral Antioxidant Combination with Universally recommended Dosage in Idiopathic Male Infertility

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Ratna Chattopadhyay ◽  
Shanawaz Yasmin ◽  
BN Chakravarty
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Antioxidant Therapy ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Idiopathic Male Infertility ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
High Level ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Treatment Improvement

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to observe the adverse effects of high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in idiopathic male infertility and the role of a combined antioxidant therapy for six months to overcome the detrimental effects of ROS. A prospective study including 185 infertile male was conducted at Institute of Reproductive Medicine (IRM) from January 2014 to April 2015. All the major sperm parameters as well as ROS, antioxidant level and the effect of high ROS level were evaluated before and after the therapy. A significant improvement in sperm motility and concentration were observed after 6 months of therapy. Antioxidant level had increased and ROS level had decreased significantly after the antioxidant treatment. Improvement in morphology and leukocyte concentration were observed though not clinically significant. Conclusion This combined antioxidant therapy may improve sperm quality after continuous 6 months of treatment. However, further study is needed regarding this experiment for validating the trend. How to cite this article Chattopadhyay R, Yasmin S, Chakravarty BN. Effect of Continuous 6 Months Oral Antioxidant Combination with Universally recommended Dosage in Idiopathic Male Infertility. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2016;7(1):1-6.

Treatment outcomes in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and cardiovascular disorders or diabetes: The Prostate Cancer Registry.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16537-e16537
Author(s):  
Nicolaas Lumen ◽  
Simon Chowdhury ◽  
Alison J. Birtle ◽  
Anders Bjartell ◽  
Luis Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Real Life Setting ◽  
Cardiac Disorders ◽  
High Level ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact

e16537 Background: The Prostate Cancer Registry is a prospective study of >3000 men with mCRPC in routine care. These patients (pts) have a high level of comorbidities which are often underrepresented in RCTs. Methods: Data were collected from pts with mCRPC irrespective of treatment (tx). Outcomes in pts with comorbidities were assessed. Results: At study entry, 16.6% of pts had a cardiac disorder, 9.7% hypertension only, 17.7% diabetes. Characteristics, first txs and outcomes are shown in the table below. Conclusions: In this real-life setting, AAP, ENZ, or DOC tx was feasible in pts with cardiac disorders, hypertension or diabetes; proportions treated with each drug were similar to the overall mCRPC population. Regardless of tx PFS was shorter than TTP, which may reflect the impact of pts’ comorbidities in real life. Pts with cardiac disorders had poorer outcomes vs the overall population. Clinical trial information: NCT02236637. [Table: see text]

Blood Pressure Cuff as a Potential Vector of Pathogenic Microorganisms A Prospective Study in a Teaching Hospital

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 940-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. de Gialluly ◽  
V. Morange ◽  
E. de Gialluly ◽  
J. Loulergue ◽  
N. van der Mee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Hospital Units ◽  
High Level ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Potentially Pathogenic Microorganisms

Objective.To investigate the potential role of blood pressure (BP) cuffs in the spread of bacterial infections in hospitals.Design.A comprehensive, prospective study quantitatively and qualitatively evaluating the bacterial contamination on BP cuffs of 203 sphygmomanometers in use in 18 hospital units from January through March 2003.Setting.A university hospital with surgical, medical, and pediatric units.Results.A level of contamination reaching 100 or more colony-forming units per 25 cm2was observed on 92 (45%) of inner sides and 46 (23%) of outer sides of 203 cuffs. The highest rates of contamination occurred on the inner side of BP cuffs kept in intensive care units (ICUs) (20 [83%] of 24) or on nurses' trolleys (27 [77%] of 35). None of the 18 BP cuffs presumed to be clean (ie, those that had not been used since the last decontamination procedure) had a high level of contamination. Potentially pathogenic microorganisms were isolated from 27 (13%) of the 203 BP cuffs: 20 of these microorganisms wereStaphylococcus aureus, including 9 methicillin-resistant strains. The highest rates of contamination with potentially pathogenic microorganisms were observed on cuffs used in ICUs and those kept on nurses' trolleys. For 4 patients with a personal sphygmomanometer, a genetic link was found between the strains isolated from the BP cuffs and the strains isolated from the patients.Conclusions.The results of this survey highlight the importance of recognizing BP cuffs as potential vectors of pathogenic bacteria among patients and as a source of reinfection when dedicated to a single patient, emphasizing the urgent need for validated procedures for their use and maintenance.

