Photochemical Formation of Organic Compounds from Mixtures of Simple Gases Simulating the Primitive Atmosphere of the Earth

1974 ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Wilhelm Groth
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Photochemical Formation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Primitive Atmosphere

Primitive Atmosphere of the Earth

Nature ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 212 (5067) ◽  
pp. 1225-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. RASOOL ◽  
W. E. MCGOVERN
Keyword(s):  
The Earth ◽  
Primitive Atmosphere

scholarly journals Biogenic volatile organic compounds in the Earth system

2009 ◽  
Vol 183 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jullada Laothawornkitkul ◽  
Jane E. Taylor ◽  
Nigel D. Paul ◽  
C. Nicholas Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Delivery of Complex Organic Compounds from Planetary Nebulae to the Solar System

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Early Earth ◽  
Early Solar System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Planetary Satellites ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Complex Organic

AbstractInfrared spectroscopic observations of planetary nebulae and proto-planetary nebulae have shown that complex organic compounds are synthesized in these objects over periods as short as a thousand years. These compounds are ejected into the interstellar medium and spread throughout the Galaxy. Evidence from meteorites has shown that these stellar grains have reached the Solar System, and may have showered the Earth during the heavy bombardment stage of the Early Earth. In this paper, we discuss the chemical structure of stellar organic grains and compare them to the organic matter found in meteorites, comets, asteroids, planetary satellites, and interplanetary particles. The possibility that the early Solar System was chemically enriched by organic compounds ejected from distant stars is presented.

scholarly journals Consumption of CH<sub>3</sub>Cl, CH<sub>3</sub>Br and CH<sub>3</sub>I and emission of CHCl<sub>3</sub>, CHBr<sub>3</sub> and CH<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>2</sub> from a retreating Arctic glacier's forefield

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moya L. Macdonald ◽  
Jemma L. Wadham ◽  
Dickon Young ◽  
Chris R. Lunder ◽  
Ove Hermansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Halogenated Organic Compounds ◽  
Atmospheric Processes ◽  
Ozone Destruction ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Land Surfaces ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Natural Cycles

Abstract. The Arctic is one of the most rapidly warming regions of the Earth, with predicted temperature increases of 5–7 °C and the accompanying extensive retreat of Arctic glacial systems by 2100. This will reveal new proglacial land surfaces for microbial colonisation, ultimately succeeding to tundra over decades to centuries. An unexplored dimension to these changes is the impact upon the emission and consumption of halogenated organic compounds (halocarbons) from proglacial land surfaces. Halocarbons are involved in several important atmospheric processes, including ozone destruction, and despite considerable research, uncertainties remain in the natural cycles of some of these compounds. Using flux chambers, we measured halocarbon fluxes from proglacial land surfaces spanning recently-exposed sediments (

scholarly journals Cometary impacts into ocean: Thermodynamical equilibrium calculations of high-temperature O2 generation on the early Earth

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavle Premovic ◽  
Katja Panov
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Early Earth ◽  
Present Level ◽  
Thermodynamical Equilibrium ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Primitive Atmosphere ◽  
Equilibrium Calculations

The early Earth?s atmosphere apparently differed from the present atmosphere mainly in its lack of free O2, and this absence is believed to have been indispensable for the origin of early anaerobic life forms. One of the central problems in Earth science is to explain the apparent transition from the primitive atmosphere (free of O2) to the present atmosphere which contains 21% of the gas. Theoretical models suggest that the initial form of O2 in the Earth?s atmosphere may have been H2O, which was converted into atmospheric O2 mainly through photosynthesis. We have investigated an alternative (abiotic) method for the conversion of H2O to O2: a high-temperature shock generated during a cometary impact into an ocean (or on land). The calculations presented here show that 1% of the present level of O2 could have resulted from an icy 1.3x1016 kg comet entering the early (pre-oxygenic) Earth with a velocity of between about 11 and 30 km s-1.

scholarly journals Three-Body Photodissociation of Water Molecule: An Important Prebiotic Oxygen Source

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Chang ◽  
Yong Yu ◽  
Feng An ◽  
Zijie Luo ◽  
Donghui Quan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Molecule ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Vacuum Ultraviolet ◽  
Interstellar Space ◽  
Fundamental Issue ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Primitive Atmosphere ◽  
Three Body

Abstract The provenance of oxygen on the Earth and other Solar planetary bodies is a fundamental issue. It has been widely accepted that the only prebiotic pathway to produce oxygen in the Earth’s primitive atmosphere was via vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photodissociation of CO2 and subsequent two O atom recombination. Here, we provide experimental evidence of three-body dissociation (TBD) of H2O to produce O atoms in both 1D and 3P states upon vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation using the newly developed tunable VUV free electron laser. Experimental results show that the TBD is the dominant pathway in the VUV H2O photochemistry at wavelengths between 90 and 107.4 nm. The relative abundance of water in the interstellar space with its exposure to intense VUV radiation suggests that the TBD of H2O and subsequent O atoms recombination should be an important prebiotic O2-production, which may need to be incorporated into interstellar photochemical models.

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