Policy Process in the European Union

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Gönül Oğuz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
The European Union

10. The European Commission

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Egeberg
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
International Organization ◽  
The European Union ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Recent Growth ◽  
Executive Body

This chapter provides a general introduction to the European Commission, the main executive body of the European Union (EU). It argues that it is more productive to compare the Commission to national executives or to a government than to a secretariat of a traditional international organization. It begins with a summary of the Commission’s functions within the EU’s policy process. It then considers the question of Commission influence and autonomy, before moving on to look at the structure, demography, and decision behaviour within the organization—that is, at the role of the President of the Commission and the Commissioners, at the Commissioners’ personal staffs, and at the Commission administration. It then examines the committees and administrative networks that link the Commission to national administrations and interest groups, and also deals with the recent growth of EU agencies. The chapter concludes by emphasizing that the Commission is much more of a European(ized) and supranational institution than it was at its inception.

The European External Action Service (EEAS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana E. Juncos ◽  
Karolina Pomorska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
External Action ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
European Diplomacy ◽  
Key Questions

The European External Action Service, with its 140 delegations all over the world and its headquarters in Brussels is a unique institution, which has been likened to a state diplomatic service or EU ministry of foreign affairs. The composition of the EEAS and its functions have been the result of complex negotiations between the member states of the European Union and EU institutions. The ability of the EEAS to have an influence in the European Union’s foreign policy process and outcome is still a subject of controversy, not least because it co-exists with 28 national diplomatic services. The impact of the establishment of the EEAS on the emergence of a esprit de corps among its ranks and whether it has led to the transformation of European diplomacy as a result constitutes other key questions in existing scholarly debates.

Putting Risk Management to the Test or Why it is Ineffectual to Separate Risk Assessment from Risk Management: The Story of Maximum Levels for Aflatoxins

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana Giorgi ◽  
Annuradha Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
European Union ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Food Safety Standards

This article reviews the policy process of setting maximum levels for aflatoxins by the European Union and the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The differences between the two regulatory organizations and the difficulties entailed in the alignment of the two standards are illustrative of the problems inherent in risk analysis in the food sector. This case is also instructive with respect to the way in which scientific evidence is used when deciding on appropriate food safety standards.

This is What Democracy Looks Like: Globalization, New Information Technology and the Trade Policy Process: Some Comparative Observations

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-214
Author(s):  
Peter Smith ◽  
Elizabeth Smythe
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Nation States ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Trade

AbstractThis article examines the process by which economic globalization and the Internet have facilitated the proliferation and mobilization of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and social movements that are challenging the negotiation of trade rules through the World Trade Organization (WTO). Our focus, however, is not on the WTO per se but on the impact that globally-articulated local networks are having on the national trade policy processes of Canada, Australia, and the European Union (EU), all members of the WTO. We discuss how local networks of NGOs and social movements are inserted into, and relate to, larger global coalitions and global information networks from which they draw support and sustenance. Finally, we compare how local institutions, processes, and histories have shaped the dialogue and interaction of NGOs with trade departments that are occurring at the level of these nation-states and the European Union.

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