This is What Democracy Looks Like: Globalization, New Information Technology and the Trade Policy Process: Some Comparative Observations

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-214
Author(s):  
Peter Smith ◽  
Elizabeth Smythe
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Nation States ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Trade

AbstractThis article examines the process by which economic globalization and the Internet have facilitated the proliferation and mobilization of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and social movements that are challenging the negotiation of trade rules through the World Trade Organization (WTO). Our focus, however, is not on the WTO per se but on the impact that globally-articulated local networks are having on the national trade policy processes of Canada, Australia, and the European Union (EU), all members of the WTO. We discuss how local networks of NGOs and social movements are inserted into, and relate to, larger global coalitions and global information networks from which they draw support and sustenance. Finally, we compare how local institutions, processes, and histories have shaped the dialogue and interaction of NGOs with trade departments that are occurring at the level of these nation-states and the European Union.

scholarly journals The competences of European Union institutions in the trade policy (Lisbon Treaty)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta Timbur
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Lisbon Treaty ◽  
International Negotiation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
External Relations ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Trade ◽  
The Impact

The European Union is the best known at the world’s leading trade power and the common trade policy is the core of EU external relations. The events of the last years and the extension of the EU to 27 member proved that the functioning system could no longer continue and was requiring a new institutional framework. The Lisbon Treaty was the right solution. It purposes are to bring changes for the citizens, institutions, external relations foe the consolidation of democracy in EU. This paper attempts to provide an overview of the major revisions introduced by the Treaty of Lisbon regarding the trade policy. Also, it analyses the extension and clarification of EU competence, the greater role of the European Parliament and the inclusion of investment policy in trade policy, the voting rules in trade area and the international negotiation of trade agreements. The study describes, as well, the impact of Lisbon Treaty implementation on the MS which are independent nations, but without power of decision in the common trade policy.

Transnational Access to Evidence, Witnesses, and Suspects

2019 ◽  
pp. 585-608
Author(s):  
Sabine Gless
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
Fact Finding ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines issues surrounding transnational access to evidence, witnesses, and suspects. More specifically, it considers whether the evidence can be transferred between nation-states without negatively affecting the legitimacy, fairness, and reliability of the fact-finding procedure. The focus is on basic questions arising from the conflict between the criminal justice systems’ genuine interest in comprehensive and reliable fact-finding and the specific restrictions on fact-finding when evidence exists beyond a state border. The chapter first traces the historical roots of transnational access to evidence and provides an overview of current legal practices before using the German and U.S. legal frameworks as case studies to illustrate the impact of mutual legal assistance in a civil law and a common law jurisdiction. It then outlines new approaches to transnational access to evidence such as the framework of the European Union, with emphasis on safeguards for reliability and fairness of fact-finding.

What Happened to Fortress Europe?: External Trade Policy Liberalization in the European Union

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
External Trade ◽  
Single European Act ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fortress Europe ◽  
Severe Recession ◽  
National Trade ◽  
Trade Measures

In an era when many fear the breakdown of the global trading order through the emergence of relatively closed regional trading blocs, assessing the effects of European integration on external European Union trade is particularly important. Surprisingly, despite a severe recession accompanied by record levels of unemployment, a history of increasing protection under similar economic circumstances, and alarming predictions about “fortress Europe,” external trade policy in the region has liberalized in recent years. Prominent trade policy explanations emphasizing changing interest group demands or changing ideas of policymakers are inadequate to account for this significant change in trade policy. Instead, much of this liberalization can be best understood as an unforeseen consequence of the Single European Act. Completing the single market undermined the effectiveness of national trade measures and made it difficult to enact new trade barriers, thus producing a liberal bias in European policy.

scholarly journals The impact of the common security and defence policy of the European Union on the security of the Republic of Serbia

Vojno delo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Dumić ◽  
Mitar Kovač
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
Cooperative Approach ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The answer to transnational and asymmetric threats that are a topical issue on the world geopolitical stage can be found in the integration of national security systems, strengthening multilateral forms of security and the collective system of international security, as the key factors in providing peace, stability and democratic development of modern countries. In such circumstances, the need for a cooperative approach in preserving and improving security, based on cooperation and pooling of security capacities of nation states, is strengthening. This paper views the current achievements of the European Union (hereinafter EU) in terms of implementing its own security policy, primarily in the Western Balkans, in a broader sense, and the specific impact of such a policy on the security of the Republic of Serbia, in a narrower sense. Having in mind the extensive and complex context of the discussed topic, the paper considers, in the authors' opinion, an essential part of this issue, through the analysis of the position of the Republic of Serbia in such context, reviewing the genesis of the EU-Serbia relations and identifying current issues in these relations, and also through the possibilities of progress of cooperation and greater involvement of the capacities of our country in the current EU security policy in this region and beyond.

