Mathematical Model for Manual Loading Activity in Underground mines

The paper details the approach to improve the productivity and conserving human energy in Manual loading activity. Manual loading is one of the primary activities and consumes a good amount of time for the mining crew in the underground mines. With formulation of the mathematical model, improvements in the present method of Manual loading which can conserve human energy besides increasing the productivity and reducing the time required. This mathematical model predicts the optimization of Manual loading activity. Some of the variables used to formulate this model are (1) Environment of working area, which include the ergonomic aspects; i.e. various postures of the worker, anthropometric data of the miners and environmental aspects such as illumination, ambient temperature, relative humidity and air circulation facility around the work station (2)Tools used by miner which include geometric dimensions of tools, (3) Loading of the Ore per unit time, human energy consumption etc., based on the data collected of these variables, mathematical model is formulated.

TO DEVELOP AND EVALUATE IMPACT BEHAVIOR OF JUTE FIBRE REINFORCED COMPOSITE

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact behaviors of composites, metals and water absorption of composite. The Water absorption test is used to determine the amount of water absorbed under specified conditions .These composites (JRFC) are made of natural fibre (Jute) by volume 10% reinforcing in Epoxy (Matrix) Material. The Izod impact conditions have been considered .The result shows the specific impact energy of fibre composite is higher than the other materials.

CRYOGENIC AIR CONDITIONING OF MOTOR VEHICLES

Cryogenics is the branch of physics and engineering that involves the study of very low temperatures (below 123 K), how to produce them, and how materials behave at those temperatures. It is frequently applied to low temperature refrigeration applications such as in the study of physical phenomena of materials at temperature approaching absolute zero and in the liquefaction of gases. Liquefied gases such as liquid nitrogen and liquid helium are used in many cryogenic applications. Using liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant reduces chloro-fluorocarbon (CFC) emission in atmosphere and it is an eco-friendly technique. This paper deals with usage of liquid nitrogen in air conditioning of motor vehicles. First the preparation of liquid nitrogen is discussed, followed by its storage and working as a refrigerant in air conditioning system. This is followed by its advantages and draw backs.

STUDIES ON MORPHOLOGY, MECHANICAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF PP/HDPE/EVA/ PLA BLEND MODIFIED WITH AL2O3 PARTICLES FOR CAST FILM

In this present work, study of mechanical and optical properties of PP/HDPE/EVA/PLA (80/20/5/4) blend reinforced with nano alumina (Al2O3) particles is investigated. In the production process co-rotating twin screw extruder are utilized. Reinforced films are produced with 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 phr Al2O3 contents .The screw speed of the extruder is maintained at 150 rpm. After post extrusion, cast films are prepared. Mechanical performance analysis are done in order to examine the change in tensile strength, burst strength, tear strength and kinetic coefficient of friction of the polymeric films. Optical properties are performed for obtaining the data of haze and transmittance. The morphology is studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). These results are related to the Al2O3 dispersion, to the type of the different composite formulations with PP/HDPE/EVA/PLA polymer matrix. It has been found that at 0.5 Phr loading of Al2O3 in PP/HDPE/EVA/PLA (80/20/5/4) blend has shown the highest burst and tear strength. On the other hand, the tensile strength shows decreasing order on Al2O3 loading 0.5 to 2 phr. Optical properties such as maximum value of transmittance and haze are also observed as loading of 0.5 Phr of Al2O3 in PP/HDPE/EVA/PLA (80/20/5/4) blend.

Evaluation of Supplier Selection in Manufacturing Industries using Grey Relational Analysis- A Case Study

Selection of supplier is one of the most critical activities performed by the organizations because of its strategic importance. Over the years a number of quantitative approaches have been applied to supplier selection problems. The selection process is commonly based on their previous performance records, so the ranking determines which supplier will get their supply contract. However a survey on current evaluation methods shows that they are all less objective and lack accurate data processing. These evaluation criteria often conflict, however and it is frequently impossible to find a supplier that excels in all areas. In addition some of the criteria are quantitative and some are qualitative. Thus a methodology is needed that can capture both subjective and objective evaluation measures. In this paper, we presented AHP and Grey Relational Analysis to establish a complete and accurate evaluation model for selecting suppliers based on multiple criteria and places the order quantities among them for a spinning industry

