Efficiency Estimation of Single Error Correction, Double Error Detection and Double-Adjacent-Error Correction Codes

Author(s):  
N. D. Kustov ◽  
E. S. Lepeshkina ◽  
V. Kh. Khanov
Author(s):  
Jagannath Samanta ◽  
Akash Kewat

Recently, there have been continuous rising interests of multi-bit error correction codes (ECCs) for protecting memory cells from soft errors which may also enhance the reliability of memory systems. The single error correction and double error detection (SEC-DED) codes are generally employed in many high-speed memory systems. In this paper, Hsiao-based SEC-DED codes are optimized based on two proposed optimization algorithms employed in parity check matrix and error correction logic. Theoretical area complexity of SEC-DED codecs require maximum 49.29%, 18.64% and 49.21% lesser compared to the Hsiao codes [M. Y. Hsiao, A class of optimal minimum odd-weight-column SEC-DED codes, IBM J. Res. Dev. 14 (1970) 395–401], Reviriego et al. codes [P. Reviriego, S. Pontarelli, J. A. Maestro and M. Ottavi, A method to construct low delay single error correction codes for protecting data bits only, IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst. 32 (2013) 479–483] and Liu et al. codes [S. Liu, P. Reviriego, L. Xiao and J. A. Maestro, A method to recover critical bits under a double error in SEC-DED protected memories, Microelectron. Reliab. 73 (2017) 92–96], respectively. Proposed codec is designed and implemented both in field programmable gate array (FPGA) and ASIC platforms. The synthesized SEC-DED codecs need 31.14% lesser LUTs than the original Hsiao code. Optimized codec is faster than the existing related codec without affecting its power consumption. These compact and faster SEC-DED codecs are employed in cache memory to enhance the reliability.


Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2074
Author(s):  
J.-Carlos Baraza-Calvo ◽  
Joaquín Gracia-Morán ◽  
Luis-J. Saiz-Adalid ◽  
Daniel Gil-Tomás ◽  
Pedro-J. Gil-Vicente

Due to transistor shrinking, intermittent faults are a major concern in current digital systems. This work presents an adaptive fault tolerance mechanism based on error correction codes (ECC), able to modify its behavior when the error conditions change without increasing the redundancy. As a case example, we have designed a mechanism that can detect intermittent faults and swap from an initial generic ECC to a specific ECC capable of tolerating one intermittent fault. We have inserted the mechanism in the memory system of a 32-bit RISC processor and validated it by using VHDL simulation-based fault injection. We have used two (39, 32) codes: a single error correction–double error detection (SEC–DED) and a code developed by our research group, called EPB3932, capable of correcting single errors and double and triple adjacent errors that include a bit previously tagged as error-prone. The results of injecting transient, intermittent, and combinations of intermittent and transient faults show that the proposed mechanism works properly. As an example, the percentage of failures and latent errors is 0% when injecting a triple adjacent fault after an intermittent stuck-at fault. We have synthesized the adaptive fault tolerance mechanism proposed in two types of FPGAs: non-reconfigurable and partially reconfigurable. In both cases, the overhead introduced is affordable in terms of hardware, time and power consumption.


Author(s):  
Luis-J. Saiz-Adalid ◽  
Pedro Gil ◽  
Juan-Carlos Ruiz ◽  
Joaquin Gracia-Moran ◽  
Daniel Gil-Tomas ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Luis-J. Saiz-Adalid ◽  
Pedro Gil ◽  
Joaquin Gracia-Moran ◽  
Daniel Gil-Tomas ◽  
J.-Carlos Baraza-Calvo

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S8) ◽  
pp. 1948-1952

The developments in IC technology and rapid increase of transistor densities and scaling factor, the use of ECC’s acquired prominence. Multiple bit errors in memories due to technology scaling demands advanced error correction codes. SEC-DEC, DEC, burst error detection, Golay code, Reed Solmon codes etc. have much decoding complexity and latency. The above drawbacks can be reduced with OLS codes. OLS codes with majority logic decoding technique, modular construction and simple decoding mechanisms it enables low delay improvements. MBU’S can be addressed using OLS-MLD codes. This paper presents a detail study of developments in multibit ECC’s using OLS-MLD mechanism


2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Reviriego ◽  
Mustafa Demirci ◽  
Adrian Evans ◽  
Juan Antonio Maestro

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