Digital Twin of Continuously Variable Transmission for Predictive Modeling of Dynamics and Performance Optimization

Author(s):  
Stepan Orlov ◽  
Lidia Burkovski
Author(s):  
PRASAD VINAYAK MARULKAR ◽  
S.G. JOSHI

In this paper, a typical Parallel Disk Continuously Variable Transmission System (PDCVT) is developed in the spirit and approach of Kazerounian and Furu-Szekely. In situations where a speed ratio is required to be changed frequently, continuously variable transmission is one of the desirable solutions. The PDCVT system is one such solution which offers the advantages such as high power to weight ratio and reliability in operation. First of all, the development and manufacturing details of the developed PDCVT system are discussed and experimental and theoretical values of transmission ratios have been determined with different ball diameters and materials. Also, the theoretical and experimental evaluation of transmission torque has been carried out. Experiments have been carried out to determine the system parameters: the stiffness of the spring for preloading mechanism of the system and the area of contact between the balls and rotating disks to determine the coefficient of friction.


Author(s):  
Prakash Chandra Shukla ◽  
Prashant Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Yashwant Kumar Singh ◽  
Vikas Singh ◽  

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lirong Wan ◽  
Hanzheng Dai ◽  
Qingliang Zeng ◽  
Zhiyuan Sun ◽  
Mingqian Tian

Energy-saving and emission reduction has become the theme of the world. The wheel loader has a harsh working environment, complicated working conditions, and drastic changes in load, and the performance of the engine cannot be fully utilized. Therefore, the variable speed transmission of vehicles plays a vital role in improving the efficiency and performance of the vehicle. This paper establishes the general characteristic equations for the input coupling type of hydro-mechanical continuously variable transmission (HMCVT) based on the wheel loader and determines reasonable structural forms for connection of working conditions. It establishes the general efficiency equation for the reasonable structural form for efficiency analysis and presents a method of co-validation of the simulation and test for making the results of efficiency more accurate. Through this method, the transmission performance is more accurately analyzed, which provides an important guiding role and validation for the early design of HMCVT. Eventually, it gets reasonably optimized products and reduces the design cost and cycle.


Author(s):  
A. J. Robertson ◽  
K. B. Tawi

The existence of belt/pulley misalignment in the Van Doorne metal pushing V-belt continuously variable transmission (CVT) has always been recognized by researchers and the manufacturers themselves. However, its effect has always been assumed to be negligible and search through the literature reveals no work published so far to verify this assumption. Misalignment of the belt may increase losses and the need to improve efficiency is now of paramount importance. This paper is an initial effort by the authors to address this area and study the geometrical behaviour of the belt misalignment theoretically. An equation to represent this geometrical behaviour has been developed and it is able to calculate the magnitude and position of the belt misalignment at different speed ratios and at different assembled zero belt misalignment speed ratios. The condition necessary to minimize the magnitude of the belt misalignment has been determined. Verification of the equation was obtained by using a solid modeller from a Unigraphics Version 10.4.0 computer aided design (CAD) package. It is intended that the findings from this study will enable the authors to study further the effect of misalignment on the efficiency and performance of the transmission.


Author(s):  
Kui Xu ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Nan Sha ◽  
Wei Xie ◽  
...  

Abstract In this paper, we design the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) protocol for massive multi-input multi-output (mMIMO) system with non-linear energy-harvesting (EH) terminals. In this system, the base station (BS) serves a set of uplink fixed half-duplex (HD) terminals with non-linear energy harvester. Considering the non-linearity of practical energy-harvesting circuits, we adopt the realistic non-linear EH model rather than the idealistic linear EH model. The proposed SWIPT protocol can be divided into two phases. The first phase is designed for terminals EH and downlink training. A beam domain energy beamforming method is employed for the wireless power transmission. In the second phase, the BS forms the two-layer receive beamformers for the reception of signals transmitted by terminals. In order to improve the spectral efficiency (SE) of the system, the BS transmit power- and time-switching ratios are optimized. Simulation results show the superiority of the proposed beam-domain SWIPT protocol on SE performance compared with the conventional mMIMO SWIPT protocols.


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