Micropropagation and In Vitro Conservation of Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews)

Author(s):  
Minoo Divakaran ◽  
K. Nirmal Babu
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin OZUDOGRU ◽  
Diogo Pedrosa Corrêa Da SILVA ◽  
Ergun KAYA ◽  
Giuliano DRADI ◽  
Renato PAIVA ◽  
...  

The study focused on an economically-important ornamental outdoor shrub, Nandina domestica, with the aims to (i) optimize an effective in vitro conservation method, and (ii) develop a cryopreservation protocol for shoot tips by the PVS2 vitrification and droplet-vitrification techniques. For in vitro conservation of shoot cultures, the tested parameters were sucrose content in the storage medium (30, 45, 60 g/L) and storage temperature (4 °C or 8 °C). Cryopreservation was performed by applying the PVS2 vitrification solution, in 2-ml cryovials or in drops over aluminum foil strips, for 15, 30, 60 or 90 min at 0 °C, followed by the direct immersion in liquid nitrogen of shoot tips. Results show that N. domestica shoots can be conserved successfully for 6 months at both the temperatures tested, especially when 60 g/L sucrose is used in the storage medium. However, conservation at 4 °C showed to be more appropriate, as hyperhydricity was observed in post-conservation of shoots coming from storage at 8 °C. As for cryopreservation, a daily gradual increase of sucrose concentration (from 0.25 to 1.0 M) produced better protection to the samples that were stored in liquid nitrogen. Indeed, with this sucrose treatment method, a 30-min PVS2 incubation time was enough to produce, 60 days after thawing, the best recovery (47% and 50%) of shoot tips, cryopreserved with PVS2 vitrification and droplet-vitrification, respectively.


2014 ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinmei Zhang ◽  
Xia Xin ◽  
Guangkun Yin ◽  
Xinxiong Lu ◽  
Xiaoling Chen

2013 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharrine Omari Domingues de Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Meneses Sayd ◽  
Talita Aparecida Balzon ◽  
Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (39) ◽  
pp. 1241-1246
Author(s):  
Sidek Noorhazira ◽  
Shafinaz Mohd Anuar Nuraini ◽  
Naher Laila ◽  
Azmi Mu’azzam Abdul Rahman Kharul

