Virtual Power Plants Virtual power plant

2013 ◽  
pp. 243-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Morales ◽  
Antonio J. Conejo ◽  
Henrik Madsen ◽  
Pierre Pinson ◽  
Marco Zugno
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

scholarly journals An approach to balance state of charges of distributed batteries in virtual power plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Duc Huu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants ◽  
Balance State ◽  
The Difference

Small distributed energy sources could be aggregated to form a virtual power plant (VPP) in order to overall improve technical and market issues. VPPs should be composed of several distributed batteries (DB) to solve the problem of intermittency due to wind and solar. This paper presents an approach to balance state of charge batteries. It is therefore to improve the lifetime of batteries in VPPs. According to the proposed method, the real-time SOC of DB will be tracking on the balancing SOC determined in VPP. During operation, the difference of SOC among DBs will be shrunk and finally the share of exchange power among DB is equal. Moreover, the duration time to achieve the balancing SOC can be determined by adjusting the exponent parameter of SOC in the presented function.

scholarly journals Clustering time series applied to energy markets

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Krome ◽  
Jan Höft ◽  
Volker Sander
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

Abstract In Germany and many other countries the energy market has been subject to significant changes. Instead of only a few large-scale producers that serve aggregated consumers, a shift towards regenerative energy sources is taking place. Energy systems are increasingly being made more flexible by decentralised producers and storage facilities, i.e. many consumers are also producers. The aggregation of producers form another type of power plants: a virtual power plant. On the basis of aggregated production and consumption, virtual power plants try to make decisions under the conditions of the electricity market or the grid condition. They are influenced by many different aspects. These include the current feed-in, weather data, or the demands of the consumers. Clearly, a virtual power plant is focusing on developing strategies to influence and optimise these factors. To accomplish this, many data sets can and should be analysed in order to interpret and create forecasts for energy systems. Time series based analytics are therefore of particular interest for virtual power plants. Classifying the different time series according to generators, consumers or customer types simplifies processes. In this way, scalable solutions for forecasts can be found. However, one has to first find the according clusters efficiently. This paper presents a method for determining clusters of time series. Models are adapted and model-based clustered using ARIMA parameters and an individual quality measure. In this way, the analysis of generic time series can be simplified and additional statements can be made with the help of graphical evaluations. To facilitate large scale virtual power plants, the presented clustering workflow is prepared to be applied on big data capable platforms, e.g. time series stored in Apache Cassandra, analysed through an Apache Spark execution framework. The procedure is shown here using the example of the Day-Ahead prices of the electricity market for 2018.

scholarly journals A Virtual Power Plant Solution for Aggregating Photovoltaic Systems and Other Distributed Energy Resources for Northern European Primary Frequency Reserves

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Rakshith Subramanya ◽  
Matti Yli-Ojanperä ◽  
Seppo Sierla ◽  
Taneli Hölttä ◽  
Jori Valtakari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants ◽  
Primary Frequency

Primary frequency reserves in Northern Europe have traditionally been provided with hydro plants and fossil fuel-burning spinning reserves. Recently, smart distributed energy resources have been equipped with functionality needed to participate on frequency reserves. Key categories of such resources include photovoltaic systems, batteries, and smart loads. Most of these resources are small and cannot provide the minimum controllable power required to participate on frequency reserves. Thus, virtual power plants have been used to aggregate the resources and trade them on the frequency reserves markets. The information technology aspects of virtual power plants are proprietary and many of the details have not been made public. The first contribution of this article is to propose a generic data model and application programming interface for a virtual power plant with the above-mentioned capabilities. The second contribution is to use the application programming interface to cope with the unpredictability of the frequency reserve capacity that the photovoltaic systems and other distributed energy resources are able to provide to the frequency reserves markets in the upcoming bidding period. The contributions are demonstrated with an operational virtual power plant installation at a Northern European shopping center, aggregating photovoltaic Primary Frequency Reserves resources.

scholarly journals Bidding Strategy of Virtual Power Plant with Energy Storage Power Station and Photovoltaic and Wind Power

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongfu Tan ◽  
Qingkun Tan ◽  
Yuwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Bidding Strategy ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

For the virtual power plants containing energy storage power stations and photovoltaic and wind power, the output of PV and wind power is uncertain and virtual power plants must consider this uncertainty when they participate in the auction in the electricity market. In this context, this paper studies the bidding strategy of the virtual power plant with photovoltaic and wind power. Assuming that the upper and lower limits of the combined output of photovoltaic and wind power are stochastically variable, the fluctuation range of the day-ahead energy market and capacity price is stochastically variable. If the capacity of the storage station is large enough to stabilize the fluctuation of the output of the wind and photovoltaic power, virtual power plants can participate in the electricity market bidding. This paper constructs a robust optimization model of virtual power plant bidding strategy in the electricity market, which considers the cost of charge and discharge of energy storage power station and transmission congestion. The model proposed in this paper is solved by CPLEX; the example results show that the model is reasonable and the method is valid.

scholarly journals Energy Management of Virtual Power Plant Considering Distributed Generation Sizing and Pricing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 2817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Maanavi ◽  
Arsalan Najafi ◽  
Radu Godina ◽  
Mehrdad Mahmoudian ◽  
Eduardo M. G. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Network Availability ◽  
Virtual Power Plants ◽  
Efficient Vector

