scholarly journals The Governance of Global Innovation Systems: Putting Knowledge in Context

2020 ◽  
pp. 397-414
Author(s):  
Christian Binz ◽  
Bernhard Truffer
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Actor Networks

AbstractTechnological innovation increasingly depends on multiscalar actor networks and institutions. However, the developers of many conceptual frameworks explaining innovation success have paid only limited attention to this new reality, due to their focus on regions and countries as agents that shape innovation governance and as containers that provide institutional conditions for innovation success. In particular, innovation systems literature has been criticized in this respect. In the present chapter, we refer to the recently formulated Global Innovation Systems approach, which enables researchers to capture the emergence of system resources across spatial scales. With this framework, we emphasize that beyond the focus on knowledge generation processes, a better understanding of valuation processes is necessary to guide governance structures for generating new technologies and products. This is particularly true for sectors that are oriented towards confronting grand challenges, such as cleantech industries.

scholarly journals Industrial Energy Transitions and the Dynamics of Innovation Systems: The Swedish Pulp and Paper Industry, 1970–2010

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Kristina Söderholm ◽  
Patrik Söderholm
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Actor Networks

This article provides a sectoral innovation system perspective of the development of energy efficient and clean process technologies in the Swedish pulp and paper industry. Specifically, the analysis elaborates the importance of knowledge development, actor networks, and institutions (including policy) for progressing and diffusing novel technologies related to energy use. The empirical analysis also sheds light on how significant changes in the sectoral innovation system have influenced the relevant research, development and demonstration activities in the Swedish pulp and paper industry over the period 1970–2010. The results are based on various sources—e.g., industry magazines, reports from industrial consultants and associations, minutes from meetings—and illustrate the importance of well-functioning innovation systems for successful technological development and diffusion processes. They display, in particular, the importance of joint, industry-wide R&D activities, trust-based state—industry relationships, government R&D expenditures, and intense information sharing. One important implication is that the role of policy stretches beyond the funding of basic R&D. Policy also involves measures that strengthen existing actor networks, build competence, and secure the existence of research institutes that provide a bridge between basic knowledge generation (at the universities) on the one hand, and industrial application on the other.

scholarly journals A technological innovation systems approach to analyse the roles of intermediaries in eco-innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 1136-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisdom Kanda ◽  
Pablo del Río ◽  
Olof Hjelm ◽  
Dzamila Bienkowska
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Innovation Systems

scholarly journals Matching Local and Global Dimensions: A Knowledge Based Approach to Classify European Life Sciences Clusters

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Adele Parmentola
Keyword(s):  
Life Sciences ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

It is now widely accepted that innovation is a territorially embedded process, which cannot be fully understood independent of the social and institutional conditions of individual places. On the basis of these considerations, some authors identified criteria to define the geographic confines for the innovative process, introducing the concept of the local systems of innovation (LIS), defined as networks of technologically specialized and locally situated firms, institutions and research agencies. Nevertheless empirical evidences show that especially in high tech industry like life sciences, relatively few clusters are completely self-sufficient in terms of the knowledge base from which they draw suggesting that the knowledge flows that feed innovation in a cluster are often both local and global.According to these considerations and starting from the knowledge based theory of innovations systems the paper proposes a theoretical framework that classifies the innovation systems considering the place of knowledge sourcing and the place of knowledge development. The framework has then been used to classify the European life sciences clusters. The empirical analysis shows that Local Innovation System is only a possible configuration of technology clusters that can be assumes also the configurations of Imported Innovation Systems, Exported Innovation Systems and Global Innovation Systems.

Regionale Innovationssysteme

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Thomi ◽  
Robert Werner
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Institutional Learning

AbstractThe paper aims to discuss the concept of the Regional Innovation Systems (RIS). Reference is made to the structural background of the discussion as well as to related concepts of Technological Innovation Systems and National Innovation Systems. Key elements of RIS like cluster, governance, institutional learning etc. as well as approaches towards models and typologies are discussed. The RIS approach is classified as a concept with high political and strategic contents and less theoretical groundings. It is argued that the concept is in need for further clarification at the level of Information flows and knowledge generation.

