Induction and Suppression of the Hypersensitive Reaction Caused by Phytopathogenic Bacteria : Specific and Non-Specific Components

Aim. To validate the suitability of commercial API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) for the identifi cation and characterization of facultative gram-negative phytopathogenic bacterial isolates. Methods. Conventional mi- crobiological methods, API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Re- sults. The identifi cation results for Erwinia amylovora, Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pantoea agglome- rans isolates were derived from the conventional and API 20E test systems, which, were in line with the literature data for these species. The API 20E test-system showed high suitability for P. agglomerans isolates identifi cation. Although not all the species of facultatively anaerobic phytopathogenic bacteria may be identi- fi ed using API 20E test-system, its application will surely allow obtaining reliable data about their physiologi- cal and biochemical properties, valuable for identifi cation of bacteria, in the course of 24 h. Conclusions. The results of tests, obtained for investigated species while using API 20E test-system, and those of conventional microbiological methods coincided. The application of API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) ensures fast obtain- ing of important data, which may be used to identify phytopathogenic bacteria of Erwinia, Pectobacterium, Pantoea genera.

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Comparative studies of some peritrichous phytopathogenic bacteria

10.31274/rtd-180813-15600 ◽

1942 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edward Leslie Waldee

Keyword(s):

Comparative Studies ◽

Phytopathogenic Bacteria

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Characterization of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli isolates

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/s0100-54052008000300004 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 228-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Willian Mário de Carvalho Nunes ◽

Maria Júlia Corazza ◽

Silvana Aparecida Crestes Dias de Souza ◽

Siu Mui Tsai ◽

Eiko Eurya Kuramae

Keyword(s):

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Hypersensitive Reaction ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽

Paulo State ◽

Total Dna ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Bacterial Plant Pathogen

A simple, quick and easy protocol was standardized for extraction of total DNA of the bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. The DNA obtained by this method had high quality and the quantity was enough for the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) reactions with random primers, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with primers of the hypersensitivity and pathogenicity gene (hrp). The DNA obtained was free of contamination by proteins or carbohydrates. The ratio 260nm/380nm of the DNA extracted ranged from 1.7 to 1.8. The hrp gene cluster is required by bacterial plant pathogen to produce symptoms on susceptible hosts and hypersensitive reaction on resistant hosts. This gene has been found in different bacteria as well as in Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (9). The primers RST21 and RST22 (9) were used to amplify the hrp gene of nine different isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli from Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, and one isolate, "Davis". PCR amplified products were obtained in all isolates pathogenic to beans.

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Expression of Medicago truncatula Genes Responsive to Nitric Oxide in Pathogenic and Symbiotic Conditions

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-21-6-0781 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 781-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Alberto Ferrarini ◽

Matteo De Stefano ◽

Emmanuel Baudouin ◽

Chiara Pucciariello ◽

Annalisa Polverari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Regulatory Networks ◽

Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽

Biotic Interactions ◽

Hypersensitive Reaction ◽

Nodule Formation ◽

Polymorphism Analysis ◽

Symbiotic Interaction ◽

Physiological Relevance

Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in diverse physiological processes in plants, including growth, development, response to pathogens, and interactions with beneficial microorganisms. In this work, a dedicated microarray representing the widest database available of NO-related transcripts in plants has been produced with 999 genes identified by a cDNA amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis as modulated in Medicago truncatula roots treated with two NO donors. The microarray then was used to monitor the expression of NO-responsive genes in M. truncatula during the incompatible interaction with the foliar pathogen Colletotrichum trifolii race 1 and during the symbiotic interaction with Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021. A wide modulation of NO-related genes has been detected during the hypersensitive reaction or during nodule formation and is discussed with special emphasis on the physiological relevance of these genes in the context of the two biotic interactions. This work clearly shows that NO-responsive genes behave differently depending on the plant organ and on the type of interaction, strengthening the need to consider regulatory networks, including different signaling molecules.

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Development of Forest Shelterbelts Considering Statistical Forecasts Modelling of Local Weather

Asian Journal of Water Environment and Pollution ◽

10.3233/ajw210002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 7-14

Author(s):

Irina Volkova ◽

Kseniia Pitulko ◽

Anzhelika Sergeeva ◽

Saida Pshidatok

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Tree Species ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Moscow Oblast ◽

Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽

Heat Damage ◽

Class 1 ◽

Local Weather ◽

Species Class

This work aims to study the effect of high temperatures and phytopathogenic bacteria on different types of trees in the forest shelterbelts. Therefore, in 2018, 17 tree species were studied from 50 sample sites in the Moscow oblast (Russia). Leaf scorching, diseases caused by phytopathogenic bacteria, and heat damage to the crowns were examined in 5224 tree species. Based on the degree of crown damage, the studied tree species were divided into four classes. It was found that the heat damage to tree crowns was identical between the three sampling aspects (correlation coefficient 0.99). The plant species composition must be considered when developing forest shelterbelts. A long-term forecast on structural changes of planted areas is possible, considering the species composition and climatic characteristics of the region. Class 5 includes only chestnut; class 4 includes three species; class 3 is represented by seven species. Class 2, includes six species, and is the most suitable in developing forest plantations. No tree species in class 1 were found (trees with no damage). There is a connection between pathologies and heat injuries in trees from classes 4 to 5 (correlation 0.89).

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