Cervical Spine and Neck Injuries

2015 ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Scott C. Wagner ◽  
Ronald A. Lehman
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Neck Injuries

Lumbar Spine Loads in Low- and Moderate-Speed Rear-End Collisions

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob L. Fisher ◽  
Robert T. Bove ◽  
Tara L. A. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Neck Injuries ◽  
Whiplash Injuries ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
System Integrity ◽  
Lower Neck

Much attention has been given to the motions of and the forces and moments exerted upon the cervical spine during rear-end collisions, often in the interest of understanding so-called whiplash injuries in low-speed collisions and serious or fatal neck injuries in higher speed collisions. In contrast, lumbar spine loads are seldom recorded in rear-end collisions. For example, it has become common to place instrumented anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) in vehicles during FMVSS 301 Fuel System Integrity rear-end impacts. Since the mid-1990s, upper neck loads have been measured during these tests, and, more recently, lower neck load data have been collected as well [1]. Lumbar spine loads, in contrast, are generally not recorded [1].

scholarly journals PRE-HOSPITAL FIRST AID: REAL RICK TO LIFE, WHICH CAN GIVE FATAL EXIT FOR A CHILD IN AN TRAFFIC ACCIDENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
S. A. Bulatov ◽  
A. M. Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Neck Injuries

The article discusses the problem of providing medical care at the prehospital stage for children who have become participants in a traffic accident. Neck injuries are one of the main causes of death. First aid should include mandatory immobilization of the cervical spine. It is recommended to include the collar-tires in the kit first aid kit (“car”).

scholarly journals Cervical Spine Assessment Techniques and Neck Strength Profiles of Elite Rugby Union Players Using an Innovative Measurement Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley McBride ◽  
Samuel W Oxford
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Load Cell ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Neck Injuries ◽  
Interclass Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Neck Strength ◽  
Measurement Approach

Objectives: Neck injuries and concussion commonly occur in the sport of Rugby Union. This study analyses the current practices of medical staff in assessment of the neck and proposes a new position-specific method using a commercially available setup for the assessment of neck strength. Methods: A survey was employed and distributed to 40 Premiership and Championship Rugby Union clubs. Thirty-eight University students (18 males and 20 females) were tested on two occasions at least 72hrs apart to determine reliability and 131 elite Rugby Union players (forwards n = 82, backs n = 49) were tested on a single occasion. Isometric neck strength was measured using a commercially available rig and digital load cell, for flexion (Flex), extension (Ext), left side flexion (LSF) and right-side flexion (RSF). Peak of three trials for each position was used for statistical analysis. Results: Survey findings indicated no standard practice used in the assessment of the neck across the professional teams. Intra-rater reliability interclass correlation values > 0.924 when using peak neck strength across all directions, thus indicating excellent reliability. Forwards recorded significantly greater absolute values for cervical spine strength across all directions (p < 0.01) however, relative values showed no significant difference between players (p > 0.05) Conclusion: The results show that the commercially available rig and digital load cell are a reliable tool for the assessment of isometric strength of the cervical spine and provide reference values for healthy males as well as elite Rugby Union forwards and backs.

A novel Cervical Spine Protection device for reducing neck injuries in contact sports: design concepts and preliminary in vivo testing

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Caravaggi ◽  
Alberto Leardini ◽  
Claudio Belvedere ◽  
Sorin Siegler
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Neck Injuries ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
In Vivo Testing

scholarly journals Fatal head and neck injuries in military underbody blast casualties

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K Stewart ◽  
A P Pearce ◽  
Jon C Clasper
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Spine Fractures ◽  
Skull Fractures ◽  
Neck Injuries ◽  
Skull Vault ◽  
Base Of Skull ◽  
Cervical Spine Fractures

IntroductionDeath as a consequence of underbody blast (UBB) can most commonly be attributed to central nervous system injury. UBB may be considered a form of tertiary blast injury but is at a higher rate and somewhat more predictable than injury caused by more classical forms of tertiary injury. Recent studies have focused on the transmission of axial load through the cervical spine with clinically relevant injury caused by resultant compression and flexion. This paper seeks to clarify the pattern of head and neck injuries in fatal UBB incidents using a pragmatic anatomical classification.MethodsThis retrospective study investigated fatal UBB incidents in UK triservice members during recent operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. Head and neck injuries were classified by anatomical site into: skull vault fractures, parenchymal brain injuries, base of skull fractures, brain stem injuries and cervical spine fractures. Incidence of all injuries and of each injury type in isolation was compared.Results129 fatalities as a consequence of UBB were identified of whom 94 sustained head or neck injuries. 87 casualties had injuries amenable to analysis. Parenchymal brain injuries (75%) occurred most commonly followed by skull vault (55%) and base of skull fractures (32%). Cervical spine fractures occurred in only 18% of casualties. 62% of casualties had multiple sites of injury with only one casualty sustaining an isolated cervical spine fracture.ConclusionImprovement of UBB survivability requires the understanding of fatal injury mechanisms. Although previous biomechanical studies have concentrated on the effect of axial load transmission and resultant injury to the cervical spine, our work demonstrates that cervical spine injuries are of limited clinical relevance for UBB survivability and that research should focus on severe brain injury secondary to direct head impact.

