A Roadmap for Rural Electrification in Developing Countries Using MiViPPs (Microutility Virtual Power Plants)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Pandey ◽  
Manish Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Rural Electrification ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

In this paper we present a road-map for rural electrification in developing countries by means of Renewable Energy based MiViPPs (Microutility virtual power plants). First and foremost a feasibility and viability analysis of the various upcoming and alternative renewable energy options is performed with respect to rural environmental constraints and demands. Renewable Energy based DDG’s (Decentralized Distributed Generation Units) offer the potential for affordable, clean electricity with minimal losses and effective maintenance and local cost recovery. But Independent DDG projects are fraught with their own issues mainly stemming from the unreliable and intermittent nature of the generated power and high costs. We propose an alternative approach to rural electrification which involves off grid DDG units operated at the local level taking advantage of feasible renewable energy technologies, which can effectively serve rural areas and reduce the urgency of costly grid extension. In MIVIPP model, a multitude of decentralized units (renewable energy based units and a non-renewable energy based unit for last mile backup) are centrally controlled and managed as part of an interconnected network, resulting into a virtual power plant that can be operated as a distributed power plant large enough to reliably serve all the local electricity demands in a cost effective manner. Finally, by a set of simulation results we establish how an automated MIVIPP (based on an Intelligent Auto Control System) effectively addresses all the issues pertaining to Dispersed DDG units by leveraging the scalability achieved by mutually augmenting the supplies from different Renewable Energy Based DDG units.

scholarly journals Stochastic Mixed-Integer Programming (SMIP)-Based Distributed Energy Resource Allocation Method for Virtual Power Plants

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Rakkyung Ko ◽  
Sung-Kwan Joo
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Distributed Energy Resource ◽  
Stochastic Mixed Integer Programming ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

Virtual power plants (VPPs) have been widely researched to handle the unpredictability and variable nature of renewable energy sources. The distributed energy resources are aggregated to form into a virtual power plant and operate as a single generator from the perspective of a system operator. Power system operators often utilize the incentives to operate virtual power plants in desired ways. To maximize the revenue of virtual power plant operators, including its incentives, an optimal portfolio needs to be identified, because each renewable energy source has a different generation pattern. This study proposes a stochastic mixed-integer programming based distributed energy resource allocation method. The proposed method attempts to maximize the revenue of VPP operators considering market incentives. Furthermore, the uncertainty in the generation pattern of renewable energy sources is considered by the stochastic approach. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals An approach to balance state of charges of distributed batteries in virtual power plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Duc Huu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants ◽  
Balance State ◽  
The Difference

Small distributed energy sources could be aggregated to form a virtual power plant (VPP) in order to overall improve technical and market issues. VPPs should be composed of several distributed batteries (DB) to solve the problem of intermittency due to wind and solar. This paper presents an approach to balance state of charge batteries. It is therefore to improve the lifetime of batteries in VPPs. According to the proposed method, the real-time SOC of DB will be tracking on the balancing SOC determined in VPP. During operation, the difference of SOC among DBs will be shrunk and finally the share of exchange power among DB is equal. Moreover, the duration time to achieve the balancing SOC can be determined by adjusting the exponent parameter of SOC in the presented function.

The process of rural electrification in developing countries: systemic analysis based on the understanding of policies of Brazil and China

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Frazão Teixeira ◽  
Davi Gabriel Lopes ◽  
Juan Arturo Castañeda-Ayarza
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Rural Electrification ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Local Participation ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Policies And Programs

The present article, based on a systemic approach, analyzed rural electrification policies and programs in China and Brazil, two countries that have already reached 99% of the population receiving electricity in rural areas. This analysis was focused on four macro-factors (governance, funding, implementation and monitoring and technological available), which together collaborated in a positive or negative way for the evolutionary process of rural electrification policy. The study allowed to conclude that a clear priority was given to macro-factors funding (mainly public) and available technologies, which made possible the advances in rural electrification but undermined the reliability of the system and its relationship with local income generation processes. In the case of China local participation (utilities, energy and population) was observed, but with negative points for governance and monitoring. In the Brazilian case, the bottleneck remains the Amazon region, which requires structures based on the macro factors that are dimensioned for the region. Finally, a decision-making framework was set up based on scenarios for rural electrification in developing countries, showing that it is possible to maintain the rural electrification process from the strong funding structures and available technologies, but the deadline for universalization will have no set term if there are no solid structures of governance and management at the local level.

scholarly journals Clustering time series applied to energy markets

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Krome ◽  
Jan Höft ◽  
Volker Sander
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

Abstract In Germany and many other countries the energy market has been subject to significant changes. Instead of only a few large-scale producers that serve aggregated consumers, a shift towards regenerative energy sources is taking place. Energy systems are increasingly being made more flexible by decentralised producers and storage facilities, i.e. many consumers are also producers. The aggregation of producers form another type of power plants: a virtual power plant. On the basis of aggregated production and consumption, virtual power plants try to make decisions under the conditions of the electricity market or the grid condition. They are influenced by many different aspects. These include the current feed-in, weather data, or the demands of the consumers. Clearly, a virtual power plant is focusing on developing strategies to influence and optimise these factors. To accomplish this, many data sets can and should be analysed in order to interpret and create forecasts for energy systems. Time series based analytics are therefore of particular interest for virtual power plants. Classifying the different time series according to generators, consumers or customer types simplifies processes. In this way, scalable solutions for forecasts can be found. However, one has to first find the according clusters efficiently. This paper presents a method for determining clusters of time series. Models are adapted and model-based clustered using ARIMA parameters and an individual quality measure. In this way, the analysis of generic time series can be simplified and additional statements can be made with the help of graphical evaluations. To facilitate large scale virtual power plants, the presented clustering workflow is prepared to be applied on big data capable platforms, e.g. time series stored in Apache Cassandra, analysed through an Apache Spark execution framework. The procedure is shown here using the example of the Day-Ahead prices of the electricity market for 2018.