The European External Action Service (EEAS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana E. Juncos ◽  
Karolina Pomorska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
External Action ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
European Diplomacy ◽  
Key Questions

The European External Action Service, with its 140 delegations all over the world and its headquarters in Brussels is a unique institution, which has been likened to a state diplomatic service or EU ministry of foreign affairs. The composition of the EEAS and its functions have been the result of complex negotiations between the member states of the European Union and EU institutions. The ability of the EEAS to have an influence in the European Union’s foreign policy process and outcome is still a subject of controversy, not least because it co-exists with 28 national diplomatic services. The impact of the establishment of the EEAS on the emergence of a esprit de corps among its ranks and whether it has led to the transformation of European diplomacy as a result constitutes other key questions in existing scholarly debates.

scholarly journals Foreign trade aspect of Serbia’s accession to the European Union

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-364
Author(s):  
Stevan Rapaic ◽  
Dragana Dabic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Common Trade ◽  
The Impact

From the past experience, most governments conclude that it is necessary to carry out carefully planned foreign trade policy based on a high degree of liberalization dosed with government control. This kind of foreign trade policy is being implemented both by Serbia and by the European Union, which established the Common Trade Policy (CTP) in 1957. Bearing in mind that Serbia has signed the Stabilization and Association Agreement striving to become a full member of the European Union, it is clear that, in due course, its foreign trade policy must be in line with the European one. This is not an easy task, because parallel to the process of accession to the EU, Serbia is conducting negotiations on accession to the World Trade Organization and those two processes are intertwined and connected. This paper analyses Serbia?s process of accession to the European Union and the impact of this process on its foreign trade policy as well as the future of its foreign trade relations with previous major partners.

scholarly journals A Minority at the Border: EU Enlargement and the Ukrainian Minority in Poland

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Vermeersch
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

This article examines the impact of the eastward enlargement of the European Union (EU) on the position of the Ukrainian minority in Poland. The enlargement process has set two conflicting developments into motion that both may have a serious influence on patterns of minority activism in countries at the peripheral borders of the enlarged EU. On one hand, there is a development toward increased protection of the external borders of the EU. On the other hand, a new trend has become perceptible within the EU toward increased political, security, economic, and cultural cooperation with the new neighboring countries in the east. Applying concepts from research on social movements and using statements by Ukrainian minority activists as the basis for an empirical analysis, this article explores how these two opposite developments have affected Ukrainian minority activism in Poland.

scholarly journals ԲԱԶՄԱՄՇԱԿՈՒԹԱՅՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԽՆԴԻՐՆԵՐԸ ԵՎՐՈՊԱԿԱՆ ՄԻՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԱՆՋԱՏՈՂԱԿԱՆ ՇԱՐԺՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ԱԿՏԻՎԱՑՄԱՆ ՀԱՄԱՏԵՔՍՏՈՒՄ/MULTICULTURAL POLICY ISSUES IN THE CONTEXT OF ACTIVITY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION SEPARATIVE MOVEMENTS/ПРОБЛЕМЫ МУЛЬТИКУЛЬТУРНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО СОЮЗА В КОНТЕКСТЕ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СЕПАРАТИСТСКИХ ДВИЖЕНИЙ

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Rafik Avetisyan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Multicultural Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multicultural Policies ◽  
The Eu

Considering the nationalist tendencies in the EU, the transformation of European nation-states, the increasing influx of immigrants, the socio-economic issues, it is necessary to identify the impact of the EU's multicultural policies on groups with different cultural norms and customs. The multilayered nature of the topic will provide a more comprehensive view of the issues of overcoming separatist crises. The article identifies the link between separatist demands of subdivisions with different cultural norms, and multicultural policies pursued by the state as a strategic tool for responding adequately to separatist challenges, restoring civic solidarity, and preventing the growth of social conflicts.

The Mental Health and Social Exclusion European Network

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Leonori ◽  
Manuel Muñoz ◽  
Carmelo Vázquez ◽  
José J. Vázquez ◽  
Mary Fe Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
European Union ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
World Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Homeless Mentally Ill ◽  
The Impact

This report concerns the activities developed by the Mental Health and Social Exclusion (MHSE) Network, an initiative supported by the Mental Health Europe (World Federation of Mental Health). We report some data from the preliminary survey done in five capital cities of the European Union (Madrid, Copenhagen, Brussels, Lisbon, and Rome). The main aim of this survey was to investigate, from a mostly qualitative point of view, the causal and supportive factors implicated in the situation of the homeless mentally ill in Europe. The results point out the familial and childhood roots of homelessness, the perceived causes of the situation, the relationships with the support services, and the expectations of future of the homeless mentally ill. The analysis of results has helped to identify the different variables implicated in the social rupture process that influences homelessness in major European cities. The results were used as the basis for the design of a more ambitious current research project about the impact of the medical and psychosocial interventions in the homeless. This project is being developed in 10 capital cities of the European Union with a focus on the program and outcome evaluation of the health and psychosocial services for the disadvantaged.

Russia - European Union: The continuation ofthe sanctions standoff

2017 ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
M. Klinova ◽  
E. Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Current Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Year 2013

The article deals with economic sanctions and their impact on the state and prospects of the neighboring partner economies - the European Union (EU) and Russia. It provides comparisons of current data with that of the year 2013 (before sanctions) to demonstrate the impact of sanctions on both sides. Despite the fact that Russia remains the EU’s key partner, it came out of the first three partners of the EU. The current economic recession is caused by different reasons, not only by sanctions. Both the EU and Russia have internal problems, which the sanctions confrontation only exacerbates. The article emphasizes the need for a speedy restoration of cooperation.

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