The innovativeness of the Turkish textile industry within similar knowledge bases across different regional innovation systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeşim Kuştepeli ◽  
Yaprak Gülcan ◽  
Sedef Akgüngör
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
Lock In

Rapid technological and economic development in the world economy and the systematic and complex nature of innovation processes require specific innovation policy activities, such as having access to new knowledge. Through networking, individuals and organizations can become aware of new technologies and information by engaging in boundary-extending activities. Because there are dissimilarities between knowledge bases, each industrial activity is assumed to have specific types of innovation logics, innovative processes and innovation outcomes. In addition, the generation, diffusion, application and exploitation of knowledge are closely related to a region’s ability to undertake innovations. The objective and contribution of this paper is to compare the innovativeness of two textile-related industries in two cities (Denizli and Adıyaman) in Turkey with similar knowledge bases but differences in regional innovation systems. Denizli is a networked region, but it also shows properties of lock-in deficiency, whereas Adıyaman is an organizationally thin and peripheral region. The results reveal that there are significant differences in the knowledge generation and exploitation structures of the two regions, although they have similar knowledge bases. Such dissimilarities between the regions are explained by their respective knowledge-generating subsystems. The network maps of the Denizli and Adıyaman textile firms show that firms in Denizli have denser regional network ties than those in Adıyaman. The strong network ties of textile firms in Denizli allow the firms to be superior in innovative performance to Adıyaman firms, albeit with the danger of technological lock-in in the Denizli region. Adıyaman, being an organizationally thin region, lacks the necessary institutional structure for networking. Policy tools that are unique to each region are needed to enhance innovativeness.

Artificial Intelligence as a Technological Innovation to Accelerate Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
S. V. Shchurina ◽  
A. S. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
The Government

The subject of the research is the introduction of artificial intelligence as a technological innovation into the Russian economic development. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that the Russian market of artificial intelligence is still in the infancy and the necessity to bridge the current technological gap between Russia and the leading economies of the world is coming to the forefront. The financial sector, the manufacturing industry and the retail trade are the drivers of the artificial intelligence development. However, company managers in Russia are not prepared for the practical application of expensive artificial intelligence technologies. Under these circumstances, the challenge is to develop measures to support high-tech projects of small and medium-sized businesses, given that the technological innovation considered can accelerate the development of the Russian economy in the energy sector fully or partially controlled by the government as well as in the military-industrial complex and the judicial system.The purposes of the research were to examine the current state of technological innovations in the field of artificial intelligence in the leading countries and Russia and develop proposals for improving the AI application in the Russian practices.The paper concludes that the artificial intelligence is a breakthrough technology with a great application potential. Active promotion of the artificial intelligence in companies significantly increases their efficiency, competitiveness, develops industry markets, stimulates introduction of new technologies, improves product quality and scales up manufacturing. In general, the artificial intelligence gives a new impetus to the development of Russia and facilitates its entry into the five largest world’s economies.

Operating Reliability Assessment of FPGA-Based NPP I&C Systems: Approach, Technique and Implementation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Babeshko ◽  
Ievgenii Bakhmach ◽  
Vyacheslav Kharchenko ◽  
Eugene Ruchkov ◽  
Oleksandr Siora
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Reliability Assessment ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Fpga Design ◽  
Operating Reliability

Operating reliability assessment of instrumentation and control systems (I&Cs) is always one of the most important activities, especially for critical domains like nuclear power plants (NPPs). Intensive use of relatively new technologies like field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) in I&C which appear in upgrades and in newly built NPPs makes task to develop and validate advanced operating reliability assessment methods that consider specific technology features very topical. Increased integration densities make the reliability of integrated circuits the most crucial point in modern NPP I&Cs. Moreover, FPGAs differ in some significant ways from other integrated circuits: they are shipped as blanks and are very dependent on design configured into them. Furthermore, FPGA design could be changed during planned NPP outage for different reasons. Considering all possible failure modes of FPGA-based NPP I&C at design stage is a quite challenging task. Therefore, operating reliability assessment is one of the most preferable ways to perform comprehensive analysis of FPGA-based NPP I&Cs. This paper summarizes our experience on operating reliability analysis of FPGA based NPP I&Cs.

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