Secret Communication When the Eavesdropper Might Be an Active Adversary

2014 ◽  
pp. 121-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Garnaev ◽  
Wade Trappe
Keyword(s):  
Secret Communication

Defensive Measure of Audio Secret Communication Based on Beamforming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Guo ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Haoran Sun ◽  
Zeguang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secret Communication ◽  
Defensive Measure

Secret Error-Correcting Network Coding against Eavesdropping and Pollution Attacks

2012 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 1499-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Guang Chen ◽  
Meng Wu ◽  
Wei Feng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Network Coding ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Transmitted Information ◽  
Information Theoretic Security ◽  
Secret Communication ◽  
Pollution Attacks ◽  
Rank Metric Codes ◽  
Shared Secret ◽  
And Performance

In this work we consider the problem of designing a secret error-correcting network coding scheme against an adversary that can re-select the tapping links in different time slot and inject z erroneous packets into network. We first derive a necessary condition for keeping the transmitted information secret from the adversary, while the network is only subject to the eavesdropping attack. We then design an error-correcting scheme by combining the rank-metric codes with shared secret model, which can decode the transmitted information correctly provided a sufficiently large q. With that, a secret error-correcting network coding is proposed by combining this error-correcting scheme with secret communication. We show that under the requirement of communication can achieve a rate of packets. Moreover, it ensures that the communicated information is reliable and information-theoretic security from the adversary. In particular, the requirement of packet length is not as large as the required in [12]. Finally, the security and performance analyses illustrate the characteristics of our scheme.

Secret Communication Techniques

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Hiding Capacity ◽  
Video Steganography ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Secret Communication ◽  
Text Steganography ◽  
Distortion Measure

This chapter introduces the reader to cryptography, steganography, watermarking, and quality parameters of image steganography techniques. Cryptography is a technique for secret communication. Steganography is a technique for secret and unnoticeable communication. The watermarking techniques hide watermarks inside the digital media. There are four types of steganography techniques: (1) image steganography, (2) audio steganography, (3) video steganography, and (4) text steganography. The quality of image steganographic algorithms can be measured by three parameters like (1) hiding capacity, (2) distortion measure, and (3) security check.

Evolution of Information-Hiding Technology

2008 ◽  
pp. 144-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Der-Chyuan Lou ◽  
Jiang-Lung Liu ◽  
Hao-Kuan Tso
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Information Hiding ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
World War ◽  
Secret Communication ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Coded Messages ◽  
By Products

Information-hiding technology is an ancient art and has existed for several centuries. In the past, messages could easily be intercepted because there was no technology of secret communication. Hence, a third party was able to read the message easily. This was all changed during 440 B.C., that is, the Greek Herod’s era. The Greek historian Herodotus in his writing of histories stated that Demaratus was the first person who used the technique of information hiding. Demaratus, a Greek who lived in Persia, smuggled a secret message to Sparta under the cover of wax. The main intent was to warn Sparta that Xerxes, king of Persia, was planning an invasion on Greece by using his great naval fleet. He knew it would be very difficult to send the message to Sparta without it being intercepted. Hence, he came up with the idea of using a wax tablet to hide the secret message. In order to hide the secret message, he removed all the wax from the tablet, leaving only the wood underneath. He then wrote the secret message into the wood and recovered the tablet with the wax. The wax covered his message to make the wax tablet look like a blank one. Demaratus’ message was hidden and never discovered by the Persians. Hence, the secret message was sent to Sparta successfully. Greece was able to defeat the invading Persians by using the secret message. Another example of information hiding was employed by another Greek named Histaiaeus. Histaiaeus wanted to instigate a revolt against the Persian king and had to deliver a secret message about the revolt to Persia. He came up with the shaved-head technique. Histaiaeus decided to shave the head of his most trusted slave and then tattooed the secret message on his bald scalp. When the hair grew back, the secret message was covered, and then Histaiaeus ordered the slave to leave for Persia. When the slave reached his destination, his head was shaved, showing the secret message to the intended recipient. Around 100 A.D., transparent inks made it into the secret field of information hiding. Pliny discovered that the milk of the thithymallus plant could easily be used as transparent ink. If a message was written with the milk, it would soon evaporate and left no residue. It seemed that the message was completely erased. But once the completely dried milk was heated, it would begin to char and turned to a brown color. Hence, the secret message could be written on anything that was not too flammable. The reason it turned brown was because the milk was loaded with carbon, and when carbon was heated, it tended to char. Information hiding became downfallen and won no respect until World Wars I and II. Invisible inks, such as milk, vinegar, fruit juices, and urine, were extensively used during the wars. All of them would darken when they were heated. The technology was quite simple and noticeable. Furthermore, World War II also brought about two inventions of new technologies. The first one was the invention of the microdot technology. The microdot technology was invented by the Germans to convey secret messages to their allies. The microdot was basically a highly detailed picture shrunk to about the size of a period or dot, which permitted hiding large amounts of data into the little microdot. By using a microscope, the hidden message would be revealed. The Germans would put their dots into their letters, and they were almost undetectable to the naked eye. The other technology was the use of open-coded messages. For open-coded messages, certain letters of each word were used to spell out the secret message. Open-coded messages used normal words and messages to write the buffer text that hid the message. Because they seemed normal, they often passed the check of security. For example, the following message was a common example of open-coded messages and was actually sent by a German spy during World War II. Apparently neutral’s protest is thoroughly discounted and ignored. Isman hard hit. Blockade issue affects pretext for embargo on by-products, ejecting suets and vegetable oils. By extracting the second letter in each word, the secret message was revealed: Pershing sails from NY June 1. This technique was effective because it could pass through the check of security and was easy for someone to decode (Johnson, Duric, & Jajodia, 2001; Katzenbeisser & Petitcolas, 2000; Schaefer, 2001). The technologies mentioned here are different ways of information hiding in different eras. With the development of computer technology, it is becoming hard for the third party to discover the secret message.

