scholarly journals Explaining Recurrent Machine Learning Models: Integral Privacy Revisited

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
Vicenç Torra ◽  
Guillermo Navarro-Arribas ◽  
Edgar Galván
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Minimal Sets ◽  
Number Of Generators ◽  
Privacy Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Abstract We have recently introduced a privacy model for statistical and machine learning models called integral privacy. A model extracted from a database or, in general, the output of a function satisfies integral privacy when the number of generators of this model is sufficiently large and diverse. In this paper we show how the maximal c-consensus meets problem can be used to study the databases that generate an integrally private solution. We also introduce a definition of integral privacy based on minimal sets in terms of this maximal c-consensus meets problem.

scholarly journals A survey of surveys on the use of visualization for interpreting machine learning models

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos Chatzimparmpas ◽  
Rafael M. Martins ◽  
Ilir Jusufi ◽  
Andreas Kerren
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Black Boxes ◽  
Internal Operations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Research in machine learning has become very popular in recent years, with many types of models proposed to comprehend and predict patterns and trends in data originating from different domains. As these models get more and more complex, it also becomes harder for users to assess and trust their results, since their internal operations are mostly hidden in black boxes. The interpretation of machine learning models is currently a hot topic in the information visualization community, with results showing that insights from machine learning models can lead to better predictions and improve the trustworthiness of the results. Due to this, multiple (and extensive) survey articles have been published recently trying to summarize the high number of original research papers published on the topic. But there is not always a clear definition of what these surveys cover, what is the overlap between them, which types of machine learning models they deal with, or what exactly is the scenario that the readers will find in each of them. In this article, we present a meta-analysis (i.e. a “survey of surveys”) of manually collected survey papers that refer to the visual interpretation of machine learning models, including the papers discussed in the selected surveys. The aim of our article is to serve both as a detailed summary and as a guide through this survey ecosystem by acquiring, cataloging, and presenting fundamental knowledge of the state of the art and research opportunities in the area. Our results confirm the increasing trend of interpreting machine learning with visualizations in the past years, and that visualization can assist in, for example, online training processes of deep learning models and enhancing trust into machine learning. However, the question of exactly how this assistance should take place is still considered as an open challenge of the visualization community.

Landmark Recognition Using Ensemble-Based Machine Learning Models

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
Kanishk Bansal ◽  
Amar Singh Rana
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Landmark Recognition ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Recognizing landmarks in images with machine learning is an excellent topic for research today. Landmark recognition is an important field in computer vision. In this field, we train the machine learning models to identify and recognize the closed distinctly distinguishable objects in a digital image. In general, if we consider a digital image to be a set of coordinates of different pixels, a landmark is said to be enclosed in that closed polygon formed by the pixels that may be considered as a distinct and distinguishable thing in one or the other sense. Landmark recognition is an important subject area of image classification since it is considered as one of the first steps towards reaching complete computer vision. The extremely broad definition of a landmark makes it eligible to be considered as one of the leading problems in image classification tasks. Since the task is considered to be a very broad one, the solutions to the task hold no easy procedures. This chapter explores landmark recognition using ensemble-based machine learning models.

scholarly journals Does Artificial Intelligence Make Clinical Decision Better? A Review of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Acute Kidney Injury Prediction

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1662
Author(s):  
Tao Han Lee ◽  
Jia-Jin Chen ◽  
Chi-Tung Cheng ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of hospitalization that greatly and negatively affects the short-term and long-term outcomes of patients. Current guidelines use serum creatinine level and urine output rate for defining AKI and as the staging criteria of AKI. However, because they are not sensitive or specific markers of AKI, clinicians find it difficult to predict the occurrence of AKI and prescribe timely treatment. Advances in computing technology have led to the recent use of machine learning and artificial intelligence in AKI prediction, recent research reported that by using electronic health records (EHR) the AKI prediction via machine-learning models can reach AUROC over 0.80, in some studies even reach 0.93. Our review begins with the background and history of the definition of AKI, and the evolution of AKI risk factors and prediction models is also appraised. Then, we summarize the current evidence regarding the application of e-alert systems and machine-learning models in AKI prediction.

Improving XGBoost with Imagination Sampling

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Eric Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
General System ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Imagination Sampling is the usage of a person as an oracle for generating or improving machine learning models. Previous work demonstrated a general system for using Imagination Sampling for obtaining multibox models. Here, the possibility of importing such models as the starting point for further automatic enhancement is explored.

Epigenetic Target Prediction with Accurate Machine Learning Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norberto Sánchez-Cruz ◽  
Jose L. Medina-Franco
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Target Prediction ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Discovery Research ◽  
Drug Discovery Research ◽  
Machine Learning Models

<p>Epigenetic targets are a significant focus for drug discovery research, as demonstrated by the eight approved epigenetic drugs for treatment of cancer and the increasing availability of chemogenomic data related to epigenetics. This data represents a large amount of structure-activity relationships that has not been exploited thus far for the development of predictive models to support medicinal chemistry efforts. Herein, we report the first large-scale study of 26318 compounds with a quantitative measure of biological activity for 55 protein targets with epigenetic activity. Through a systematic comparison of machine learning models trained on molecular fingerprints of different design, we built predictive models with high accuracy for the epigenetic target profiling of small molecules. The models were thoroughly validated showing mean precisions up to 0.952 for the epigenetic target prediction task. Our results indicate that the herein reported models have considerable potential to identify small molecules with epigenetic activity. Therefore, our results were implemented as freely accessible and easy-to-use web application.</p>

Utilizing Blockchain Technology in Social Media Bot Identification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shreya Reddy ◽  
Lisa Ewen ◽  
Pankti Patel ◽  
Prerak Patel ◽  
Ankit Kundal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Machine Learning Models

<p>As bots become more prevalent and smarter in the modern age of the internet, it becomes ever more important that they be identified and removed. Recent research has dictated that machine learning methods are accurate and the gold standard of bot identification on social media. Unfortunately, machine learning models do not come without their negative aspects such as lengthy training times, difficult feature selection, and overwhelming pre-processing tasks. To overcome these difficulties, we are proposing a blockchain framework for bot identification. At the current time, it is unknown how this method will perform, but it serves to prove the existence of an overwhelming gap of research under this area.<i></i></p>

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