The energy management of virtual power plants faces some fundamental challenges that make it complicated compared to conventional power plants, such as uncertainty in production, consumption, energy price, and availability of network components. Continuous monitoring and scaling of network gain status, using smart grids provides valuable instantaneous information about network conditions such as production, consumption, power lines, and network availability. Therefore, by creating a bidirectional communication between the energy management system and the grid users such as producers or energy applicants, it will afford a suitable platform to develop more efficient vector of the virtual power plant. The paper is treated with optimal sizing of DG units and the price of their electricity sales to achieve security issues and other technical considerations in the system. The ultimate goal in this study to determine the active demand power required to increase system loading capability and to withstand disturbances. The effect of different types of DG units in simulations is considered and then the efficiency of each equipment such as converters, wind turbines, electrolyzers, etc., is achieved to minimize the total operation cost and losses, improve voltage profiles, and address other security issues and reliability. The simulations are done in three cases and compared with HOMER software to validate the ability of proposed model.

scholarly journals Multi-objective Interval Optimization of Virtual Power Plant Considering the Uncertainty of Source and Load

2021 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Shuai Han ◽  
Leping Sun ◽  
Xiaoxuan Guo ◽  
Jianbin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Interval Optimization ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Distributed Power ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

As the proportion of electric vehicles and distributed power sources connected to the power grid continues to increase, virtual power plants provide new ideas for effectively solving electric vehicles and distributed power sources connected to the grid. Considering that there are obvious uncertainties in the number of dispatchable electric vehicles and the output of distributed power sources, this paper focuses on the multi-objective interval optimization problem of virtual power plants considering the uncertainty of source load. Based on the analysis of the virtual power plant architecture, aiming at the uncertainty of the source load, a multi-objective interval optimization model of the virtual power plant was established using the interval number theory; in order to verify the validity of the established model, a virtual power plant in a certain area was selected as an example for analysis. The results show that the uncertainty of distributed power sources and electric vehicles can be better avoided in the interval optimization process, and the proposed scheme has strong robustness.

scholarly journals Research on Two-stage Game Strategy of Virtual Power Plant in Deep Peak Regulation Auxiliary Service Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 01026
Author(s):  
Yuan Guili ◽  
Chen Sixuan ◽  
Dou Xiaoxuan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Correction Coefficient ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Service Market ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

There is a large number of combined heat and power units in northern China, and due to the limit of heating demand, the operating mode of setting electricity by heat of combined heat and power units has seriously took over the consumption space of other energy, resulting in severe wind power curtailment and rationing situation in some areas, so this paper studies the deep peak regulation bidding strategy problem considering multiple uncertainties on virtual power plants, and established a two-staged optimization model of virtual power plant to maximize the net revenue, then introduced the Shapely value method with correction coefficient redistribute the peak regulation revenue. The simulation results showed that the two-stage bidding model can not only improve the market competitiveness of the virtual power plant, but also promote the consumption of renewable energy and reduce the market peak regulation service cost. Meanwhile, the improved apportion method can effectively guarantee the enthusiasm of all kinds of units to participate in the deep peak regulation market.

A Roadmap for Rural Electrification in Developing Countries Using MiViPPs (Microutility Virtual Power Plants)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Pandey ◽  
Manish Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Rural Electrification ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

In this paper we present a road-map for rural electrification in developing countries by means of Renewable Energy based MiViPPs (Microutility virtual power plants). First and foremost a feasibility and viability analysis of the various upcoming and alternative renewable energy options is performed with respect to rural environmental constraints and demands. Renewable Energy based DDG’s (Decentralized Distributed Generation Units) offer the potential for affordable, clean electricity with minimal losses and effective maintenance and local cost recovery. But Independent DDG projects are fraught with their own issues mainly stemming from the unreliable and intermittent nature of the generated power and high costs. We propose an alternative approach to rural electrification which involves off grid DDG units operated at the local level taking advantage of feasible renewable energy technologies, which can effectively serve rural areas and reduce the urgency of costly grid extension. In MIVIPP model, a multitude of decentralized units (renewable energy based units and a non-renewable energy based unit for last mile backup) are centrally controlled and managed as part of an interconnected network, resulting into a virtual power plant that can be operated as a distributed power plant large enough to reliably serve all the local electricity demands in a cost effective manner. Finally, by a set of simulation results we establish how an automated MIVIPP (based on an Intelligent Auto Control System) effectively addresses all the issues pertaining to Dispersed DDG units by leveraging the scalability achieved by mutually augmenting the supplies from different Renewable Energy Based DDG units.

Optimal Operation Model for Virtual Power Plant in Datong Area

2015 ◽  
Vol 785 ◽  
pp. 627-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hei Wei ◽  
Rasyidah Mohamed Idris
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Pumped Storage

Datong area has abundant wind energy. Due to problem in large scale of wind power grid connection, this paper introduces virtual power plant concept. As for beginning, power source characteristics of the wind farm, pumped storage power station and the thermal power plant are taken for analysis. Three types of different power plants are chosen to represent the virtual power plant modeling as well as adopting the NSGA2 optimization. As a conclusion, this case study proved that virtual power plant can increase the benefits of each power plant and the wind power plant output power curve become smoother.

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