Determination of Solids Content in Slurries by X-Ray Scattering

1979 ◽  
pp. 411-417
Author(s):  
J. Parus ◽  
J. Kierzek ◽  
T. Zóltowski ◽  
G. Kuc ◽  
W. Ratyński
Keyword(s):  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Ray Scattering

Determination of Solids Content in Slurries by X-Ray Scattering

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 411-417
Author(s):  
J. Farus ◽  
J. Kierzek ◽  
T. Zóltowski ◽  
G. Kuc ◽  
W. Ratyński
Keyword(s):  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Liquid Content ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Ray Scattering

Using corrections applied to the XRE analysis of copper ore flotation materials, two methods of determining the ratio of solid to liquid content in slurries are described. Both are based on the use of coherently scattered radiation. In the first method the intensity of Cu, Pb and Fe is normalized using a coefficient defined as a ratio of scattered radiation from the sample and pure diluent. In the second, the regression equations are applied. Satisfactory results have been obtained for solid contents ranging from 10 to 40%.

scholarly journals Size and Concentration Determination of Colloidal Nanocrystals by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorick Maes ◽  
Nicolo Castro ◽  
Kim De Nolf ◽  
Willem Walravens ◽  
Benjamin Abécassis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Colloidal Nanocrystals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absolute Scale ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

<div> <div> <div> <p>The accurate determination of the dimensions of a nano-object is paramount to the de- velopment of nanoscience and technology. Here, we provide procedures for sizing quasi- spherical colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) by means of small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). Using PbS NCs as a model system, the protocols outline the extraction of the net NC SAXS pattern by background correction and address the calibration of scattered x-ray intensity to an absolute scale. Different data analysis methods are compared, and we show that they yield nearly identical estimates of the NC diameter in the case of a NC ensemble with a monodisperse and monomodal size distribution. Extending the analysis to PbSe, CdSe </p> </div> </div> <div> <div> <p>and CdS NCs, we provide SAXS calibrated sizing curves, which relate the NC diameter and the NC band-gap energy as determined using absorbance spectroscopy. In compari- son with sizing curves calibrated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we systematically find that SAXS calibration assigns a larger diameter than TEM calibration to NCs with a given band gap. We attribute this difference to the difficulty of accurately sizing small objects in TEM images. To close, we demonstrate that NC concentrations can be directly extracted from SAXS patterns normalized to an absolute scale, and we show that SAXS-based concentrations agree with concentration estimates based on absorption spectroscopy.</p></div></div></div>

Diffuse x-ray scattering from InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots

2003 ◽  
Vol 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Köhler ◽  
Daniil Grigoriev ◽  
Michael Hanke ◽  
Martin Schmidbauer ◽  
Peter Schäfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Diffuse Scattering ◽  
Data Evaluation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Gaas Matrix ◽  
Wetting Layers ◽  
Ray Scattering

ABSTRACTMulti-fold stacks of In0.6Ga0.4As quantum dots embedded into a GaAs matrix were investigated by means of x-ray diffuse scattering. The measurements were done with synchrotron radiation using different diffraction geometries. Data evaluation was based on comparison with simulated distributions of x-ray diffuse scattering. For the samples under consideration ((001) surface) there is no difference in dot extension along [110] and [-110] and no directional ordering. The measurements easily allow the determination of the average indium amount in the wetting layers. Data evaluation by simulation of x-ray diffuse scattering gives an increase of Incontent from the dot bottom to the dot top.

scholarly journals Combining solution wide-angle X-ray scattering and crystallography: determination of molecular envelope and heavy-atom sites

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinguo Hong ◽  
Quan Hao
Keyword(s):  
Structure Determination ◽  
Heavy Atom ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Molecular Envelope ◽  
Waxs Data ◽  
Ray Scattering

Solving the phase problem remains central to crystallographic structure determination. A six-dimensional search method of molecular replacement (FSEARCH) can be used to locate a low-resolution molecular envelope determined from small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) within the crystallographic unit cell. This method has now been applied using the higher-resolution envelope provided by combining SAXS and WAXS (wide-angle X-ray scattering) data. The method was tested on horse hemoglobin, using the most probable model selected from a set of a dozen bead models constructed from SAXS/WAXS data using the programGASBORat 5 Å resolution (qmax= 1.25 Å−1) to phase a set of single-crystal diffraction data. It was found that inclusion of WAXS data is essential for correctly locating the molecular envelope in the crystal unit cell, as well as for locating heavy-atom sites. An anomalous difference map was calculated using phases out to 8 Å resolution from the correctly positioned envelope; four distinct peaks at the 3.2σ level were identified, which agree well with the four iron sites of the known structure (Protein Data Bank code 1ns9). In contrast, no peaks could be found close to the iron sites if the molecular envelope was constructed using the data from SAXS alone (qmax= 0.25 Å−1). The initial phases can be used as a starting point for a variety of phase-extension techniques, successful application of which will result in complete phasing of a crystallographic data set and determination of the internal structure of a macromolecule to atomic resolution. It is anticipated that the combination ofFSEARCHand WAXS techniques will facilitate the initial structure determination of proteins and provide a good foundation for further structure refinement.

Analysis of Nanopowders by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Method’s

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Sergey Bardakhanov ◽  
Ludmila Vikulina ◽  
Vladimir Lysenko ◽  
Andrey Nomoev ◽  
Sergey Poluyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Electron Accelerator ◽  
Size Distribution Function ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

The possibility of application of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) for nanopowders analysis was studied. The research for eight silica powders (including four powders obtained by the authors with help of electron accelerator) was conducted. The possibility of application of small angle X-ray scattering for determination of size distribution function of nanoparticles was shown

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