scholarly journals Fluoroquinolone resistance in Clostridium difficile isolates from a prospective study of C. difficile infections in Europe

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Spigaglia ◽  
Fabrizio Barbanti ◽  
Paola Mastrantonio ◽  
Jon S. Brazier ◽  
Frédéric Barbut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Amino Acid Substitution ◽  
Amino Acid Change ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
High Level ◽  
A Prospective Study

The European Study Group on Clostridium difficile (ESGCD) conducted a prospective study in 2005 to monitor and characterize C. difficile strains circulating in European hospitals, collecting 411 isolates. Eighty-three of these isolates, showing resistance or intermediate resistance to moxifloxacin (MX), were selected for this study to assess susceptibility to other fluoroquinolones (FQs) and to analyse the gyr genes, encoding the DNA gyrase subunits GyrA and GyrB. Twenty MX-susceptible isolates from the surveillance study were included for comparison. Overall, one amino acid substitution in GyrA (Thr82 to Ile) and four different substitutions in GyrB (Ser416 to Ala, Asp426 to Asn, Asp426 to Val and Arg447 to Lys) were identified. A high level of resistance (MIC ≥32 μg ml−1) to MX, ciprofloxacin (CI), gatifloxacin (GA) and levofloxacin (LE) was found in 68 isolates showing the amino acid substitution Thr82 to Ile in GyrA, in eight isolates with the substitutions Thr82 to Ile in GyrA and Ser416 to Ala in GyrB, in two isolates showing the substitution Asp426 to Asn in GyrB and in one isolate with Asp426 to Val in GyrB. The remaining four isolates showed high MICs for CI and LE, but different MIC levels for MX and GA. In particular, intermediate levels of resistance to MX were shown by two isolates, one with the substitution Thr82 to Ile in GyrA, and one showing Asp426 to Asn in GyrB. The substitution Arg447 to Lys in GyrB was found in two strains resistant to MX, CI and LE but susceptible to GA. No substitutions in GyrA were found in the FQ-susceptible strains, whereas two strains showed the amino acid change Ser416 to Ala in GyrB. Thr82 to Ile was the most frequent amino acid change identified in the C. difficile isolates examined. In contrast to previous observations, 10 % of the isolates showed this substitution in association with Ser416 to Ala in GyrB. The other amino acid changes found were characteristic of a few strains belonging to certain types and/or countries. Two new substitutions for C. difficile, Ser416 to Ala and Arg447 to Lys, were found in GyrB. Whereas the former does not seem to have a key role in resistance, since it was also detected in susceptible strains, the latter substitution occurred in the same position where other amino acid variations take place in resistant Escherichia coli and other C. difficile strains. A large number of C. difficile isolates now show an alarming pattern of resistance to the majority of FQs currently used in hospitals and outpatient settings, therefore judicious use of these antibiotics and continuous monitoring of in vitro resistance are necessary.

scholarly journals Comprehensive analysis of technical and tactical activities of high qualification basketball players

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Yuliia Kostiuk ◽  
Tetiana Kuryllo ◽  
Oleg Krupenin ◽  
Olena Khotentseva
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Competitive Activity ◽  
Game Activity ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
Main Components ◽  
High Level

The article presents the results of a study of game activity according to the index of technical and tactical skills of highly qualified basketball players who play in the Premier League of Ukraine among men's teams. The main components of the method of assessing the technical and tactical actions of players are the characteristics of the main components of the game, namely: effective transfers, rebounds under the shield, block shots, fouls on the player, loss of the ball, interception, fouls, the ratio of the number of effective throws of the ball into the basket with the total number of throws of the same player, the calculation of the ratio of the number of points scored by the player to the number of points scored by the team. It is important to assess the ratio of the player's time on the field to the total playing time, as well as the features of the game role. The high level of game activity of the team was revealed in the central players and one defender. The lowest level of technical and tactical skills was recorded in the attacking defender. According to the results of the index of the integrated indicator, the strengths and weaknesses of the competitive activity of highly qualified basketball players are analyzed. The strengths of the team include the rebounds, assists and fouls of the opponent on the player. Weaknesses that affected the course of the competition were the player's personal fouls and loss of the ball. On the basis of the conducted research the trainer can define means of correction of training process on technical and tactical readiness of players of various game roles.

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