Artificial Oocyte and Artificial Ovary Development

AbstractOvary development is an important determinant of the procreative capacity of female animals. Here, we performed genome-wide sequencing of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs on ovaries of 1, 3 and 8 months old Hu sheep to assess their expression profiles and roles in ovarian development. We identified 37,309 lncRNAs, 45,404 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and 330 novel micro RNAs (miRNAs) from the transcriptomic analysis. Six thousand, seven hundred and sixteen (6716) mRNAs and 1972 lncRNAs were significantly and differentially expressed in ovaries of 1 month and 3 months old Hu sheep (H1 vs H3). These mRNAs and target genes of lncRNAs were primarily enriched in the TGF-β and PI3K-Akt signalling pathways which are closely associated with ovarian follicular development and steroid hormone biosynthesis regulation. We identified MSTRG.162061.1, MSTRG.222844.7, MSTRG.335777.1, MSTRG.334059.16, MSTRG.188947.6 and MSTRG.24344.3 as vital genes in ovary development by regulating CTNNB1, CCNA2, CDK2, CDC20, CDK1 and EGFR expressions. A total of 2903 mRNAs and 636 lncRNAs were differentially expressed in 3 and 8 months old ovaries of Hu sheep (H3 vs H8); and were predominantly enriched in PI3K-Akt, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, estrogen metabolism, ovulation from the ovarian follicle and oogenesis pathways. These lncRNAs were also found to regulate FGF7, PRLR, PTK2, AMH and INHBA expressions during follicular development. Our result indicates the identified genes participate in the development of the final stages of follicles and ovary development in Hu sheep.

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The Artificial Ovary

Fertility Preservation ◽

10.1017/9781108784368.034 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 381-393

Author(s):

Maria Costanza Chiti ◽

Christiani A Amorim

Keyword(s):

Artificial Ovary

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Pre-anthesis ovary development determines genotypic differences in potential kernel weight in sorghum

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/erp019 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 1399-1408 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Z. Yang ◽

E. J. van Oosterom ◽

D. R. Jordan ◽

G. L. Hammer

Keyword(s):

Kernel Weight ◽

Ovary Development ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Potential Kernel

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Effects of the Hedgehog signalling inhibitor itraconazole on developing rat ovaries

Toxicological Sciences ◽

10.1093/toxsci/kfab048 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hanna Katarina Lilith Johansson ◽

Camilla Taxvig ◽

Gustav Peder Mohr Olsen ◽

Terje Svingen

Keyword(s):

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽

Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Endocrine Function ◽

Ovary Development ◽

Knock Out ◽

Female Reproductive Health ◽

Endocrine Disrupting ◽

Hh Signaling ◽

Knock Out Mice

Abstract Early ovary development is considered to be largely hormone independent, yet there are associations between fetal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and reproductive disorders in women. This can potentially be explained by perturbations to establishment of ovarian endocrine function rather than interference with an already established hormone system. In this study we explore if Hedgehog (HH) signaling, a central pathway for correct ovary development, can be disrupted by exposure to HH-disrupting chemicals, using the antifungal itraconazole as model compound. In the mouse Leydig cell line TM3, used as a proxy for ovarian theca cells, itraconazole exposure had a suppressing effect on genes downstream of HH signaling, such as Gli1. Exposing explanted rat ovaries (gestational day 22 or postnatal day 3) to 30 µM itraconazole for 72 h induced significant suppression of genes in the HH signaling pathway with altered Ihh, Gli1, Ptch1, and Smo expression similar to those previously observed in Ihh/Dhh knock-out mice. Exposing rat dams to 50 mg/kg bw/day in the perinatal period did not induce observable changes in the offspring’s ovaries. Overall, our results suggest that HH signal disruptors may affect ovary development with potential long-term consequences for female reproductive health. However, potent HH inhibitors would likely cause severe teratogenic effects at doses lower than those causing ovarian dysgenesis, so the concern with respect to reproductive disorder is for the presence of HH disruptors at low concentration in combination with other ovary or endocrine disrupting compounds.

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Female reproductive biology and spawning periodicity of two species of king prawns, Penaeus longistylus Kubo and Penaeus latisulcatus Kishinouye, form Queensland's East Coast Fishery

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf9880729 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 729 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

AJ Courtney ◽

MCL Dredge

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

East Coast ◽

Sea Water ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Ovary Development ◽

Commercial Catch ◽

Ovary Weight ◽

Species Population ◽

Spawning Periodicity ◽

Catch Rates

In the coastal region of central Queensland female red-spot king prawns, P. longistylus, and the western or blue-leg king prawns, P. latisulcatus, had high mean ovary weights and high proportions of advanced ovary development during the winter months of July and August of 1985 and 1986. On the basis of insemination, both species began copulating at the size of 26-27 mm CL, but P. longistylus matured and spawned at a smaller size than P. latisulcatus. Abundance of P. longistylus was generally three to four times greater than that of P. latisulcatus but the latter was subject to greater variation in abundance. Low mean ovary weight and low proportions of females with advanced ovaries were associated with the maximum mean bottom sea-water temperature (28.5�C) for both species. Population fecundity indices indicated that peaks in yolk or egg production (a) displayed a similar pattern for both species, (b) varied in timing from year to year for both species and (c) were strongly influenced by abundance. Generally, sample estimates of abundance and commercial catch rates (CPUE) showed similar trends. Differences between the two may have been due to changes in targeted commercial effort in this multi-species fishery.

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