Free Radicals and Acute Brain Injury: Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress and Therapeutic Potentials

Brain Injury ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 115-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hülya Bayir ◽  
Valerian E. Kagan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Brain Injury ◽  
Injury Mechanisms

scholarly journals The Role of Oxidative Stress in Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. Jelinek ◽  
M. Jurajda ◽  
K. Duris
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Early Brain Injury ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms

This review focuses on the problem of oxidative stress in early brain injury (EBI) after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). EBI involves complex pathophysiological mechanisms, including oxidative stress. In the first section, we describe the main sources of free radicals in EBI. There are several sources of excessive generation of free radicals from mitochondrial free radicals’ generation and endoplasmic reticulum stress, to hemoglobin and enzymatic free radicals’ generation. The second part focuses on the disruption of antioxidant mechanisms in EBI. The third section describes some newly found molecular mechanisms and pathway involved in oxidative stress after EBI. The last section is dedicated to the pathophysiological mechanisms through which free radicals mediate early brain injury.

Hypothermia for acute brain injury—mechanisms and practical aspects

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Alex Choi ◽  
Neeraj Badjatia ◽  
Stephan A. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Brain Injury ◽  
Injury Mechanisms

scholarly journals Venous system in acute brain injury: Mechanisms of pathophysiological change and function

2015 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Chen ◽  
Yujie Chen ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
Nathanael Matei ◽  
Jiping Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Brain Injury ◽  
Venous System ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
And Function

Immune Cell-Derived Free Radicals in Acute Brain Injury

2013 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Purnima Narasimhan ◽  
Hiroyuki Sakata ◽  
Joo Eun Jung ◽  
Tatsuro Nishi ◽  
Takuma Wakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Acute Brain Injury

scholarly journals Protective Role of Melatonin in Neonatal Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloisa Gitto ◽  
Lucia Marseglia ◽  
Sara Manti ◽  
Gabriella D’Angelo ◽  
Ignazio Barberi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Oxygen Radical ◽  
Perinatal Brain Injury ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Prophylactic Use

Oxidative stress contributes to the severity of several newborn conditions to the extent that Saugstad coined the phrase “oxygen radical diseases of neonatology.” In order to counteract free radicals damage many strategies to augment antioxidant status in ill-term and preterm infants have been proposed and several medications have been experimented with mixed results. Several studies have tested the efficacy of melatonin to counteract oxidative damage in diseases of newborns such as chronic lung disease, perinatal brain injury, necrotizing enterocolitis, and retinopathy of prematurity, giving promising results. The peculiar perinatal susceptibility to oxidative stress indicates that prophylactic use of antioxidants as melatonin could help to prevent or at least reduce oxidative stress related diseases in newborns. However, more studies are needed to confirm these beneficial effects.

A methodology for detecting and exploring non-convulsive seizures in patients with acute brain injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 396-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Albers ◽  
J Claassen ◽  
M Schmidt ◽  
G Hripcsak
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Brain Injury ◽  
Convulsive Seizures

Alterations of blood IL-8, TGF-beta1 and nitric oxide levels in relation to blood cells in patients with acute brain injury

Therapy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405
Author(s):  
Elham Hadidi ◽  
Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Paknejad ◽  
Shekoufeh Nikfar ◽  
Mohammad Jafar Zamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Acute Brain Injury
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