Freshwater Management and Conservation in Iran: Past, Present, and Future

2021 ◽  
pp. 1507-1533
Author(s):  
Dariush Hayati ◽  
Naser Valizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Management ◽  
Management And Conservation

Secondary Data

2018 ◽  
pp. 306-320
Author(s):  
Aaike De Wever ◽  
Astrid Schmidt-Kloiber ◽  
Vanessa Bremerich ◽  
Joerg Freyhof
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Freshwater Ecology ◽  
Biodiversity Data ◽  
Biodiversity Change ◽  
Freshwater Management ◽  
Management And Conservation

Understanding biodiversity change and addressing questions in freshwater management and conservation requires access to biodiversity data and information. Unfortunately, large, comprehensive data sources on freshwater ecology and biodiversity are largely lacking. In this chapter, we explain how to take advantage of secondary data and improve data availability for supporting freshwater ecology research and biodiversity conservation. We emphasise the importance of secondary data, give an overview of existing databases (e.g., taxonomy, molecular or occurrence databases), discuss problems in understanding and caveats when using such data, and explain the need to make primary data publicly available.

scholarly journals Future large hydropower dams impact global freshwater megafauna

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Zarfl ◽  
Jürgen Berlekamp ◽  
Fengzhi He ◽  
Sonja C. Jähnig ◽  
William Darwall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Threat Status ◽  
Hydropower Dams ◽  
Balkan Region ◽  
America South ◽  
Freshwater Management ◽  
Major Attention

AbstractDam construction comes with severe social, economic and ecological impacts. From an ecological point of view, habitat types are altered and biodiversity is lost. Thus, to identify areas that deserve major attention for conservation, existing and planned locations for (hydropower) dams were overlapped, at global extent, with the contemporary distribution of freshwater megafauna species with consideration of their respective threat status. Hydropower development will disproportionately impact areas of high freshwater megafauna richness in South America, South and East Asia, and the Balkan region. Sub-catchments with a high share of threatened species are considered to be most vulnerable; these are located in Central America, Southeast Asia and in the regions of the Black and Caspian Sea. Based on this approach, planned dam locations are classified according to their potential impact on freshwater megafauna species at different spatial scales, attention to potential conflicts between climate mitigation and biodiversity conservation are highlighted, and priorities for freshwater management are recommended.

Documentation et gestion du patrimoine archéologique de la chaîne montagneuse tuniso-libyenne via l'utilisation des nouvelles technologies : résultats préliminaires

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Héla Mekki
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Direct Evaluation ◽  
Nouvelles Technologies ◽  
Data Assessment ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
Indirect Evaluation ◽  
Management And Conservation

Abstract The mountain range formed by Jebels Matmata, Demmer and Nefoussa which links the two countries, Tunisia and Libya, is strewn with archaeological remains that are little known today, due in part to the rugged terrain which makes it difficult to see them. This issue has been helped by the use of new technologies, in this case remote sensing and QGIS software. Archaeological evidence has been uncovered and more than 3,900 sites and monuments have been detected on the sides of these mountains. In addition to the inventory of unknown archaeological sites, the main aim of the work was to draw up a management and conservation plan to provide, with an order of priority, a strategy for the safeguard and conservation of the mountain heritage. This management plan was only possible through a correlation of three data: assessment of values, identification of threats, and study of the state of conservation. These components were studied using an indirect evaluation based on satellite imagery and direct evaluation through field visits.

Prioritizing strain insulators for raptor conservation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO GUIL ◽  
M. ÁNGELES SORIA ◽  
VÍCTOR ORTEGA ◽  
RUBÉN GARCÍA-SÁNCHEZ ◽  
SILVIA VILLAVERDE-MORCILLO
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Complete Survey ◽  
Raptor Conservation ◽  
Management And Conservation

Summary Avian species often take advantage of human-made structures, such as perching on power poles, although this can lead to negative effects for both birds and infrastructure. It has been demonstrated that anchor-type pylons, with strain insulators, are amongst the most dangerous of these structures. Our goal was to develop a methodological approach to evaluate the ways in which raptors perch on the six most commonly used strain insulator configurations in Spain, and to build a risk index that can be used to prioritise them. To study the ways raptors perch, we worked with six wildlife rescue centres in central Spain for almost a year assessing these six strain insulator configurations in 83 perch trials with 176 raptors in ample flying pens. We analysed 475 complete survey days, with an approximate number of 258,960 analysed pictures, including 6,766 perchings on strain insulators. We assessed the influential factors for these 6,766 perchings and developed a novel approach to prioritise strain insulator configurations that can be used anywhere. Our results suggest that longer insulator strains (i.e. PECA-1000 and Caon-C3670) are the safest, according to our prioritization criteria, although these results require further assessment in the field. Managers and conservationists should take into account these results to improve management and conservation actions.

scholarly journals In-air hearing in Hawaiian monk seals: implications for understanding the auditory biology of Monachinae seals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandi Ruscher ◽  
Jillian M. Sills ◽  
Beau P. Richter ◽  
Colleen Reichmuth
Keyword(s):  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Elephant Seal ◽  
Critical Ratio ◽  
Mirounga Angustirostris ◽  
Northern Elephant Seal ◽  
Hearing Ability ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Monk Seals ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Hearing Abilities

AbstractThe auditory biology of Monachinae seals is poorly understood. Limited audiometric data and certain anatomical features suggest that these seals may have reduced sensitivity to airborne sounds compared to related species. Here, we describe the in-air hearing abilities of a Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi) trained to participate in a psychophysical paradigm. We report absolute (unmasked) thresholds for narrowband signals measured in quiet conditions across the range of hearing and masked thresholds measured in the presence of octave-band noise at two frequencies. The behavioral audiogram indicates a functional hearing range from 0.1 to 33 kHz and poor sensitivity, with detection thresholds above 40 dB re 20 µPa. Critical ratio measurements are elevated compared to those of other seals. The apparently reduced terrestrial hearing ability of this individual—considered with available auditory data for a northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris)—suggests that hearing in Monachinae seals differs from that of the highly sensitive Phocinae seals. Exploration of phylogenetic relationships and anatomical traits support this claim. This work advances understanding of the evolution of hearing in amphibious marine mammals and provides updated information that can be used for management and conservation of endangered Hawaiian monk seals.

Strategies to manage stream flow to benefit people and nature: a non-government conservation organisation's perspective

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
J. Pittock ◽  
R. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Stream Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
River Basins ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Flow Management ◽  
Stream Flows ◽  
Freshwater Management ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Impact

More than for any other biome, freshwater biodiversity is increasingly imperiled, particularly due to poor stream flow management and increasing demand for water diversions. The adoption by the world's governments of targets to extend water services to the poor and at the same time to conserve biodiversity increase the need to better direct investments in freshwater management. In this paper WWF draws on examples from its work to identify areas where investment can be focused to assure efficient water use and improve stream flow management, namely:• Prioritize and target those river basins and sub-catchments that are most critical for conservation of freshwater biodiversity to maintain stream flows;• Link strategic field, policy and market interventions at different scales in river basins to maximize the impact of interventions;• Implement the World Commission on Dams guidelines to minimize investment in large scale and costly infrastructure projects;• Apply market mechanisms and incentives for more sustainable production of the world's most water consuming crops;• Enhance statutory river basin management organizations to draw on their regulatory and financial powers;• Implement international agreements, such as the Convention on Wetlands;• Integrate environment and development policies.

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