Can a Single Lateral Cervical Spine Radiograph Diagnose Traumatic Neck Injuries in Children?

2018 ◽  
Vol 227 (4) ◽  
pp. e230
Author(s):  
Erika B. Lindholm ◽  
Archana Malik ◽  
Tara Mamdouhi ◽  
Lauren Alper ◽  
Teerin Meckmongkol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Neck Injuries ◽  
Spine Radiograph ◽  
Cervical Spine Radiograph

Osteomyelitis of the Cervical Spine After Neck Injuries

1972 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Altman ◽  
H. Z. Joachims
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Neck Injuries

Cervical injuries suffered in automobile crashes

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald F. Huelke ◽  
James O'Day ◽  
Robert A. Mendelsohn
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Neck Injuries ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cervical Spine Injuries ◽  
Cervical Injuries

✓ The National Crash Severity Study data in which occupants sustained severe, serious, critical-to-life, or fatal cervical injuries were reviewed. Of passenger cars damaged severely enough to be towed from the scene, it is estimated that one in 300 occupants sustained a neck injury of a severe nature. The neck-injury rate rose to one in 14 occupants for those ejected from their cars, although many of these injuries resulted from contacts within the car before or during the process of ejection. Severe neck injuries were rather rare in cars struck in the rear, but were more common in frontal and side impacts. Occupants between 16 and 25 years of age had such injuries more than twice as often as those in any other age group. Most of the neck injuries of a more severe nature involved the cervical spine or spinal cord. Injuries of the anterior aspect of the neck were relatively infrequent, and usually resulted from direct blunt impacts. National projections of the number of fatalities related to cervical injuries indicates that 5940 deaths, or approximately 20% of all in-car deaths, include fatal cervical spine injuries, and that about 500 cases of quadriplegia per year result from automobile accidents.

Head and Neck Injuries from Rock Climbing: A Query of the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
David W. Chou ◽  
Rijul Kshirsagar ◽  
Jonathan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Soft Tissue Injury ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Neck Injuries ◽  
Facial Fracture

Objective: We describe the incidence and characteristics of patients with head and neck injuries from rock climbing who present to United States emergency departments and evaluate predictors of hospitalization. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried for rock climbing injuries to the head, face, mouth, neck, and ear under product code “mountain climbing” from the years 2009 to 2018. Demographics, injury characteristics, and disposition data were reviewed. Data were evaluated using chi-square analysis with Cochran-Mantel-Haenszal odds ratios (ORs). Results: An estimated 5067 patients (from 129 raw NEISS case numbers) suffered head and neck injuries from rock climbing nationally from 2009 to 2018. Concussion/closed head injury was the most common injury (44%), followed by laceration (23%), soft tissue injury (15%), neck strain/sprain (6%), skull fracture (3%), facial fracture (3%), intracranial hemorrhage (3%), cervical spine fracture (2%), unspecified facial trauma (1%), and dental trauma (0.3%). Males more frequently suffered lacerations (OR 1.6), soft tissue injuries (OR 23.3), cervical spine fractures (OR 336.7), intracranial hemorrhage (OR 582.0), and skull fractures (OR 6.2) than females. Compared to shorter falls, falls over 20 ft were more commonly associated with laceration (OR 2.0), soft tissue injury (OR 3.5), facial fracture (OR 7.5), dental trauma (OR 6.6), intracranial hemorrhage (OR 951.8), skull fracture (OR 81.2), and hospitalization (OR 3.8). Injuries associated with hospitalization included facial fracture (OR 23.7), cervical spine fracture (OR 24.6), intracranial hemorrhage (OR 2210.2), and skull fracture (OR 9.8). Conclusions: Concussions and facial lacerations are the most common head and neck injuries from rock climbing. Males more commonly suffer severe injuries. Falls over 20 ft are associated with more severe injuries and an increased likelihood of hospitalization.

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