Characterization of Self-Healing Phenomena on Micro- and Nanoscale Level

Steel slag is the by-product of the steelmaking industry, the negative influences of which prompt more investigation into the recycling methods of steel slag. The purpose of this study is to characterize steel slag filler and study its feasibility of replacing limestone filler in asphalt concrete by evaluating the resistance of asphalt mastic under various aging methods. Firstly, steel slag filler, limestone filler, virgin asphalt, steel slag filler asphalt mastic and limestone filler asphalt mastic were prepared. Subsequently, particle size distribution, surface characterization and pore characterization of the fillers were evaluated. Finally, rheological property, self-healing property and chemical functional groups of the asphalt mastics with various aging methods were tested via dynamic shear rheometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The results show that there are similar particle size distributions, however, different surface characterization and pore characterization in the fillers. The analysis to asphalt mastics demonstrates how the addition of steel slag filler contributes to the resistance of asphalt mastic under the environment of acid and alkaline but is harmful under UV radiation especially. In addition, the pore structure in steel slag filler should be a potential explanation for the changing resistance of the asphalt mastics. In conclusion, steel slag filler is suggested to replace limestone filler under the environment of acid and alkaline, and environmental factor should be taken into consideration when steel slag filler is applied to replace natural fillers in asphalt mastic.

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Preparation and characterization of double network hydrogel with high-strength and self-healing

Materials Today Communications ◽

10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102450 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102450

Author(s):

Shubin Li ◽

Xiao Wang ◽

Jiang Zhu ◽

Zhenyu Wang ◽

Lu Wang

Keyword(s):

High Strength ◽

Self Healing ◽

Double Network

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Acoustic characterization of damage and healing of microencapsulation-based self-healing cement matrices

Cement and Concrete Composites ◽

10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.08.013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 48-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Wenting Li ◽

Zhengwu Jiang ◽

Zhenghong Yang

Keyword(s):

Self Healing ◽

Acoustic Characterization ◽

Cement Matrices

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Self-healing property characterization of reversible thermoset coatings

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry ◽

10.1007/s10973-011-1381-4 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 105 (3) ◽

pp. 805-809 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

G. Scheltjens ◽

J. Brancart ◽

I. De Graeve ◽

B. Van Mele ◽

H. Terryn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Self Healing ◽

Healing Property ◽

Property Characterization

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Characterization of polymer capsules used for self-healing asphalt pavements

Functional Pavement Design ◽

10.1201/9781315643274-129 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1167-1174 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Al-Mansoori ◽

R. Micaelo ◽

A. Garcia

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Pavements ◽

Self Healing

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Mechanics of nickel–titanium shape memory alloys undergoing partially constrained recovery for self-healing materials

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures ◽

10.1177/1045389x18781260 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (15) ◽

pp. 3025-3036 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nathan Salowitz ◽

Ameralys Correa ◽

Trishika Santebennur ◽

Afsaneh Dorri Moghadam ◽

Xiaojun Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shape Memory Alloys ◽

Shape Memory ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Self Healing ◽

Bonding Agents ◽

Compressive Loads ◽

Martensitic State ◽

Geometric Changes ◽

Shape Memory Fibers

Engineered self-healing materials seek to create an innate ability for materials to restore mechanical strength after incurring damage, much like biological organisms. This technology will enable the design of structures that can withstand their everyday use without damage but also recover from damage due to an overload incident. One of the primary mechanisms for self-healing is the incorporation of shape memory fibers in a composite type structure. Upon activation, these shape memory fibers can restore geometric changes caused by damage and close fractures. To date, shape memory–based self-healing, without bonding agents, has been limited to geometric restoration without creating a capability to withstand externally applied tensile loads due to the way the shape memory material has been integrated into the composite. Some form of bonding has been necessary for self-healing materials to resist an externally applied load after healing. This article presents results of new study into using a form of constrained recovery of nickel–titanium shape memory alloys in self-healing materials to create residual compressive loads across fractures in the low temperature martensitic state. Analysis is presented relating internal loads in self-healing materials, potentially generated by shape memory alloys, to the capability to resist externally applied loads. Supporting properties were experimentally characterized in nickel–titanium shape memory alloy wires. Finally, self-healing samples were synthesized and tested demonstrating the ability to resist externally applies loads without bonding. This study provides a new useful characterization of nickel–titanium applicable to self-healing structures and opens the door to new forms of healing like incorporation of pressure-based bonding.

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Characterization of polyvinyl alcohol-borax/agarose (PVA-B/AG) double network hydrogel utilized for the cleaning of works of art

10.21203/rs.3.rs-48527/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ehab Awad Al-Emam ◽

Hilde Soenen ◽

Joost Caen ◽

Koen Janssens

Keyword(s):

Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽

Self Healing ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Structured Surfaces ◽

Double Network ◽

Liquid Retention ◽

Long Time ◽

Cleaning Procedures ◽

Phase Retention

Abstract Since cleaning of artworks may cause undesirable physicochemical alterations and is a nonreversible procedure, it is mandatory to adopt the proper cleaning procedure. Such a procedure should remove undesired materials whilst preserving the original surface. In this regard, numerous gels have been developed and exploited for the cleaning of various artwork surfaces. Lately, agarose (AG) and polyvinyl alcohol-borax (PVA-B) hydrogels have been widely employed as cleaning tools by conservators. Both hydrogels show some limitations in specific cleaning practices. In this work, we investigated the influence of including increased levels of agarose into PVA-B systems. For this reason, we performed a detailed characterization on the double network (DN) hydrogel including the chemical structure, the liquid phase retention, the rheological behavior, and the self-healing behavior of various PVA-B/AG double network hydrogels. These new hydrogels revealed better properties than PVA-B hydrogels and obviated their limitations. The inclusion of AG into PVA-B systems enhanced the liquid retention capacity, shape-stability, and mechanical strength of the blend. Furthermore, AG minimized the expelling/syneresis issue that occurs when loading PVA-B systems with low polarity solvents or chelating agents. The resultant double network hydrogel exhibits relevant self-healing properties. The PVA-B/AG double network is a new and useful cleaning tool that can be added to the conservators’ tool-kit. It is ideal for cleaning procedures dealing with porous and complex structured surfaces, vertical surfaces and for long time applications.

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