scholarly journals Melancholia and the New Biological Psychiatry

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-122
Author(s):  
Åsa Jansson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Academic Psychiatry ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
British Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biological Psychiatry ◽  
Reflex Action ◽  
German States ◽  
Neurophysiological Model

Abstract This chapter centres on the development of a neurophysiological model of melancholia, which emerged within the new academic psychiatry in the German states at mid-century, and was taken up into British literature in the 1860s and 70s. It considers Wilhem Griesinger’s model of psychological reflex action, which he used to explain the aetiology of mental disorders. Building on Griesinger’s model, Richard von Krafft-Ebing in Germany and Henry Maudsley in Britain offered two of the period’s most comprehensive descriptions of melancholia as a modern biomedical mood disorder. Finally the new neurophysiological model of melancholia is considered in relation to neurasthenia, a fashionable diagnosis in the United States in the last quarter of the century.

scholarly journals Revised Prevalence Estimates of Mental Disorders in the United States

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Narrow ◽  
Donald S. Rae ◽  
Lee N. Robins ◽  
Darrel A. Regier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prevalence Estimates

Mental disorders in the United States.

2008 ◽  
pp. 1051-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Malzberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
The United States

Public and Nonprofit Funding for Research on Mental Disorders in France, the United Kingdom, and the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (07) ◽  
pp. e906-e912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Chevreul ◽  
David McDaid ◽  
Carrie M. Farmer ◽  
Amélie Prigent ◽  
A-La Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Nonprofit Funding

Asthma and Suicidal Ideation Among Youth in the Community

Crisis ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee D. Goodwin ◽  
Andrej Marušič
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Comorbid Mental Disorders

Summary: Objective: To determine the association between asthma and suicidal ideation among youth in the community. Method: Data were drawn from the MECA (n = 1285), a community-based study of youth aged 9-17 in the United States. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between asthma and suicidal ideation, adjusting for differences in sociodemographic characteristics and mental disorders. Results: Asthma was associated with a significantly increased likelihood of suicidal ideation (OR = 3.25 ‘1.04, 10.1’), compared to youth without asthma. Conclusions: These data suggest that youth who are hospitalized for asthma may have higher than expected levels of suicidal ideation, compared with youth without asthma in the community. This association appears to persist after controlling for the effects of comorbid mental disorders. These findings are consistent with previous clinical reports of an association between physical illness and suicidal ideation, as well as with links between asthma and suicidal ideation among adults. More in-depth evaluation of the mental health of youth hospitalized for asthma may be indicated if these results are replicated.

Research Domain Criteria and OCD

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyal Kalanthroff ◽  
Gideon E. Anholt ◽  
Helen Blair Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Research Domain

This chapter discusses the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project, an initiative of the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) of the United States to develop for research purposes new ways of classifying mental disorders based on dimensions of observable behavior and neurobiological measures, and explores how the hallmark symptoms of OCD (obsessions, compulsions, and anxiety) can be mapped onto RDoC domains. Unlike current categorical diagnostic systems (e.g., DSM), RDoC seeks to integrate many levels of information (from genomics to self-report) to validate dimensions defined by neurobiology and behavioral measures that cut across current disorder categories. The chapter explores, for heuristic reasons, how the RDoC matrix might be used to elucidate the neurobehavioral domains of dysfunction that lead to the characteristic symptoms of OCD. It then selectively reviews the OCD literature from the perspective of the RDoC domains, aiming to guide future transdiagnostic studies to examine specific neurobehavioral domains across disorders.

A brief history of the criminalization of mental illness

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel A. Dvoskin ◽  
James L. Knoll ◽  
Mollie Silva
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Serious Mental Illnesses

This article traces the history of the way in which mental disorders were viewed and treated, from before the birth of Christ to the present day. Special attention is paid to the process of deinstitutionalization in the United States and the failure to create an adequately robust community mental health system to care for the people who, in a previous era, might have experienced lifelong hospitalization. As a result, far too many people with serious mental illnesses are living in jails and prisons that are ill-suited and unprepared to meet their needs.

Physics Textbooks and Textbook Physics in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Simon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Science Education ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of Physics ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
German States ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries

This article focuses on physics textbooks and textbook physics in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with particular emphasis on developments in France, Germany, Britain, and the United States. It first examines the role that physics textbooks played in the early stages of the professionalization of the history of science before presenting a general overview of the genesis of textbook physics in the nineteenth century. It also looks at major textbooks produced in France and the German states while making some reference to British and American textbooks. Finally, it considers recent scholarship dealing with textbooks in the history of physics. The article shows how our views on textbooks have been shaped by events that have established particular hierarchies between scientific research and science education, and between universities and schools. It argues that the study of textbooks would benefit from greater reflexivity.

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