Deep Imitation Learning: The Impact of Depth on Policy Performance

2018 ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parham M. Kebria ◽  
Abbas Khosravi ◽  
Syed Moshfeq Salaken ◽  
Ibrahim Hossain ◽  
H. M. Dipu Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imitation Learning ◽  
Policy Performance ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Predictive and Reactive Distribution of Vaccines and Antivirals during Cross-Regional Pandemic Outbreaks

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Andrés Uribe-Sánchez ◽  
Alex Savachkin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Policy Performance ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Myopic Policy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effective Distribution

As recently pointed out by the Institute of Medicine, the existing pandemic mitigation models lack the dynamic decision support capability. We develop a large-scale simulation-driven optimization model for generating dynamic predictive distribution of vaccines and antivirals over a network of regional pandemic outbreaks. The model incorporates measures of morbidity, mortality, and social distancing, translated into the cost of lost productivity and medical expenses. The performance of the strategy is compared to that of the reactive myopic policy, using a sample outbreak in Fla, USA, with an affected population of over four millions. The comparison is implemented at different levels of vaccine and antiviral availability and administration capacity. Sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the impact of variability of some critical factors on policy performance. The model is intended to support public health policy making for effective distribution of limited mitigation resources.

4. Germany: In Search of a New Balance

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timm Beichelt
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
European Union Member State ◽  
Policy Performance ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines Germany’s profile as a European Union member state. It first provides an overview of Germany’s trajectory during the history of European integration before analysing the patterns of Germany–EU relations. It then uses the comparative politics paradigm by considering public opinion on Europe, the European dimension of party politics, and the Federal Republic’s major political institutions and their role in European policy. It also discusses Germany’s policy performance as an EU member state, along with the impact of EU membership on German political parties. The chapter shows that, within the framework of international politics, Germany has ceded much of its sovereignty and become ever more integrated into European and transatlantic frameworks. At the same time, German interests in the areas of international security and socioeconomic development have benefited significantly from European integration.

Political Institutions and Policy Performance: A Comparative Analysis of Central and Eastern Europe

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
DETLEF JAHN ◽  
FERDINAND MÜLLER-ROMMEL
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Policy Performance ◽  
International Pressure ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of political institutions on policy performance has been a major research question in studies of advanced democracies. This study analyzes the effects of institutions and political actors on economic, social and environmental policies in ten Central Eastern European countries from 1995 to 2004. Using time-series-cross section (TSCS) regression analysis, this study shows that the impact of institutional veto players on policy output is more significant than international pressure. Moreover, the communist legacy has a much higher effect on policy output than expected.

scholarly journals Impact of Institutional Rules on Policy Performance

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Do Phu Hai
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Political System ◽  
Policy Science ◽  
The Political ◽  
Institutional Rules ◽  
Policy Performance ◽  
Policy Fields ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this research is to evaluate the impact of institutional rules on policy performance based on the background of public policy science. The policy performance is possibly affected by the institutional rules of the political system in certain policy fields. The focus of this article is to analyse the interaction of institutional rules which was observed in EU and OECD states with specific elements of the political system. The research was done by the minimum configuration analysis of these restraint impact of institutional rules on policy performance to toward sustainable development which is interpreted by studying 16 policy fields grouping regarding economic, social and environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals Review of Learning-Based Longitudinal Motion Planning for Autonomous Vehicles: Research Gaps Between Self-Driving and Traffic Congestion

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110357
Author(s):  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Jorge Laval ◽  
Anye Zhou ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Wenchao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Planning ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Imitation Learning ◽  
Longitudinal Motion ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Congestion Mitigation ◽  
The Impact

Self-driving technology companies and the research community are accelerating the pace of use of machine learning longitudinal motion planning (mMP) for autonomous vehicles (AVs). This paper reviews the current state of the art in mMP, with an exclusive focus on its impact on traffic congestion. The paper identifies the availability of congestion scenarios in current datasets, and summarizes the required features for training mMP. For learning methods, the major methods in both imitation learning and non-imitation learning are surveyed. The emerging technologies adopted by some leading AV companies, such as Tesla, Waymo, and Comma.ai, are also highlighted. It is found that: (i) the AV industry has been mostly focusing on the long tail problem related to safety and has overlooked the impact on traffic congestion, (ii) the current public self-driving datasets have not included enough congestion scenarios, and mostly lack the necessary input features/output labels to train mMP, and (iii) although the reinforcement learning approach can integrate congestion mitigation into the learning goal, the major mMP method adopted by industry is still behavior cloning, whose capability to learn a congestion-mitigating mMP remains to be seen. Based on the review, the study identifies the research gaps in current mMP development. Some suggestions for congestion mitigation for future mMP studies are proposed: (i) enrich data collection to facilitate the congestion learning, (ii) incorporate non-imitation learning methods to combine traffic efficiency into a safety-oriented technical route, and (iii) integrate domain knowledge from the traditional car-following theory to improve the string stability of mMP.

scholarly journals A Study on the Utilization Factors and Effects of Big Data in SMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-766
Author(s):  
Do-Hyung Yee Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Data Utilization ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Policy Performance ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to derive major utilization factors that can increase the practical data utilization ability of SMEs by utilizing big data, and examine the utilization methods and effects. Methods/Statistical analysis: This study derives the utilization factors and effects of organizational, technical, environmental, and policy aspects so that SMEs can increase their data utilization capabilities. The target was for SME managers or members.  Frequency analysis was conducted to understand the distribution by demographic characteristics, and the relationship between factors and effects was measured through factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis for the measured variables. Findings: Perform regression to analyze the impact, utilization, and impact of independent variables on technology, organizational gender, environment, and policy performance as dependent variables Durbin-Watson's index was below 2.1 and self-relevant and had the power to explain the impact of independent variables such as organizational gender, technology, environment, and policy on utilization.  In terms of application, it was found that the use of big data had an effect on education and human resource development rather than the perception of managers and members. Therefore, it was found that education related to big data and in-house experts were recognized as necessary. On the effective side, it was found that the perception of managers and employees influenced. It was found that corporate members thought that when promoting big data, promoting it with the strong will of the manager is an effective aspect for using big data. Improvements/Applications: If you possess the infrastructure and knowledge in the company, and improve the system with the support of members, it will be an opportunity to increase the utilization of it

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

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