Mitochondrial Stress Tests Using Seahorse Respirometry on Intact Dictyostelium discoideum Cells

2016 ◽  
pp. 41-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sui Lay ◽  
Oana Sanislav ◽  
Sarah J. Annesley ◽  
Paul R. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Mitochondrial Stress

scholarly journals OCR-Stats: Robust estimation and statistical testing of mitochondrial respiration activities using Seahorse XF Analyzer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente A. Yépez ◽  
Laura S. Kremer ◽  
Arcangela Iuso ◽  
Mirjana Gušić ◽  
Robert Kopajtich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Mitochondrial Stress ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Outlier Data ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Accurate Quantification

AbstractAccurate quantification of cellular and mitochondrial bioenergetic activity is of great interest in medicine and biology. Mitochondrial stress tests performed with Seahorse Bioscience XF Analyzers allow estimating different bioenergetic measures by monitoring oxygen consumption rates (OCR) of living cells in multi-well plates. However, studies of statistical best practices for determining OCR measurements and comparisons have been lacking so far. Therefore, we performed mitochondrial stress tests in 126 96-well plates involving 203 fibroblast cell lines to understand how OCR behaves across different biosamples, wells, and plates. We show that the noise of OCR is multiplicative, that outlier data points can concern individual measurements or all measurements of a well, and that the inter-plate variation is greater than intra-plate variation. Based on these insights, we developed a novel statistical method, OCR-Stats, that: i) robustly estimates OCR levels modeling multiplicative noise and automatically identifying outlier data points and outlier wells; and ii) performs statistical testing between samples, taking into account the different magnitudes of the between- and within-plates variations. This led to a significant reduction of the coefficient of variation across plates of basal respiration by 36% and of maximal respiration by 32%. Moreover, using positive and negative controls, we show that our statistical test outperforms existing methods, which either suffer from an excess of false positives (within-plates methods), or of false negatives (between-plates methods). Altogether, the aim of this study is to propose statistical good practices to support experimentalists in designing, analyzing, testing and reporting results of mitochondrial stress tests using this high throughput platform.

Algorithms Could Replace Stress Tests

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (13) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
SHERRY BOSCHERT
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tests

Stress Tests in Banking – main theoretical and practical aspects

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. Piotr Masiukiewicz ◽  
◽  
Paweł Dec Paweł Dec
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tests

Characterization of CMOS Structures (0.6 µm process) Submitted to HBM and COM ESD Stress Tests

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Meneghesso ◽  
E. Zanoni ◽  
P. Colombo ◽  
M. Brambilla ◽  
R. Annunziata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrostatic Discharge ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Emission Microscopy ◽  
Fast Rise ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract In this work, we present new results concerning electrostatic discharge (ESD) robustness of 0.6 μm CMOS structures. Devices have been tested according to both HBM and socketed CDM (sCDM) ESD test procedures. Test structures have been submitted to a complete characterization consisting in: 1) measurement of the tum-on time of the protection structures submitted to pulses with very fast rise times; 2) ESD stress test with the HBM and sCDM models; 3) failure analysis based on emission microscopy (EMMI) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

The Investigation of Fluorine Induced Novel Probe Marker Discoloration

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.F. Hsieh ◽  
Henry Lin ◽  
Vincent Chen ◽  
Irene Ou ◽  
Y.S. Lou
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Automated Inspection ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Auger Analysis ◽  
Corrosion Film ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
Thickness Variations ◽  
One Year

Abstract This paper describes the investigation of donut-shaped probe marker discolorations found on Al bondpads. Based on SEM/EDS, TEM/EELS, and Auger analysis, the corrosion product is a combination of aluminum, fluorine, and oxygen, implying that the discolorations are due to the presence of fluorine. Highly accelerated stress tests simulating one year of storage in air resulted in no new or worsening discolorations in the affected chips. In order to identify the exact cause of the fluorine-induced corrosion, the authors developed an automated inspection system that scans an entire wafer, recording and quantifying image contrast and brightness variations associated with discolorations. Dark field TEM images reveal thickness variations of up to 5 nm in the corrosion film, and EELS line scan data show the corresponding compositional distributions. The findings indicate that fluorine-containing gases used in upstream processes leave residues behind that are driven in to the Al bondpads by probe-tip forces and activated by the electric field generated during CP testing. The knowledge acquired has proven helpful in managing the problem.

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