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
MESAK TOMBE ◽  
DARMAWAN PANGERAN ◽  
TRI SAPTARI HARYANI

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Busuk batang vanili (BBV) yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium<br />oxysporum f.sp. vanillae (Fov) merupakan patogen penting pada vanili dan<br />menyebabkan kerugian besar setiap tahunnya di Indonesia. Jumlah<br />kerugian diperkirakan sebesar 3.000 ton atau sekitar US$ 16 juta.<br />Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium dan rumah kaca Kelti Hama dan<br />Penyakit, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor pada bulan<br />Februari 2010 sampai Agustus 2010. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk<br />mengetahui pengaruh formula dengan bahan aktif minyak cengkeh dan<br />serai wangi terhadap penyakit BBV dan dampaknya terhadap kehidupan<br />mikroorganisme tanah. Dalam pelaksanaannya, kegiatan penelitian dilaku-<br />kan dalam 3 tahap yaitu : (1) uji formula in vitro, (2) uji formula in vivo,<br />dan (3) uji dampak formula terhadap mikroorganisme tanah. Percobaan<br />tahap 1, 2, dan 3 masing-masing terdiri atas 10, 6, dan 6 perlakuan,<br />dan.masing-masing disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan<br />3 ulangan. Materi yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) formula<br />dengan bahan aktif minyak cengkeh (formula standar), (2) formula dengan<br />bahan aktif minyak cengkeh dan serai wangi (formula baru), dan (3)<br />fungisida sintetis berbahan aktif mankozeb sebagai pembanding. Hasil uji<br />in vitro menunjukkan bahwa fungisida nabati CS (minyak cengkeh + serai<br />wangi) pada ke 3 tingkatan konsentrasi (terutama konsentrasi 400 ppm)<br />memperlihatkan efektivitas yang tinggi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan<br />miselium dan produksi spora patogen Fov.F117 dibandingkan perlakuan<br />lain dan kontrol. Hasil uji in vivo menunjukkan hal yang sama bahwa<br />fungisida nabati CS memperlihatkan efektivitas yang tinggi dalam<br />menekan intensitas serangan patogen BBV, terutama pada dosis aplikasi 5<br />ml/l. Dampak perlakuan terhadap kehidupan mikroorganisme tanah (fungi<br />dan bakteri) memperlihatkan bahwa penggunaan fungisida sintetis<br />mankozeb menghambat kehidupan mikroorganisme tanah 90-100% jika<br />dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Populasi mikroorganisme tanah pada semua<br />perlakuan fungisida nabati lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan fungisida<br />mankozeb. Populasi mikroorganisme pada aplikasi fungisida nabati pada<br />dosis 5 ml/l tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Penelitian ini<br />menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan fungisida nabati minyak cengkeh<br />terutama jika dikombinasikan dengan minyak serai wangi mempunyai<br />prospek untuk digunakan dalam pengendalian penyakit BBV dengan<br />interval aplikasi 3-4 minggu sekali.<br />Kata kunci : Vanilla planifolia, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp, vanillae, busuk<br />batang vanili, minyak cengkeh, minyak serai wangi</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Vanilla stem rot (VSR) disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.<br />vanillae (Fov) is an important disease on vanilla and causes severe loss<br />annually in Indonesia. The total annual loss in production due to the VSR<br />was estimated to be 3,000 ton or about US$ 16 million. This research was<br />carried out in the laboratory and green house of Pest and Disease of<br />Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Crops, Bogor from February<br />2010 until August 2010. The objective of this research was to study the<br />effect of formula using active compounds of clove and citronella oils on<br />the VSR disease and its impact on the survival of soil microorganisms.<br />The research activities were conducted in three stages, namely (1) in vitro<br />formula test; (2) in vivo formula test, and (3) impact test of formula on the<br />soil microorganisms. Materials studied in this research were (1) formula<br />with active compound of clove oil (standard), (2) formula with active<br />compound of clove and citronella oils (new formula), and (3) synthetic<br />fungicide with mancozeb active ingredient as comparison. Every phase of<br />this 3 stage experiment was arranged using completely randomized design<br />with three replicates. First, second, and third phases of the experiment<br />consisted of 10, 6, and 6 treatments, respectively. In vitro test results<br />carried out in the laboratory indicated that botanical formula CS (clove and<br />citronella oils of the three concentration levels, especially on the 400 ppm)<br />showed high effectiveness on inhibiting mycelium growth and spore<br />production of Fov.F117 pathogen compared to other treatments and<br />control. In vivo test in the green house indicated the same result that<br />botanical fungicide CS (clove dan citronella oils) showed high<br />effectiveness in suppressing VSR disease infection intensity, especially on<br />5 ml/l dosage. Application of mancozeb synthetic fungicide inhibited 90 –<br />100% soil microorganism livelihood compared to control. However, the<br />soil microorganism population on all botanical fungicides was higher than<br />on mancozeb fungicide. The microorganism population on the botanical<br />fungicide of 5 ml/l dosage was not significantly different from the control<br />(natural soil with no treatment). This research indicates that aplication of<br />botanical fungicide (combination between clove and citronella oils) with<br />3 - 4 weeks interval is prospectous to control VSR disease.<br />Key words : Vanilla planifolia, Fusarium oxysporum, f.sp. vanillae,<br />vanilla stem rot, clove oil, citronella oil</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
MKR Bhuiyan ◽  
MJ Hossain ◽  
MM Haque

In vitro conservation of germplasm plays a vital role in maintenance breeding and also has many advantages over the conventional system. The experimental results for conservation of Colocasia sp. also proved this. In relation to explants and osmoticum, meristem and axillary bud could be conserved for 24 months while meristem-base died after 6 months. Mannitol as osmoticum @ 4% performed nicely to conserve Colocasia upto 24 months. Only meristem and axillary bud could be conserved for 24 months with the use of 4 % mannitol. But other level of mannitol remained culture alive for varying periods (6 to 12 months). After 24 months, the plant height was 6.5 cm for the meristem and 6.4 for axillary bud.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(1): 67-74, March 2016


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