Lower Airway Anatomy

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Colin Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Lower Airway ◽  
Airway Anatomy

scholarly journals Anaesthesia management in a child with Apert syndrome with craniosynostosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Leena Harshad Parate ◽  
M.C. Nagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Apert Syndrome ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty ◽  
Airway Anatomy ◽  
Multisystem Involvement ◽  
Midfacial Hypoplasia ◽  
Multiple Repeat

AbstractApert syndrome is a rare congenial anomaly with multisystem involvement. It is characterized by craniosynostosis, midfacial hypoplasia and global syndactyly. Altered upper and lower airway anatomy, multiple visceral anomalies and multiple repeat surgeries are main anaesthetic challenges. Here we report a case of seven month old child with Apert syndrome who was posted for posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.

scholarly journals Lower airway sampling greatly increases detection of respiratory viruses in critically ill patients: the COURSE study

Critical Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. P341 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Van Someren Gréve ◽  
KF Van der Sluijs ◽  
NP Juffermans ◽  
T Winters ◽  
SP Rebers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Lower Airway

scholarly journals Pre-Procedural COVID-19 Nasopharyngeal Swab Has Good Concordance with Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Patients at Low Risk for Viral Infection

Respiration ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Catherine L. Oberg ◽  
Reza Ronaghi ◽  
Erik E. Folch ◽  
Colleen L. Channick ◽  
Tao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Symptom Screening ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Concordance ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Overall Reliability ◽  
Rule Out

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drastically affected hospital and operating room (OR) workflow around the world as well as trainee education. Many institutions have instituted mandatory preoperative SARS-CoV-2 PCR nasopharyngeal swab (NS) testing in patients who are low risk for COVID-19 prior to elective cases. This method, however, is challenging as the sensitivity, specificity, and overall reliability of testing remains unclear. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objective of this study was to assess the concordance of a negative NS in low risk preoperative patients with lower airway bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens obtained from the same patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We prospectively sent intraoperative lower airway BAL samples collected within 48 h of a negative mandatory preoperative NS for SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing. All adult patients undergoing a scheduled bronchoscopic procedure for any reason were enrolled, including elective and nonelective cases. <b><i>Results:</i></b> One-hundred eighty-nine patients were included. All BAL specimens were negative for SARS-CoV-2 indicative of 100% concordance between testing modalities. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> These results are promising and suggest that preoperative nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 testing provides adequate screening to rule out active COVID-19 infection prior to OR cases in a population characterized as low risk by negative symptom screening. This information can be used for both pre-procedural screening and when reintroducing trainees into the workforce.

Influences of puff protocols and upper airway anatomy on cannabis pharmacokinetics: A CFPD-PK study

2021 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 104333
Author(s):  
Jianan Zhao ◽  
Yu Feng ◽  
Geng Tian ◽  
Cassandra Taylor ◽  
N. Sarah Arden
Keyword(s):  
Upper Airway ◽  
Airway Anatomy

scholarly journals Asthma in elderly is characterized by increased sputum neutrophils, lower airway caliber variability and air trapping

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Schleich ◽  
S. Graff ◽  
F. Guissard ◽  
M. Henket ◽  
V. Paulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sputum Induction ◽  
Air Trapping ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Airway Caliber ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Acting

Abstract Background Elderly asthmatics represent an important group that is often excluded from clinical studies. In this study we wanted to present characteristics of asthmatics older than 70 years old as compared to younger patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis on a series of 758 asthmatics subdivided in three groups: lower than 40, between 40 and 70 and older than 70. All the patients who had a successful sputum induction were included in the study. Results Older patients had a higher Body Mass Index, had less active smokers and were more often treated with Long Acting anti-Muscarinic Agents. We found a significant increase in sputum neutrophil counts with ageing. There was no significant difference in blood inflammatory cell counts whatever the age group. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC values were significantly lower in elderly who had lower bronchial hyperresponsiveness and signs of air trapping. We found a lower occurrence of the allergic component in advanced ages. Asthmatics older than 70 years old had later onset of the disease and a significant longer disease duration. Conclusion Our study highlights that asthmatics older than 70 years old have higher bronchial neutrophilic inflammation, a poorer lung function, signs of air trapping and lower airway variability. The role of immunosenescence inducing chronic low-grade inflammation in this asthma subtype remains to be elucidated.

scholarly journals Specific airway management for SVC replacement during giant anterior mediastinal tumor resection

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izumi Kawagoe ◽  
Daizoh Satoh ◽  
Chieko Mitaka ◽  
Masataka Fukuda ◽  
Tsukasa Kochiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediastinal Tumor ◽  
Main Bronchus ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Double Lumen Tube ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Tumor Spread ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Tumor

Abstract Background Giant anterior mediastinal tumor (GAMT) resection is a challenging procedure, for which anesthesiologist might take to need special precautions. Case presentation A 48-year-old male patient had been scheduled to undergo GAMT resection and superior vena cava (SVC) replacement. The tumor spread surrounding SVC and left main bronchus (LMB), resulting in small volume of his left lung. A soft left-sided double lumen tube (DLT) was selected to keep the patency of LMB during left one lung ventilation (OLV) against the tumor weight. Semi-awake intubation with spontaneous breathing was selected for DLT insertion to avoid lower airway occlusion. During left OLV after right open thoracotomy, his SPO2 decreased below to 90%. We performed selective right upper lobe bronchial blockade using the combination of DLT and bronchial blocker. The surgery was successfully completed with this strategy. Conclusions Although such cases are rare, they are informative for anesthesiologists, providing optional strategies.

scholarly journals Lower airway microbiota in patients with clinically suspected Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e07283
Author(s):  
Kotaro Iwasaki ◽  
Yasuo Matsuzawa ◽  
Hiroki Wakabayashi ◽  
Moe Shioya ◽  
Sho Hayakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Complex ◽  
Lower Airway
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