A Note on Pattern Structures and Their Projections

2015 ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Lumpe ◽  
Stefan E. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Structures

Biotransformation of Coumarins by Filamentous Fungi: An Alternative Way for Achievement of Bioactive Analogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 568-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jainara Santos do Nascimento ◽  
João Carlos Silva Conceição ◽  
Eliane de Oliveira Silva
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Pattern Structures ◽  
Pharmacological Interest ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Compounds

Coumarins are natural 1,2-benzopyrones, present in remarkable amounts as secondary metabolites in edible and medicinal plants. The low yield in the coumarins isolation from natural sources, along with the difficulties faced by the total synthesis, make them attractive for biotechnological studies. The current literature contains several reports on the biotransformation of coumarins by fungi, which can generate chemical analogs with high selectivity, using mild and eco-friendly conditions. Prompted by the enormous pharmacological interest in the coumarin-related compounds, their alimentary and chemical applications, this review covers the biotransformation of coumarins by filamentous fungi. The chemical structures of the analogs were presented and compared with those from the pattern structures. The main chemical reactions catalyzed the insertion of functional groups, and the impact on the biological activities caused by the chemical transformations were discussed. Several chemical reactions can be catalyzed by filamentous fungi in the coumarin scores, mainly lactone ring opening, C3-C4 reduction and hydroxylation. Chunninghamella sp. and Aspergillus sp. are the most common fungi used in these transformations. Concerning the substrates, the biotransformation of pyranocoumarins is a rarer process. Sometimes, the bioactivities were improved by the chemical modifications and coincidences with the mammalian metabolism were pointed out.

Deriving Infill Design of Fused Deposition Modelled Parts From Predicted Stress Profiles

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Gopsill ◽  
Ben J. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Process Time ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Pattern Structures ◽  
Initial Work ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
Multiple Materials

The use of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is increasing rapidly in both the commercial and industrial sectors as a means of rapidly prototyping geometrically complex parts. Particular affordances of FDM include the reduction of waste material during manufacture, the use of multiple materials within a single manufacturing process and the ability to manipulate the internal geometry of a part. The latter of which has seen the generation of many 2-dimensional repeating pattern structures such as square, rectilinear and hexagonal, as well as an emerging field of 3-dimensional structures. Although these patterns have provided stiffness and rigidity whilst reducing the production time of FDM prototypes, many do not consider the actual loading conditions of the part in-situ, where it is argued that further significant gains in the performance could be achieved. This includes further reduction in process time and increased part functionality. Thus, this paper presents initial work into the generation of an infill that is derived from the predicted stress profile for the part. This has been achieved through the post-processing of Finite Element (FE) models to identify the stress profile. Interpolation across these profiles leads to a set of aligned Bézier splines that enable the transmission of force and are also able to be manufactured using FDM. These splines are embedded within the typical slicing procedure of a part ahead of being manufactured on a FDM machine. Initial results from parts designed to support three-point bending loads show a 79% increase in the stiffness of the part alongside a consistent and repeatable mode of failure when compared to the commonly used honeycomb infill design.

Microsteganography on All Inorganic Perovskite Micro-Platelets by Direct Laser Writing

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhang Sheng ◽  
Cihui Liu ◽  
Liyan Yu ◽  
Yunyi Yang ◽  
Fengrui Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Laser Writing ◽  
Fabrication Technology ◽  
Laser Writing ◽  
Micro Fabrication ◽  
Inorganic Perovskite ◽  
Pattern Structures ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Micro Fabrication Technology

Direct laser writing (DLW) is a mask-free and cost-efficient micro-fabrication technology, which has been explored to pattern structures on perovskites. However, there is still a lack of research on DLW...

scholarly journals Strain mode of general flow: Characterization and implications for flow pattern structures

AIChE Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 2563-2569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuya Nakayama ◽  
Toshihisa Kajiwara ◽  
Tatsunori Masaki
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Strain Mode ◽  
General Flow ◽  
Flow Characterization ◽  
Pattern Structures

X-rays to study, induce, and pattern structures in sol–gel materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Falcaro ◽  
Plinio Innocenzi
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Pattern Structures

scholarly journals Pattern Formation and Tropical Geometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Kalinin
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Tropical Geometry ◽  
Quadratic Functions ◽  
Linear Defects ◽  
Superharmonic Functions ◽  
Pattern Structures ◽  
Sandpile Models ◽  
Main Ideas

Sandpile models exhibit fascinating pattern structures: patches, characterized by quadratic functions, and line-shaped patterns (also called solitons, webs, or linear defects). It was predicted by Dhar and Sadhu that sandpile patterns with line-like features may be described in terms of tropical geometry. We explain the main ideas and technical tools—tropical geometry and discrete superharmonic functions—used to rigorously establish certain properties of these patterns. It seems that the aforementioned tools have great potential for generalization and application in a variety of situations.

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