A Survey of Vehicle-to-Grid Implementation through Virtual Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 314-317
Author(s):  
Zhong Wei Sun ◽  
Jing Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Energy Delivery ◽  
Virtual Power Plants ◽  
Grid Applications

The Smart Grid uses two-way flows of electricity and information to create a widely distributed automated energy delivery network, and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Virtual Power Plant (VPP) are two innovative smart grid applications. This survey focuses on V2G implementation through VPPs. First, the concept of V2G and its architectures are introduced. Then VPP, a new power plant concept and its corresponding control methods are described. Finally, implementation strategies of V2G through VPPs are categorized.

scholarly journals A Virtual Power Plant Solution for Aggregating Photovoltaic Systems and Other Distributed Energy Resources for Northern European Primary Frequency Reserves

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Rakshith Subramanya ◽  
Matti Yli-Ojanperä ◽  
Seppo Sierla ◽  
Taneli Hölttä ◽  
Jori Valtakari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants ◽  
Primary Frequency

Primary frequency reserves in Northern Europe have traditionally been provided with hydro plants and fossil fuel-burning spinning reserves. Recently, smart distributed energy resources have been equipped with functionality needed to participate on frequency reserves. Key categories of such resources include photovoltaic systems, batteries, and smart loads. Most of these resources are small and cannot provide the minimum controllable power required to participate on frequency reserves. Thus, virtual power plants have been used to aggregate the resources and trade them on the frequency reserves markets. The information technology aspects of virtual power plants are proprietary and many of the details have not been made public. The first contribution of this article is to propose a generic data model and application programming interface for a virtual power plant with the above-mentioned capabilities. The second contribution is to use the application programming interface to cope with the unpredictability of the frequency reserve capacity that the photovoltaic systems and other distributed energy resources are able to provide to the frequency reserves markets in the upcoming bidding period. The contributions are demonstrated with an operational virtual power plant installation at a Northern European shopping center, aggregating photovoltaic Primary Frequency Reserves resources.

scholarly journals A Case Study of a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) as a Data Acquisition Tool for PV Energy Forecasting

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6200
Author(s):  
Tomasz Popławski ◽  
Sebastian Dudzik ◽  
Piotr Szeląg ◽  
Janusz Baran
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

This article describes problems related to the operation of a virtual micro power plant at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering (FEE), Czestochowa University of Technology (CUT). In the era of dynamic development of renewable energy sources, it is necessary to create alternative electricity management systems for existing power systems, including power transmission and distribution systems. Virtual power plants (VPPs) are such an alternative. So far, there has been no unified standard for a VPP operation. The article presents components that make up the VPP at the FEE and describes their physical and logical structure. The presented solution is a combination of several units operating in the internal power grid of the FEE, i.e., wind turbines, energy storage (ES), photovoltaic panels (PV) and car charging stations. Their operation is coordinated by a common control system. One of the research goals described in the article is to optimize the operation of these components to minimize consumption of the electric energy from the external supply network. An analysis of data from the VPP management system was carried out to create mathematical models for prediction of the consumed power and the power produced by the PVs. These models allowed us to achieve the assumed objective. The article also presents the VPP data processing results in terms of detecting outliers and missing values. In addition to the issues discussed above, the authors also proposed to apply the Prophet model for short-term forecasting of the PV farm electricity production. It is a statistical model that has so far been used for social and business research. The authors implemented it effectively for technical analysis purposes. It was shown that the results of the PV energy production forecasting using the Prophet model are acceptable despite occurrences of missing data in the investigated time series.

scholarly journals Bidding Strategy of Virtual Power Plant with Energy Storage Power Station and Photovoltaic and Wind Power

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongfu Tan ◽  
Qingkun Tan ◽  
Yuwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Bidding Strategy ◽  
Virtual Power ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Virtual Power Plant ◽  
Virtual Power Plants

For the virtual power plants containing energy storage power stations and photovoltaic and wind power, the output of PV and wind power is uncertain and virtual power plants must consider this uncertainty when they participate in the auction in the electricity market. In this context, this paper studies the bidding strategy of the virtual power plant with photovoltaic and wind power. Assuming that the upper and lower limits of the combined output of photovoltaic and wind power are stochastically variable, the fluctuation range of the day-ahead energy market and capacity price is stochastically variable. If the capacity of the storage station is large enough to stabilize the fluctuation of the output of the wind and photovoltaic power, virtual power plants can participate in the electricity market bidding. This paper constructs a robust optimization model of virtual power plant bidding strategy in the electricity market, which considers the cost of charge and discharge of energy storage power station and transmission congestion. The model proposed in this paper is solved by CPLEX; the example results show that the model is reasonable and the method is valid.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document