Routing Table Instability in Real-World Ad-Hoc Network Testbed

Author(s):  
Tirthankar Ghosh ◽  
Benjamin Pratt
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Lalar ◽  
Arun Yadav

Routing protocol is the essential and vital performance factor in the Mobile Ad-hoc Network. The routing protocols in MANET are accomplished to handle a lot number of nodes with restricted resources. There is a variety of routing protocol exist in MANET. The routing protocol which is chosen may have an effect on the performance of network. In this paper, We perform a comparative study of DSDV, CSGR, WRP, AODV, OLSR, DSR, TORA, ZRP, ZHLS, DYMO routing protocol with respect to Routing Approaches, Routing structure, Route selection, Route, Routing table, Route maintenance, Operation of protocols, Strength, Weakness.


Author(s):  
Ika Oktavia Suzanti ◽  
Reza Pulungan

AbstrakMobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) adalah sekumpulan wireless mobile yang terhubung satu sama lain tanpa infrastruktur yang tetap sehingga perubahan topologi dapat terjadi setiap saat. Protokol routing MANET memiliki dua model yaitu protokol routing reaktif yang membentuk tabel routing hanya saat dibutuhkan dan protokol routing proaktif yang melakukan pemeliharaan tabel routing secara berkala. Properti umum yang harus dipenuhi oleh protokol jaringan ad-hoc adalah route discovery, packet delivery dan loop fredom. AODV merupakan protokol reaktif MANET yang memiliki standar waktu berapa lama sebuah rute dapat digunakan (route validity), sehingga properti route discovery dan packet delivery harus dapat dipenuhi dalam waktu tersebut. Proses verifikasi protokol dilakukan dengan memodelkan spesifikasi protokol menggunakan teknik, tool, dan bahasa matematis. Pada penelitian ini bahasa pemodelan  yang digunakan adalah timed automata, yaitu bahasa pemodelan untuk memodelkan sistem yang memiliki ketergantungan terhadap waktu tertentu pada setiap prosesnya. Verifikasi protokol dilakukan secara otomatis dengan mengggunakan tool model checker UPPAAL.Protokol yang diverifikasi adalah protokol AODV Break Avoidance milik Ali Khosrozadeh dkk dan protokol AODV Reliable Delivery dari Liu-Jian dan Fang-Min. Hasil verifikasi protokol membuktikan bahwa protokol AODV Break Avoidance mampu memenuhi properti route discovery dan protokol AODV Reliable Delivery mampu memenuhi properti packet delivery dalam waktu sesuai dengan spesifikasi. Kata kunci —Verifikasi Protokol, Timed Automata,  AODV, UPPAAL Abstract MANET is a group of wireless mobile that connected one to each other without fixed infrastructure so topology could change at anytime. MANET routing protocol has two models which are reactive routing protocol that built routing table only when needed and proactive routing protocol that maintain routing table periodically. General property which had to be satisfied by ad-hoc network protocol are route discovery, packet delivery and loop freedom. AODV is a reactive protocol in MANET that has time standard to determine how long a route is valid to be used (route validity) so route discovery and packet delivery property should be satisfied in a specifically certain time. Protocol verification process done by modeling protocol specification using technique, tool and mathematic language.In this research protocol modeled using timed automata which is a modeling language that could be used to model a time dependent system in each process. Verification using timed automata can automatically done by UPPAAL tool model checker.Protocol which will be verified are AODV Break Avoidance by Ali Khosrozadeh et al. and AODV Reliable Delivery by Liu Jian and Fang-Min. Result of this protocol verification prove that AODV BA could satisfied route discovery property and AODV Reliable Delivery could satisfied packet delivery property within their specification time. Keywords—Protocol Verification, Timed Automata, AODV, UPPAAL


Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a self-structured and self-controlled network. The nodes can sense, process and communicate wirelessly. They are portable, compact and battery powered. These abilities of MANETs make them useful for the applications where fixed infrastructure is not available or is temporarily down due some calamity. They can be used in rescue/disaster relief operation, forest animal surveillance, military surveillance and data exchange in lecture hall etc. Researchers are working on various constraints of MANET, such as limited battery power and bandwidth, lack of central administration and security, need of specialized routing etc. But easy deployment without necessity of physical infrastructure makes MANETs a preferred choice for “wireless communication network”. Researchers have used different techniques viz. simulation, emulation and real world implementation to evaluate the performance of MANET to reduce the impact of these limitations. Simulations assume real time scenarios to test the performance which many a times may not result into expected outcomes. Emulation enables repetitive testing of network scenarios with constraints much similar to the real world, but their per node deployment price is greater than simulation. The simplest form of real world implementation of MANET node can be an embedded circuit with microcontroller, radio transceiver, power source, memory and sensor/s module. This paper presents a study on performance evaluation of low power and low cost - “ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4” as a wireless radio transceiver in the node design. The experimental analysis of variation in number of obstacles and distance between the nodes that affects the performance of the network in terms of range, network area, packet delivery ratio and latency is presented. Considering the performance of ZigBee with its limitations can help researchers to decide the suitable environment, distance between nodes and frame size to establish a wireless ad hoc network for reliable and efficient communication.


2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 207-209
Author(s):  
Nayana K Nayana K ◽  
◽  
Dr.Sangeethaa Sukumaran
Keyword(s):  

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