Achieving Highly Stable Removal Rate in Small Tool Polishing of Glass Lenses

The demand for improving the image quality of cameras has increased significantly, especially in industrial applications, such as broadcasting, on-vehicle, security, factory automation, and medicine. Surface of glass lenses, which is a key component of cameras, is formed and finished by polishing using small tools. However, the existing small tool polishing technologies exhibit serious problems including an unstable removal rate with the accumulated polishing time. In concrete, low removal rate at the beginning of the polishing process and sudden decrease in the removal rate during the polishing process significantly deteriorate stability of the removal rate. To improve the stability of the removal rate, we proposed a vibration-assisted polishing method using newly developed polishing pads with titanium dioxide particles in the previous work. Polishing experiments on glass lenses confirmed that the variation in the removal rate was suppressed by the developed polishing method; however, the reason for the improvement, in concrete, the relation between the vibration of polishing pressure and the stability of the removal rate remains unknown. In this study, we investigated and clarified the effect of the vibration of polishing pressure on the surface conditions of polishing pads, which strongly affected removal rate.

Confirming a Cultural Association at the La Prele Mammoth Site (48CO1401), Converse County, Wyoming

Archaeologists have long subjected Clovis megafauna kill/scavenge sites to the highest level of scrutiny. In 1987, a Columbian mammoth (Mammuthus columbi) was found in spatial association with a small artifact assemblage in Converse County, Wyoming. However, due to the small tool assemblage, limited nature of the excavations, and questions about the security of the association between the artifacts and mammoth remains, the site was never included in summaries of human-killed/scavenged megafauna in North America. Here we present the results of four field seasons of new excavations at the La Prele Mammoth site that confirm the presence of an associated cultural occupation based on geologic context, artifact attributes, spatial distributions, protein residue analysis, and lithic microwear analysis. This new work identified a more extensive cultural occupation including the presence of multiple discrete artifact clusters in close proximity to the mammoth bone bed. This study confirms the presence of a second Clovis mammoth kill/scavenge site in Wyoming and shows the value in revisiting proposed terminal Pleistocene kill/scavenge sites.

Endomicroscopy Image Recognition using Ensemble Neural network with Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalisation

Endomicroscopy is a small tool used for cancer diagnosis, this enables in-vivo imaging at microscopic resolution closely to histology image during endoscopic procedures and captured image within the dataset has high imaging quality resulting in an inequality between moral and poor-quality images. There's no clear demonstration of the artifacts in an endomicroscopy producer. During this proposed method, the ensemble neural network (ENN) approach models to scale back the variance of predictions and reduce generalization error with contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) algorithm were used to recover the image pixel balancing. Binary classification of accuracy 98.79% has been achieved.

Endomicroscopy Image Recognition using Ensemble Neural network with Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalisation

Endomicroscopy is a small tool used for cancer diagnosis, this enables in-vivo imaging at microscopic resolution closely to histology image during endoscopic procedures and captured image within the dataset has high imaging quality resulting in an inequality between moral and poor-quality images. There's no clear demonstration of the artifacts in an endomicroscopy producer. During this proposed method, the ensemble neural network (ENN) approach models to scale back the variance of predictions and reduce generalization error with contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) algorithm were used to recover the image pixel balancing. Binary classification of accuracy 98.79% has been achieved.

Technical Resource of the Cutting Wedge is the Foundation of the Machining Regime Determination

This article argues that cutting tool wear is not just a particular case of wear found in general machinery because the whole amount of energy required for cutting is transmitted through relatively small tool-chip and tool-workpiece interfaces causing extremely high contact temperatures and pressures. This article discusses a considerably different approach to the determination of the cutting speed based upon the energy passing through the cutting wedge. Moreover, it discusses that, for a given tool material/geometry, there is a limited amount of such energy that the cutting wedge can sustain before reaching the criterion of tool life. This limit is considered as the technical resource of the cutting tool. The article establishes and verifies the existence of the detect correlation between the works done in the cutting system and in tool wear. Based on this finding, the equations to calculate the cutting speed for a chosen tool life and/or the tool life for a chosen cutting speed are proposed. The concept of the technical resource of the cutting wedge is introduced as the total amount of work done before it fails.