ERGONOMIC EVALUATION OF LOW COST ADJUSTABLE WORKSTATION FOR ASSEMBLY OPERATION

Ergonomics is the science and technology of fitting the activities and environment to the abilities, dimensions, and needs of people to improve performance while enhancing comfort, health and safety [1] The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of an ergonomically designed adjustable workstation for performing a repetitive industrial assembly task on operator performance and productivity. Ergonomically designed fully adjustable assembly workstations could be expensive for companies to adopt, especially the small scale industries. Therefore, a low-cost, ergonomically designed adjustable assembly workstation was designed, developed and evaluated for assembly of a product in a manufacturing company. Experiments were conducted on the existing fixed height and on the newly designed ergonomic assembly workstation using five industrial assembly operators. The operator performance on the ergonomically designed workstation was 29% higher compared to the existing non ergonomically designed fixed height assembly workstation. The increased performance was due to flexibility and ergonomic design features incorporated in the workstation.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A ALTERNATE MECHANISM FOR STONE CRUSHER USING RELATIVE VELOCITY METHOD

In this paper alternate mechanism for design and analysis of small size stone crusher mechanism is proposed. The basic idea is to optimize the design of the crusher which would be best suited for stone which need crushing force of 3 Tons. Presently for reducing sizes of stones from 10cm x 10cm to 2.5cm x 2.5cm in quarries is laborious job and is done manually our approach is to design a best optimum mechanism for said conditions.

UPGRADATION OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN USING NANOCLAYS AND THE EFFECT OF PROCESS VARIABLES ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYESTER/CLAY NANOCOMPOSITES

This paper addresses the effects of operating variables on mechanical properties of polyester/clay nanocomposites including tensile strength, percentage elongation etc. The variables were clay type, clay content, and prepolymer–clay mixing type. The experiments were carried out based on the design of experiments using statistical methods. The nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ polymerization of polyester and clay (dissolved using styrene monomer) with Methyl-ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) as catalyst in Cobalt base accelerator. Unmodified Kaolinite clay and Vinyl silane modified clay are the two types of clay examined. The parameters studied, clay type and mixing method are found to have significant effects on mechanical properties. Polyester nanocomposites showed larger improvements in mechanical properties compared to pristine polyester, especially when sonicator type of mixing is employed due to the favorable shear forces exerted by polymer matrix on clay aggregates during polymer–clay mixing. It is observed that the stress and elongation at break of the nanocomposite samples can be optimized with a particular percentage of clay loading. Characterizations of the nano composites were also made using techniques like SEM.

ESTIMATING THE EFFECT OF MACHINING PARAMETERS ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS DURING MACHINING OF HARDENED EN24 STEEL USING COATED CARBIDE INSERTS

In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the performance of multilayer coated carbide inserts during dry turning of hardened EN24 steel (47 HRC). The effect of machining parameters (depth of cut, feed and cutting speed) on surface roughness parameters (Ra and Rz) were investigated by applying ANOVA. The experiments were planned based on Taguchi’s L27 Orthogonal array design. Results showed that surface roughness parameters (Ra and Rz) are mainly influenced by feed and cutting speed, whereas depth of cut exhibits minimum influence on surface roughness (Rz) and neglegible influence in case of surface roughness (Ra). The experimental data were further anlyzed to predict the optimal range of surface roughness parameters (Ra and Rz). Finally, second order regression models were carried out to find out the relationship between the machining parameters and surface roughness parameters.

EFFECT OF A-TIG WELDING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON PENETRATION IN MILD STEEL PLATES

TIG welding is mostly used to weldthin sections for high surface finish. A major drawback in the processis having very small penetration as compare to other arc welding process. The problem can be avoided by using active flux in conventional TIG welding. In the present study investigate theoptimization of A-TIG welding process on mild steel for an optimal parameter by using Taguchi technique. Theeffect of various process parameters (welding current (I), welding speed (V), active flux) .IN the present study efforts were made to increase the weld penetration by appling the active flux and to optimize the process parameters.