Species relationships, introgression and physical mapping in Lolium perenne x Festuca pratensis hybrids

2000 ◽  
pp. 277-285
Author(s):  
I. P. King ◽  
W. G. Morgan ◽  
I. P. Armstead ◽  
J. King ◽  
T. A. H. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Physical Mapping ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Species Relationships

A Demonstration of a 1:1 Correspondence Between Chiasma Frequency and Recombination Using a Lolium perenne/Festuca pratensis Substitution

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
J King ◽  
L A Roberts ◽  
M J Kearsey ◽  
H M Thomas ◽  
R N Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Frequency Counts

Abstract A single chromosome of the grass species Festuca pratensis has been introgressed into Lolium perenne to produce a diploid monosomic substitution line (2n = 2x = 14). The chromatin of F. pratensis and L. perenne can be distinguished by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and it is therefore possible to visualize the substituted F. pratensis chromosome in the L. perenne background and to study chiasma formation in a single marked bivalent. Recombination occurs freely in the F. pratensis/L. perenne bivalent, and chiasma frequency counts give a predicted map length for this bivalent of 76 cM. The substituted F. pratensis chromosome was also mapped with 104 EcoRI/Tru91 and HindIII/Tru91 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), generating a marker map of 81 cM. This map length is almost identical to the map length of 76 cM predicted from the chiasma frequency data. The work demonstrates a 1:1 correspondence between chiasma frequency and recombination and, in addition, the absence of chromatid interference across the Festuca and Lolium centromeres.

Inflorescence development and seed production in Lolium spp. × Festuca pratensis tetraploid hybrids

1975 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cremades ◽  
E. W. Bean
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
Tetraploid Hybrid ◽  
Pollen Release ◽  
Sufficient Variation ◽  
Reproductive Characters

SUMMARYThe reproductive development and seed production characters of a Lolium multiflorum × Festuca pratensis tetraploid hybrid and a Lolium perenne × Festuca pratensis tetraploid hybrid were compared with those of their tetraploid parental cultivars. Experiments were carried out under glasshouse and natural conditions; single plants were studied as only small quantities of seed were available from the breeder. The lowtemperature/short-day requirements for inflorescence induction of the two hybrids were in between those of the corresponding parental species. The variance of the date at which vegetative primordia changed to the reproductive condition was greater in the hybrids than in the parental cultivars, but the variance of the dates of inflorescence emergence were similar for the hybrids and parental cultivars. Inflorescences ranged from the Lolium type with only sessile spikelets to the Festuca type with primary branches. Inner glumes, which are absent in the Lolium parents but present in Festuca pratensis, were found in the hybrids, though not in all spikelets. In the Lolium perenne × Festuca pratensis hybrid pollen release, potential pollen viability and floret fertility were low, but the Lolium multiflorum × Festuca pratensis hybrid produced large amounts of pollen with a higher potential viability and had floret fertilities similar to those of its two parental cultivars. There was sufficient variation in reproductive characters for further selection, particularly in the Lolium perenne × Festuca pratensis hybrid.

scholarly journals Introgression mapping in the grasses. II. Meiotic analysis of the Lolium perenne/Festuca pratensis triploid hybrid

Heredity ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
I P King ◽  
W G Morgan ◽  
J A Harper ◽  
H M Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Triploid Hybrid ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Meiotic Analysis

scholarly journals Contribution of different grass species to plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grassland

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mattsson ◽  
B. Herrmann ◽  
S. Jones ◽  
A. Neftel ◽  
M. A. Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Compensation Point ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Apoplastic Ph ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Ammonia Exchange

Abstract. Species diversity in grasslands usually declines with increasing input of nitrogen from fertilizers or atmospheric deposition. Conversely, species diversity may also impact the build-up of soil and plant nitrogen pools. One important pool is NH3/NH4+ which also can be exchanged between plant leaves and the atmosphere. Limited information is available on how plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange is related to species diversity in grasslands. We have here investigated grass species abundance and different foliar nitrogen pools in 4-year-old intensively managed grassland. Apoplastic pH and NH4+ concentrations of the 8 most abundant species (Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Festuca pratensis, Lolium multiflorum, Poa pratensis, Dactylis glomerata, Holcus lanatus, Bromus mollis) were used to calculate stomatal NH3 compensation points. Apoplastic NH4+ concentrations differed considerably among the species, ranging from 13 to 117 μM, with highest values in Festuca pratensis. Also apoplastic pH values varied, from pH 6.0 in Phleum pratense to 6.9 in Dactylis glomerata. The observed differences in apoplastic NH4+ and pH resulted in a large span of predicted values for the stomatal NH3 compensation point which ranged between 0.20 and 6.57 nmol mol−1. Three species (Lolium perenne, Festuca pratensis and Dactylis glomerata) had sufficiently high NH3 compensation point and abundance to contribute to the bi-directional NH3 fluxes recorded over the whole field. The other 5 grass species had NH3 compensation points considerably below the atmospheric NH3 concentration and were thus not likely to contribute to NH3 emission but only to NH3 uptake from the atmosphere. Evaluated across species, leaf bulk-tissue NH4+ concentrations correlated well (r2=0.902) with stomatal NH3 compensation points calculated on the basis of the apoplastic bioassay. This suggests that leaf tissue NH4+ concentrations combined with data for the frequency distribution of the corresponding species can be used for predicting the NH3 exchange potential of a mixed grass sward.

Genome balance in six successive generations of the allotetraploid Festuca pratensis × Lolium perenne

2006 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Zwierzykowski ◽  
Arkadiusz Kosmala ◽  
Elżbieta Zwierzykowska ◽  
Neil Jones ◽  
Wojciech Jokś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Successive Generations

Genomic structure and fertility in advanced breeding populations derived from an allotetraploid Festuca pratensis × Lolium perenne cross

2011 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Zwierzykowski ◽  
Elŝbieta Zwierzykowska ◽  
Magdalena Taciak ◽  
Arkadiusz Kosmala ◽  
R. Neil Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Breeding Populations

scholarly journals Evaluation of Suitability of Grass Species for Dry Conditions (Water Stress)

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 953-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo António Jerónimo ◽  
František Hrabě ◽  
Pavel Knot ◽  
Michal Kvasnovský
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Number Of Stems

Based on three-year results of a field experiment evaluating aboveground biomass production and the number of stems of above-ground shoots of grass species (Lolium perenne, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis) grown in a 200×200 mm layout in two water regime variants (normal and reduced – 50% of precipitation) and further in two variants of mowing intensity (meadow – 3 mowings, grazing – 5 mowings per year), the following has been ascertained. The most productive species on averages of the two moisture regimes is Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne and Festuca pratensis have fodder weight significantly lower by 20.8% and 22.6% (meadow var.) and 16.9% and 21.9% (grazing var.). Reduction of moisture significantly decreased the above ground biomass weight in case of meadow exploitation in Dactylis glomerata −41.2%, in Lolium perenne by −9.9% and in Festuca pratensis −33.5%. In case of grazing exploitation, the influence of “drought” on production was less pronounced. Dactylis glomerata provided the same output, in Lolium perenne there was a decrease of −15.7% and in Festuca pratensis −11.9%. Reduction of precipitation significantly decreased shoot formation particularly in case of meadow utilization in Lolium perenne −23.7%, Dactylis glomerata −34.7% and Festuca pratensis −20.5%. In case of grazing utilization, reduction in the number of pseudostems due to “drought” was lower – in the order of the above species – 27.1% – 4.6% – 9.6%. Generally, compared with meadow utilization, grazing utilization decreases fodder production in both moisture regimes and increases the number of above-ground shoots.

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