Subsistence, Sedentism, and Social Complexity among Jomon Hunter-Gatherers of the Japanese Archipelago

2017 ◽  
pp. 437-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Matsumoto ◽  
Junko Habu ◽  
Akira Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Social Complexity ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago

scholarly journals Population dynamics in the Japanese Archipelago since the Pleistocene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuzuki Mizuno ◽  
Jun Gojobori ◽  
Masahiko Kumagai ◽  
Hisao Baba ◽  
Yasuhiro Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic History ◽  
Cultural Transition ◽  
Rice Agriculture ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Mitogenome Sequence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complete Mitogenome ◽  
Genetic Continuity ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago

Abstract The Japanese Archipelago is widely covered with acidic soil made of volcanic ash, an environment which is detrimental to the preservation of ancient biomolecules. More than 10,000 Palaeolithic and Neolithic sites have been discovered nationwide, but few skeletal remains exist and preservation of DNA is poor. Despite these challenging circumstances, we succeeded in obtaining a complete mitogenome sequence from Palaeolithic human remains. We also obtained those of Neolithic (hunting-gathering Jomon and the farming Yayoi cultures) remains, and over 2,000 present-day Japanese. The Palaeolithic mitogenome is potentially an ancestral type of haplogroup M, suggesting it is not only connected to present-day Japanese but also present-day East Asians. There were no changes in the gene pool from the hunting-gathering (Jomon) to the farming cultures (Yayoi), and this is different from in Europe, where there was no genetic continuity between hunter-gatherers and farmers. We also found that a vast increase of population size happened and has continued since the Yayoi period, characterized with paddy rice farming. It means that the cultural transition, i.e. rice agriculture, had significant impact on the demographic history of Japanese population.

scholarly journals Early Grain Cultivation and Starting Processes in the Japanese Archipelago

Quaternary ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Shin’ichiro Fujio
Keyword(s):  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Relationship

This paper presents a specific examination of the introduction of grain cultivation and the processes of development in the Japanese Archipelago. In fact, no definitive archaeological evidence has been found that Jomon hunter–gatherers cultivated grain in the Japanese Archipelago; the earliest potential evidence of grain is a stamp mark of rice on the surface of a final late-Jomon, in about 11th century BC, pottery found at the Itaya 3 site in Shimane Prefecture. Current evidence indicates that the first grain cultivation was started by Jomon people who adopted irrigated wet rice cultivation that had arrived from the Korean Peninsula to northern parts of Kyushu, and gradually spread eastward thereafter. This study specifically examines four regions, including northern Kyushu, Kinki, southern Kanto, and northern Tohoku, in order to investigate the processes of grain cultivation initiation and spread. First, the years during which wet rice cultivation started in each region are estimated based on carbon-14 dating of earthenware types used during that period. Secondly, the timing of the spread of wet rice cultivation has been estimated based on carbon-14 dating of earthenware. Subsequently, differences in the periods between the initiation and dissemination of wet rice cultivation were estimated. Results suggest that dissemination took place over approximately 250 years in northern Kyushu, where wet rice cultivation first started. The time required for adoption decreased gradually as the trend moved eastward. It was estimated to have taken approximately 150 years in Kinki and 20–30 years in southern Kanto, taking place at about the same time. A factor, significantly contributing to such differences in timing and development processes among regions, was likely the relationship between the first farmers who introduced wet rice farming and the indigenous hunter–gatherers who lived there.

Origin and formation of Yaponesians based on genome sequences

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (7) ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
Naruya Saitou
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Broad Term ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Ebb And Flow ◽  
National Institute Of Genetics

The ebb and flow of human migration across the planet can nowadays be probed with advanced archaeology, linguistics, anthropology and genomics. Together, these can provide a convincing picture of the various divergences and convergences of different human populations across vast areas. It is now possible to better understand how, why and where a particular group or society arose. Professor Naruya Saitou of the Population Genetics Laboratory at the National Institute of Genetics in Mishima has dedicated his career to the synthesis of these disciplines. The current focus of his research is on understanding the origins and formation of the Yaponesian people. This broad term was coined by writer Toshio Shimao in 1960s to encompass the diverse peoples of the Japanese Archipelago over its many thousands of years of inhabitation. Saitou's research is helping to uncover Japan's ancient past.

Geographical variation in the cranial and external characters of the little tube-nosed bat,Murina silvatica in the Japanese archipelago

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Fukui ◽  
Kishio Maeda ◽  
David A. Hill ◽  
Sumiko Matsumura ◽  
Naoki Agetsuma
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago

Morphometric studies of polyploid Cardamine species (Brassicaceae) from Japan: solving a long-standing taxonomic and nomenclatural controversy

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judita Lihová ◽  
Hiroshi Kudoh ◽  
Karol Marhold
Keyword(s):  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanism ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago

Polyploidy is an important evolutionary mechanism and speciation mode in plants; however, delimitation of species boundaries in polyploid complexes is often a difficult task. In the present paper, we explore morphological variation in a group of East Asian Cardamine polyploids that have long been shrouded in taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. We relate the present morphometric data of 41 sampled populations with recently published ploidy-level data, and propose a revised taxonomic treatment, including the designation of several lectotypes. The following species are recognised in Japan: C. schinziana O.E.Schulz (2n = 6x, 8x), C. torrentis Nakai (2n = 8x), C. valida (Takeda) Nakai (2n = 4x) and C. yezoensis Maxim. (2n = 6x−12x). C. amariformis Nakai (2n = 4x) from Korea is also discussed, although it may be conspecific with C. valida, pending further studies. Distribution of these taxa in the Japanese Archipelago is characterised, including comments on their occurrence outside of Japan.

Introduction of domestic animals to the Japanese archipelago

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Hongo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Chinese Continent ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago ◽  
Textual Records

Zooarchaeological and molecular biological studies indicate that all domestic animals found in Japan were introduced and local domestication of wild boar and wolf is unlikely. Timing of introduction and husbandry practice for dog, pig, horse, cattle, and chicken are discussed. These main domestic species were introduced from the Chinese continent in prehistoric times, probably via the Korean peninsula. Meat of domestic animals and dairy products were not a major part of the diet until the twentieth century ad, partly because of the Buddhist prohibition of the consumption of animal meat. Zooarchaeological data from the Yayoi and Kofun period sites as well as the historical era have been gradually accumulating, helping the interpretation of textual records as well as supplementing them.

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