Hydraulic Fracturing and Shale Gas: Environmental and Health Impacts

2016 ◽  
pp. 293-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsue-Peng Loh ◽  
Nancy Loh
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Health Impacts

Shale, Quakes, and High Stakes: Regulating Fracking-Induced Seismicity in Oklahoma, USA and Lancashire, UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Miriam R. Aczel ◽  
Karen E. Makuch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
High Volume ◽  
The United States ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Induced Seismic Activity

High-volume hydraulic fracturing combined with horizontal drilling has “revolutionized” the United States’ oil and gas industry by allowing extraction of previously inaccessible oil and gas trapped in shale rock [1]. Although the United States has extracted shale gas in different states for several decades, the United Kingdom is in the early stages of developing its domestic shale gas resources, in the hopes of replicating the United States’ commercial success with the technologies [2, 3]. However, the extraction of shale gas using hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling poses potential risks to the environment and natural resources, human health, and communities and local livelihoods. Risks include contamination of water resources, air pollution, and induced seismic activity near shale gas operation sites. This paper examines the regulation of potential induced seismic activity in Oklahoma, USA, and Lancashire, UK, and concludes with recommendations for strengthening these protections.

Impact of Shut-in Time on Production after Hydraulic Fracturing in Fractured Shale Gas Formation: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 103773
Author(s):  
Xingyuan Liang ◽  
Tianbo Liang ◽  
Fujian Zhou ◽  
Caizhong Wang ◽  
Kai Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Gas Formation

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Fracturing Water Effects on Shale Gas Permeability Alteration

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 727-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vena. F. Eveline ◽  
I. Yucel Akkutlu ◽  
George J. Moridis
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Water Effects ◽  
Permeability Alteration

Stress heterogeneity in the Changning shale-gas field, southern Sichuan Basin: Implications for a hydraulic fracturing strategy

2021 ◽  
pp. 105218
Author(s):  
Rui Liu ◽  
Dingchuan Jiang ◽  
Jian Zheng ◽  
Fang Hao ◽  
Cui Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Sichuan Basin ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Stress Heterogeneity

Poroelastic stress triggered seismic activity in the Changning shale gas hydraulic fracturing region, Sichuan Basin, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tao ◽  
Renqi Lu ◽  
Dengfa He ◽  
Jianbao Sun ◽  
Yuxin Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Sichuan Basin

Study of the interaction between microstructure and macroscopic behavior for hydraulic fracturing areas during shale gas extraction

Fractals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Ning ◽  
Suo Yunshen ◽  
Ye Dayu ◽  
Liu Guannan ◽  
Wang Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
Macroscopic Behavior

Environmental impact and treatment of hydraulic fracturing in shale gas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Wang ◽  
Lifa Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Geological Disasters ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater

<p>Hydraulic fracturing is one of the key technologies to stimulate shale gas production and may have some environmental impacts while enhancing shale gas development. Through the introduction of hydraulic fracturing technology from the design and construction aspects, analysis of its potential adverse environmental impacts in water resource consumption, surface water and groundwater pollution, geological disasters, and other aspects, and based on the existing problems to form targeted solutions.</p><p>According to EIA report, during the stimulation process of shale gas fracturing, the amount of water resources is about 10,000m<sup>3</sup>, of which 20%-80% can be returned, and the flowback rate of Shale gas in China is 20%-60%, which means that at least 20%-40% polluted water containing various chemical raw materials will be hidden in the formation for a long time. The shale flowback rate in China is significantly lower than that in the United States, not only due to formation conditions, but also due to equipment and technology. In view of this situation, it is necessary to control the whole process from design to construction.</p><p>In the design process of hydraulic fracturing of shale gas, real-time control of the fracture range is carried out in conjunction with seismic monitoring and software simulation fitting, so as to reduce the consumption of water resources on the premise of achieving the purpose of increasing production. Especially, to reducing the fracturing program as much as possible in the water-scarce areas, so as to ensure the security of public water resources. Reduce the use of chemical additives to alleviate the pollution of surface water and groundwater. After detection of possible pollution, determine the amount of pollution sources on site and carry out comprehensive pollutant recovery and treatment. Strictly prohibit high-risk pollution sources from entering the fracturing fluid process. At the same time, the fracturing fluid is used to recycled and purified. In terms of geological disasters caused by fracturing, high-risk geological disaster zones should be identified and monitored in advance to prevent large-scale geological activities caused by micro-earthquakes caused by fracturing from causing uncontrollable geological disasters.</p>

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