Smart Ticketing System for Public Transport Vehicles

Recent Growth in technologies has taken drastic improvements in all fields especially public welfare. Soon transport systems with demanding technologies like frequency Identification Devices (RFID), GSM, and face recognition will gain the spotlight. The RFID concept is applied in a public transport identification card which is a reliable system, automatically detects the passenger, and the camera will recognize the passenger’s face and debit the fare following the distance traveled. A feedback message is forwarded to the corresponding person’s mobile, as a sign of good security. The security system is equipped with a GSM modem.IR sensor will count the persons entering and exiting the bus.

Urban Interiority: Designing interior space through the lenses of shelter, place-making and atmosphere

<p>The discipline of interior architecture suffers from a lack of discipline specific theory, a definitive title and definition, and an understanding by the general public of the role and scope of this area of design. Many definitions view interior architecture (otherwise known as interior design or simply interiors) as existing only within the context of architecture. However a recent growth in interest and discussion around interiors has highlighted the fact that those within the discipline no longer view a fixed physical enclosure or architectural envelope as defining conditions of interior space. Architecture as a prerequisite to interiors has come into question, which also questions our understanding of the conditions that define interiority. The concepts of shelter, place and atmosphere have been identified as contributing to an understanding of interior space. This research uses these three concepts as ‘lenses’ which contribute to an understanding of alternative ways of experiencing and designing interior space. The program of a bus shelter has been selected in order to test how these concepts can create an experience of interiority in a form that is not conventionally understood as interior space.</p>

Urban Interiority: Designing interior space through the lenses of shelter, place-making and atmosphere

<p>The discipline of interior architecture suffers from a lack of discipline specific theory, a definitive title and definition, and an understanding by the general public of the role and scope of this area of design. Many definitions view interior architecture (otherwise known as interior design or simply interiors) as existing only within the context of architecture. However a recent growth in interest and discussion around interiors has highlighted the fact that those within the discipline no longer view a fixed physical enclosure or architectural envelope as defining conditions of interior space. Architecture as a prerequisite to interiors has come into question, which also questions our understanding of the conditions that define interiority. The concepts of shelter, place and atmosphere have been identified as contributing to an understanding of interior space. This research uses these three concepts as ‘lenses’ which contribute to an understanding of alternative ways of experiencing and designing interior space. The program of a bus shelter has been selected in order to test how these concepts can create an experience of interiority in a form that is not conventionally understood as interior space.</p>

Social Sustainability and Ulaanbaatar’s ‘Ger Districts’: Access and Mobility Issues and Opportunities

This paper explores the concept of social sustainability in Ulaanbaatar’s ger districts in relation to access and mobility. Although ger districts are well-established in Mongolian culture as ephemeral encampments with transient residents, contemporary ger districts have become large and permanent residential districts that are now home to an estimated one-third of the country’s population. The more recent growth of the ger districts has taken place in three decades since Mongolia embraced market-based liberal economics, coinciding with waves of socially and economically-motivated urbanisation. More recently, difficult environmental conditions in rural Mongolia have created new waves of migration. The unfolding situation means that the ger districts have grown with little of the forward planning present in other built areas of the city. In turn, this has led to significant imbalances in the provision of transport services into the ger districts and the problems of access and mobility that this paper has highlighted. This paper has identified community-based local transport and delivery services as one potential means for addressing existing access and mobility shortcomings. Such approaches could provide temporary or complementary services alongside other public policy approaches.

Mining Numbers in Text: A Survey

Both words and numerals are tokens found in almost all documents but they have different properties. However, relatively little attention has been paid in numerals found in texts and many systems treated the numbers found in the document in ad-hoc ways, such as regarded them as mere strings in the same way as words, normalized them to zeros, or simply ignored them. Recent growth of natural language processing (NLP) research areas has change this situations and more and more attentions have been paid to the numeracy in documents. In this survey, we provide a quick overview of the history and recent advances of the research of mining such relations between numerals and words found in text data.

Cordons sanitaires or tainted coalitions? The electoral consequences of populist participation in government

An increasing literature has studied the recent growth of populist parties and the determinants of their electoral success. This article contributes to this body by addressing the question of whether cordon sanitaires or tainted coalitions are more effective at hindering the electoral success of populist parties. Building on the populist parties and cost of governing literatures, we hypothesize that populist parties suffer considerable loses at the ballot box when they join coalition governments as junior partners. Moreover, we test various mechanisms for this negative effect: poor economic conditions, the existence of parliamentary majorities, ideological extremism and low intra-cabinet conflict. Using data from ParlGov and Klüver and Spoon, we find strong support for the main hypothesis, and additional analyses suggest that when populists join coalitions as junior partners they lose extra electoral support if they are ideological extreme, there is low intra-cabinet conflict, or their coalition has a parliamentary majority.

The Influence of Incubator and Accelerator Participation on Nanotechnology Venture Success

This study investigates how venture development programs such as private incubators, university incubators, and accelerators influence the success of participating nanotechnology startups. With the recent growth in such programs, empirical work is needed to compare their impact on participants across programs and with nonparticipants. Using data on firm bankruptcies, liquidation, government grants, and venture capital, we find benefits, but the influence of each venture development program varies greatly. We further investigate the influence of program services and resources to clarify program heterogeneity beyond existing typologies. The results clarify the role of these programs and ecosystem intermediaries.

The Balkans in exile : the relationship between Serbian and Croatian communities in Toronto

The recent growth of the Serbian and Croation communities in the Greater Toronto Area has encouraged a change in attitudes between the two groups. Nationalistic sentiments harbored by many in the post-World War Two wave of predominantly Četnik and Ustaša émigrés have been laid to rest by the most recent influx of immigrants and refugees from the former Yugoslavia. This study will discern the reasons for which the new cohort of Yugoslav expatriates of Serbian and Croatian descent has been able to overcome seemingly crippling issues of nationalism. This paper will discuss how two major political figures in the Balkan wars of the 1990s, Slobodan Milošević and Franjo Tudjman, manipulated the nationalism of these two communities. In addition, an examination of media from Serbia, Croatia, and Canada will provide insight on the intricate web of factors that have influenced the conflict between the Serbian and Croatian communities in Toronto.

The Balkans in exile : the relationship between Serbian and Croatian communities in Toronto

The recent growth of the Serbian and Croation communities in the Greater Toronto Area has encouraged a change in attitudes between the two groups. Nationalistic sentiments harbored by many in the post-World War Two wave of predominantly Četnik and Ustaša émigrés have been laid to rest by the most recent influx of immigrants and refugees from the former Yugoslavia. This study will discern the reasons for which the new cohort of Yugoslav expatriates of Serbian and Croatian descent has been able to overcome seemingly crippling issues of nationalism. This paper will discuss how two major political figures in the Balkan wars of the 1990s, Slobodan Milošević and Franjo Tudjman, manipulated the nationalism of these two communities. In addition, an examination of media from Serbia, Croatia, and Canada will provide insight on the intricate web of factors that have influenced the conflict between the Serbian and Croatian communities in Toronto.