Arctic Small Tool Tradition

Abstract The demand for improving the image quality of cameras has increased significantly, especially in industrial applications, such as broadcasting, on-vehicle, security, factory automation, and medicine. Surface of glass lenses, which is a key component of cameras, is formed and finished by polishing using small tools. However, the existing small tool polishing technologies exhibit serious problems including an unstable removal rate with the accumulated polishing time. In concrete, low removal rate at the beginning of the polishing process and sudden decrease in the removal rate during the polishing process significantly deteriorate stability of the removal rate. To improve the stability of the removal rate, we proposed a vibration-assisted polishing method using newly developed polishing pads with titanium dioxide particles in the previous work. Polishing experiments on glass lenses confirmed that the variation in the removal rate was suppressed by the developed polishing method; however, the reason for the improvement, in concrete, the relation between the vibration of polishing pressure and the stability of the removal rate remains unknown. In this study, we investigated and clarified the effect of the vibration of polishing pressure on the surface conditions of polishing pads, which strongly affected removal rate.

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Australian Small Tool Tradition

Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0_11017 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 110-110

Keyword(s):

Small Tool

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Restraint of Mid-Spatial-Frequency Error Aspheric Surface by Small-Tool Adaptive Polishing

Acta Optica Sinica ◽

10.3788/aos201333.0822002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 0822002

Author(s):

张健 Zhang Jian ◽

代雷 Dai Lei ◽

王飞 Wang Fei ◽

王立朋 Wang Lipeng

Keyword(s):

Spatial Frequency ◽

Frequency Error ◽

Aspheric Surface ◽

Small Tool

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Dissecting the Multiple Roles of PqsE inPseudomonas aeruginosaVirulence by Discovery of Small Tool Compounds

ACS Chemical Biology ◽

10.1021/acschembio.6b00156 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1755-1763 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Michael Zender ◽

Florian Witzgall ◽

Steffen L. Drees ◽

Elisabeth Weidel ◽

Christine K. Maurer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Roles ◽

Small Tool

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Pan-Arctic Population Movements

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766956.013.40 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Max Friesen

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Small Scale ◽

Population Movement ◽

Motivating Factors ◽

Population Movements ◽

Bowhead Whales ◽

The North ◽

North American Arctic ◽

Western Arctic ◽

Small Tool

This chapter provides description and interpretation of the two major, well-documented episodes of Arctic-wide migrations. The Paleo-Inuit (also called Paleoeskimo or Arctic Small Tool tradition) migration began around 3,200 B.C., with penetration of the central Arctic by highly mobile, small-scale hunter-gatherer groups. By around 2,500 B.C., the entire eastern Arctic had been peopled by cultures known as Pre-Dorset, Saqqaq, and Independence I. The Thule Inuit migration began around A.D. 1200, when complex maritime-oriented groups from the western Arctic initiated an extremely rapid population movement, spanning the North American Arctic within a generation. The chapter considers the timing and nature of each migration episode, as well as the motivating factors which have been proposed for them, including climate change, social or economic hardship, and acquisition of specific resources such as bowhead whales or metal.

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Material Flow Visualization of Dissimilar Friction STIR Welding Process Using Nano-Computed Tomography

Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4040915 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 140 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xun Liu ◽

Sheng Zhao ◽

Kai Chen ◽

Jun Ni

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Friction Stir Welding ◽

Heat Input ◽

Material Flow ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Weld Zone ◽

Process Conditions ◽

Rotating Speed ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Small Tool

In this study, the friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminum alloy 6061-T6511 to TRIP 780 steel is analyzed under various process conditions. Two FSW tools with different sizes are used. To understand the underlying joining mechanisms and material flow behavior, nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) is applied for a 3D visualization of material distribution in the weld. With insufficient heat input, steel fragments are generally scattered in the weld zone in large pieces. This is observed in a combined condition of big tool, small tool offset, and low rotating speed or a small tool with low rotating speed. Higher heat input improves the material flowability and generates a continuous strip of steel. The remaining steel fragments are much finer. When the volume fraction of steel involved in the stirring nugget is small, this steel strip can be in a flat shape near the bottom, which generally corresponds to a better joint quality and the joint would fracture in the base aluminum side. Otherwise, a hook structure is formed and reduces the joint strength. The joint would fail with a combined brittle behavior on the steel hook and a ductile behavior in the surrounding aluminum matrix.

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An archaeological reconstruction of Saqqaq bows, darts, harpoons, and lances

Études/Inuit/Studies ◽

10.7202/1015952ar ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 23-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bjarne Grønnow

Keyword(s):

Material Culture ◽

New World ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Complex Material ◽

West Greenland ◽

Wood Shavings ◽

Archaeological Reconstruction ◽

Insight Into ◽

Small Tool

Abstract Permafrost-preserved materials from two Saqqaq sites (ca. 3900-2600 BP) in Disko Bay, West Greenland, have provided unique insight into woodworking in the early Arctic Small Tool tradition. Use of driftwood played a decisive role in the complex material culture of Saqqaq society, and analyses of more than 15,000 artifacts, fragments, and wood shavings enable us to reconstruct the woodworking processes and all categories of toolkits. This article presents an archaeological reconstruction of the remarkably diverse and technologically advanced Saqqaq hunting toolkit, which includes darts, harpoons, lances, and bows and arrows—among the earliest preserved specimens in the New World.

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