scholarly journals Controlled and Secure Direct Communication Using GHZ State and Teleportation

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 597-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gao
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Channel ◽  
Quantum Teleportation ◽  
Ghz State ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Controlled Quantum Teleportation ◽  
Direct Communication ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theoretical Scheme ◽  
Secret Communication ◽  
Two Sides

A theoretical scheme for controlled and secure direct communication is proposed. The communication is based on GHZ state and controlled quantum teleportation. After insuring the security of the quantum channel (a set of qubits in the GHZ state), Alice encodes the secret message directly on a sequence of particle states in the GHZ state and transmits them to Bob, supervised by Charlie using controlled quantum teleportation. Bob can read out the encoded messages directly by the measurement on his qubits. In this scheme, the controlled quantum teleportation transmits Alice’s message without revealing any information to a potential eavesdropper. Because there is not a transmission of the qubit carrying the secret messages between Alice and Bob in the public channel, it is completely secure for controlled and direct secret communication if a perfect quantum channel is used. The feature of this scheme is that the communication between two sides depends on the agreement of a third side.

Secret Communication over Fading Channels

2009 ◽  
pp. 281-309
Author(s):  
B. Azimi-Sadjadi ◽  
A. Kiayias ◽  
A. Mercado ◽  
B. Yener
Keyword(s):  
Fading Channels ◽  
Secret Communication

scholarly journals Learning an Adversary’s Actions for Secret Communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1607-1624
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Tahmasbi ◽  
Matthieu R. Bloch ◽  
Aylin Yener
Keyword(s):  
Secret Communication

scholarly journals Reversible Data Hiding Using Inter-Component Prediction in Multiview Video Plus Depth

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Young Lee ◽  
Cheonshik Kim ◽  
Ching-Nung Yang
Keyword(s):  
Video Compression ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
3D Video ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Secret Communication ◽  
Multiview Video ◽  
Prediction Error Expansion ◽  
Hidden Data

With the advent of 3D video compression and Internet technology, 3D videos have been deployed worldwide. Data hiding is a part of watermarking technologies and has many capabilities. In this paper, we use 3D video as a cover medium for secret communication using a reversible data hiding (RDH) technology. RDH is advantageous, because the cover image can be completely recovered after extraction of the hidden data. Recently, Chung et al. introduced RDH for depth map using prediction-error expansion (PEE) and rhombus prediction for marking of 3D videos. The performance of Chung et al.’s method is efficient, but they did not find the way for developing pixel resources to maximize data capacity. In this paper, we will improve the performance of embedding capacity using PEE, inter-component prediction, and allowable pixel ranges. Inter-component prediction utilizes a strong correlation between the texture image and the depth map in MVD. Moreover, our proposed scheme provides an ability to control the quality of depth map by a simple formula. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is more efficient than the existing RDH methods in terms of capacity.

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