Analysis of Noncancer Health Risks Associated with Hazardous Air Pollutants

Risk Analysis ◽  
1991 ◽  
pp. 239-247
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Mohin ◽  
David E. Guinnup
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutants

scholarly journals Concentrations, health risks, and sources of hazardous air pollutants in Seoul-Incheon, a megacity area in Korea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Ji Kim ◽  
Kyung-Min Baek ◽  
Jong-Bae Heo ◽  
Jang-Pyo Cheong ◽  
Sung-Ok Baek
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutants ◽  
Heating Period ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

AbstractWe conducted ambient monitoring of various hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) for 2 years (2013-2015) in two adjacent Korean cities in a megacity area: Seoul and Incheon. Measured HAPs included volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and heavy metals (HMs). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the spatiotemporal variations of HAPs, to prioritize HAPs based on health risks, to identify sources using a receptor-based model, and to estimate source-specific risks. Overall, the HAP levels in Incheon were higher than those in Seoul. The concentrations of combustion-origin HAPs, such as PAHs and some HMs, were significantly higher during the heating period than during the non-heating period. However, most VOCs exhibited an opposite trend. Benzo[a]pyrene showed the highest cancer risk in both cities, followed by formaldehyde, arsenic, and benzene; trichloroethylene was the only species that exceeded the hazard quotient of 1. Cumulative cancer risks were 2.0 × 10-4 in Seoul and 2.7 × 10-4 in Incheon. Major sources and their contributions to each HAP concentration were estimated by positive matrix factorization modeling. Based on source-specific risk assessments, we suggest that both cities should give high priority to the control of traffic pollution and the supply of cleaner fuels in non-residential sectors. Reducing carbonyl concentrations in Seoul and industrial emissions in Incheon is also necessary. Establishing new ambient standards for benzo[a]pyrene and formaldehyde is worth considering as a long-term measure. This study provides scientific information on the occurrence, health risks, and sources of various HAPs in large urban areas.

Evaluating hazardous air pollutants in Australia

Toxicology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 181-182 ◽  
pp. 361-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L Hinwood ◽  
P.N Di Marco
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutants

scholarly journals Health risks of exposure to air pollutants among students in schools in the vicinities of coal mines

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1638-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adejoke C Olufemi ◽  
Andile Mji ◽  
Murembiwa S Mukhola
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Coal Mines

Removing NOx Pollution by Photocatalytic Building Materials in Real-Life: Evaluation of Existing Field Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernille D. Pedersen ◽  
Nina Lock ◽  
Henrik Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutants

: The NOx gasses (NO and NO2) are among the most important air pollutants, due to the toxicity of NO2, as well as the role of NOx in the tropospheric oxidation of Volatile Organic Carbons (VOCs), contributing to the formation of other hazardous air pollutants. Air pollution is one of the biggest health threats world-wide, hence reducing NOx levels is an important objective of the UN sustainable development goals, e.g. #3, “Good health and well-being” and #11 “Sustainable cities and communities”. Photocatalysis using TiO2 and light is a promising technique for removing NOx along with other pollutants, as demonstrated on laboratory scale. Furthermore, a long range of real-life test studies of varying scales have been conducted during the past two decades. The results of these studies have been conflicting, with some studies reporting no effect on the ambient air quality and others reporting significant reductions of NOx level. However, the studies are very difficult to compare and assess due to the very different approaches used, which consequently vary in quality. In this review, we aim to develop a set of objective evaluation criteria to assess the quality of the individual studies in order to simplify the interpretation and comparison of the existing studies. Moreover, we propose some guidelines for future test-studies. Furthermore, the approaches and main conclusions from 23 studies are independently assessed and discussed herein.

Formation and Removal Reactions of Hazardous Air Pollutants

Air & Waste ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan S. Kao
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutants
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