scholarly journals South Sudan: The SDF and “Protection of Civilians”

2022 ◽  
pp. 141-164
Author(s):  
Hiromi Nagata Fujishige ◽  
Yuji Uesugi ◽  
Tomoaki Honda
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Job Training ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
Internally Displaced People ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe Japan Engineering Groups (JEG) deployment to the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) from 2012 to 2017 exhibited consecutive aspects of “integration” and “robustness.” During the first two years, Japan’s method of “integration,” or the “All Japan” approach, fit well with UNMISS’s focus on statebuilding. It yielded various outcomes, not only in the restoration of facilities and infrastructure (e.g., road construction) but also in the nonengineering support provided to the locals (e.g., job training). With the outbreak of de facto civil war in December 2013, however, UNMISS’s top priority moved from statebuilding to Protection of Civilians (PoC), thereby intensifying inclinations toward “robustness.” Afterward, the JEG mostly focused on the construction of a PoC site, that is, a shelter for evacuated locals and internally displaced people. While security in South Sudan continued to deteriorate, the amendment to the Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) Act as part of the 2015 Peace and Security Legislation enabled the Government of Japan (GoJ) to assign the JEG to partial security missions, such as the “coming-to-aid” duty. In the end, however, the GoJ abruptly withdrew the JEG in May 2017, thereby discontinuing the series of SDF deployments to United Nations Peacekeeping Operations since 1992.

South Sudan

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Giffen
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
United Nations ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
United Nations Peacekeeping ◽  
The Government ◽  
Do So

Two years and five months following the country’s independence from Sudan, a political crisis in South Sudan quickly devolved into a civil war marked by violence that could amount to atrocities. At the time, a United Nations peacekeeping operation, UNMISS, was the principal multinational intervention in South Sudan. UNMISS was explicitly mandated to assist the government of South Sudan to fulfil its responsibility to protect and was also authorized to protect civilians when the government was unable or unwilling to do so. Despite this role, UNMISS’s Special Representative of the Secretary-General said that no one could have predicted the scale or speed at which the violence unfolded. This chapter explores whether the atrocities could have been predicted by UNMISS, why UNMISS was unprepared, and what other peacekeeping operations can learn from UNMISS’s experience.

The Political Economy of Famine in Sudan and the Horn of Africa

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
John Prendergast
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Recent History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Internally Displaced People ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
The Government

Over 300,000 Sudanese perished primarily from hunger during 1988-89 in one of the most avoidable human tragedies in recent history. Mostly from the war-torn southern part of the country, these civilians were deliberately starved by central government, and to a lesser extent the insurgent Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), which used the deprivation of food as a tactic of war. The threat of further genocidal actions by the Islamic fundamentalist junta in Khartoum and the private militias allied with the government continue to daily threaten the lives of millions of internally displaced people. Due to these man-made causes and nature’s lack of rain, up to ten million Sudanese are at risk of malnutrition, hunger and starvation in 1991.

scholarly journals Challenges to the implementation and adoption of physical distancing measures against COVID-19 by internally displaced people in Mali: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Ag Ahmed ◽  
Birama Apho Ly ◽  
Niélé Hawa Diarra ◽  
Fatoumata Bintou Traore ◽  
Djeneba Diarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Internally Displaced People ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Policies

Abstract Background For almost a decade now, Mali has been facing a security crisis that led to the displacement of thousands of people within the country. Since March 2020, a health crisis linked to the COVID-19 pandemic also surfaced. To overcome this health crisis, the government implemented some physical distancing measures but their adoption proved difficult, particularly among internally displaced people (IDPs). The objective of this study is to identify the challenges relating to the implementation and adoption of physical distancing measures and to determine the main mitigation measures taken by IDPs to adjust to these new policies. Methods An exploratory qualitative research was conducted in Bamako and Ségou, two of the ten regions of Mali. The study counted 68 participants including 50 IDPs, seven administrative and health authorities, and 11 humanitarian actors. Sampling was guided by the principle of saturation and diversification, and data was collected through semi-structured individual interviews (n = 36) and focus groups (n = eight). Analysis was based on thematic content analysis through NVivo software. Results The main challenges identified concerning the implementation and adoption of physical distancing measures include the proximity in which IDPs live, their beliefs and values, the lack of toilets and safe water on sites, IDPs habits and economic situation, humanitarian actors’ lack of financial resources and authority, and social pressure from religious leaders. Implemented mitigation measures include the building of new shelters or their compartmentalization, the creation of income-generating activities and food banks, psychosocial support, promoting awareness of IDPs, and nightly police patrols and surveillance to discourage IDPs from going out. Finally, a call for action is suggested for the actors involved in IDPs support and management. Conclusions The study demonstrates the difficulty for IDPs to follow most of the physical distancing measures and informs about the risk of disease spreading among IDPs with its potential consequences. It also shows the inability of mitigation measures to control the outbreak and suggests actions to be considered.

scholarly journals Obstacles to Education of the Children of Refugees and IDP: Lessons and Policy Options from the European Union’s ‘Education for Life’ Project in Uganda and South Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-206
Author(s):  
Steve Nwokeocha
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Internally Displaced People ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
Resilience Framework

The study documented the obstacles to the education of the children of refugees and internally displaced people (IDP), especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and policy options. While it reviewed the global situation, it substantially reported the experiences of the European Union’s Education for Life Project which provided Accelerated Education Programme (AEP) for the children of refugees and IDP in Uganda and South Sudan. It gathered data from three keys sources: UNHCR and related literature; reports of the Education for Life Project; and Focused Group Discussion (FGD) with key officials of the Project. It revealed the existence of 79.5 million people displaced world-wide (which include 26 million refugees and 45.7 million IDPs). About 7.1 million children of the refugees and IDP are of schooling age with only 3.4 million accessing education. Relying on the United Nations [1] Resilience Framework, the study recommended policies to ensure that the learners, teachers, and education system have the capacity to withstand the COVID-19 pandemic and future emergencies.

scholarly journals Differences in the Incidence of Malaria between Internally Displaced People and General Population of Colombia from 2007 to 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 319-320
Author(s):  
A.J. Rodriguez-Morales ◽  
H.A. Bedoya-Arias ◽  
N. Sánchez-Ramírez ◽  
J.E. Bedoya-Arias ◽  
N. Hurtado-Hurtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Internally Displaced People ◽  
Displaced People

The unmet needs of refugees and internally displaced people

The Lancet ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 392 (10164) ◽  
pp. 2530-2532 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Miliband ◽  
Mesfin Teklu Tessema
Keyword(s):  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Internally Displaced People ◽  
Displaced People
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