Glycoconjugates from Parasitic Helminths: Structure Diversity and Immunobiological Implications

Author(s):  
Kay-Hooi Khoo ◽  
Anne Dell
1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Ok Min ◽  
Byong Seol Seo
Keyword(s):  

1999 ◽  
Vol 150 (7) ◽  
pp. 249-251
Author(s):  
Heinz Kuhn

As in many parts of the Swiss Central Plateau, vast coppices with standards have grown in the region of Diessenhofen for centuries. While in other parts of the first decades of the 20th century the forests were converted to areas of forest regeneration species, the foresters of the Diessenhofen region altered numerous pillaged coppices with standards to a stratified continuous forest. The advantages of this form of management such as species and structure diversity and lower costs in comparison with the forest stratified by age are being presented. Each of the four foresters in the region has formed different stand images through his personal intervention intensity. There are different ways possible for achieving a continuous forest, in order to prove this, differences of managing a selection forest system are carried out by the four regional foresters. After decades of experience in tending stands established out of former coppices with standards, the approach of converting plenter forests from existing forests stratified by age to stratified continuous forests is experienced. The successes also encouraged the foresters of the neighbouring district Steckborn to do the same. This creative task is being accompanied scientifically by the WSL (Federal Institute of Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland), which has established permanent observation areas. The steps in the previously intuitive procedure can, therefore, now be traced.


2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-991
Author(s):  
Rebekah B. Stuart ◽  
Suzanne Zwaanswijk ◽  
Neil D. MacKintosh ◽  
Boontarikaan Witikornkul ◽  
Peter M. Brophy ◽  
...  

AbstractFasciola hepatica (liver fluke), a significant threat to food security, causes global economic loss for the livestock industry and is re-emerging as a foodborne disease of humans. In the absence of vaccines, treatment control is by anthelmintics; with only triclabendazole (TCBZ) currently effective against all stages of F. hepatica in livestock and humans. There is widespread resistance to TCBZ and its detoxification by flukes might contribute to the mechanism. However, there is limited phase I capacity in adult parasitic helminths with the phase II detoxification system dominated by the soluble glutathione transferase (GST) superfamily. Previous proteomic studies have demonstrated that the levels of Mu class GST from pooled F. hepatica parasites respond under TCBZ-sulphoxide (TCBZ-SO) challenge during in vitro culture ex-host. We have extended this finding by exploiting a sub-proteomic lead strategy to measure the change in the total soluble GST profile (GST-ome) of individual TCBZ-susceptible F. hepatica on TCBZ-SO-exposure in vitro culture. TCBZ-SO exposure demonstrated differential abundance of FhGST-Mu29 and FhGST-Mu26 following affinity purification using both GSH and S-hexyl GSH affinity. Furthermore, a low or weak affinity matrix interacting Mu class GST (FhGST-Mu5) has been identified and recombinantly expressed and represents a new low-affinity Mu class GST. Low-affinity GST isoforms within the GST-ome was not restricted to FhGST-Mu5 with a second likely low-affinity sigma class GST (FhGST-S2) uncovered. This study represents the most complete Fasciola GST-ome generated to date and has supported the potential of subproteomic analyses on individual adult flukes.


CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misbha Rafiq Khan ◽  
Xiaoge Niu ◽  
Tianling Chen ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zhongyi Liu ◽  
...  

Six ferrocenyl monocarboxylate Mn(ii), Ni(ii) and Co(ii) complexes with different types of magnetic coupling bridges were synthesized successfully. 1–6 display intriguing structure diversity and magnetic properties.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiamma Riviera ◽  
Michael Renton ◽  
Mark P Dobrowolski ◽  
Erik J Veneklaas ◽  
Ladislav Mucina
Keyword(s):  

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 206-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaap J. Van Hellemond ◽  
Aloysius G.M. Tielens ◽  
Jos F.H.M. Brouwers

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. MODHA ◽  
M. C. ROBERTS ◽  
M. W. KENNEDY ◽  
J. R. KUSEL

The lateral diffusion (DL) properties of the fluorescent lipid probe 5-N (octadecanoyl) aminofluorescein (AF18) inserted into the surface of muscle-stage larvae of Trichinella spiralis were investigated by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. AF18 was not free to diffuse laterally in dormant larvae, and this remained unchanged after larval activation in vitro with trypsin and bile. However, a significant increase in surface fluidity of the probe was demonstrated (%R = 74·5; DL = 11·5 × 10−9 cm2/sec) when larvae invaded intestinal epithelial tissue following oral infection of mice. Membrane-permeant photoactivatable caged cyclic AMP was used to analyse the putative mechanism responsible for this increase in lateral diffusion in the parasite surface. Although incubation of larvae with 1–50 μM caged cAMP had no effect on surface fluidity, incubation with 100 μM caged cAMP induced a substantial increase in the lateral mobility of AF18 (%R = 64·3; DL = 8·3 × 10−11 cm2/sec) immediately following photo-activation of the caged messenger. This induced fluidity, however, was transient and the larval surface reverted to immobility within 15 min. These observations constitute the first reported measurement of the fluid properties of the surface of intracellular parasites, the first demonstration of the parasite surface fluidity altering as a result of host cell invasion and the first indication of a mechanism underlying changes in surface fluidity in parasitic helminths.


2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoo Yoshino ◽  
Takano Shingaki ◽  
Manabu Onuma ◽  
Teruo Kinjo ◽  
Tokuma Yanai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

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