Traditional Subsistence Activities and Change

2015 ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Marie-Jeanne S. Royer
Keyword(s):  
Subsistence Activities

scholarly journals Constrained firms, not subsistence activities: Evidence on capital returns and accumulation in Peruvian microenterprises

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 94-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Dodlova ◽  
Kristin Göbel ◽  
Michael Grimm ◽  
Jann Lay
Keyword(s):  
Subsistence Activities

“The ice has gone”: Vernacular meteorology, fisheries and human–ice relationships on Sakhalin Island

Polar Record ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Mamontova
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rural People ◽  
The Past ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Subsistence Activities ◽  
Human Subsistence

Abstract This paper examines vernacular weather observations amongst rural people on Sakhalin, Russia’s largest island on the Pacific Coast, and their relationship to the ice. It is based on a weather diary (2000–2016) of one of the local inhabitants and fieldwork that the author conducted in the settlement of Trambaus in 2016. The diary as a community-based weather monitoring allows us to examine how people understand, perceive and deal with the weather both daily and in the long-term perspective. Research argues that amongst all natural phenomena, the ice is the most crucial for the local inhabitants as it determines human subsistence activities, navigation and relations with other environmental forces and beings. People perceive the ice as having an agency, engage in a dialogue with it, learn and adjust themselves to its drifting patterns. Over the past decade, the inability to predict the ice’s behaviour has become a major problem affecting people’s well-being in the settlement. The paper advocates further integrating vernacular weather observations and their relations with natural forces into research on climate change and local fisheries management policies.

scholarly journals Prehistoric pigment characterisation of the Abri Pataud rock-shelter (Dordogne, France)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Lebon ◽  
Lucile Beck ◽  
Sylvain Grégoire ◽  
Laurent Chiotti ◽  
Roland Nespoulet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Rock Shelter ◽  
Layer 2 ◽  
Subsistence Activities ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Iron Oxide Pigments

Iron oxide pigments found in archaeological context constitute an important source of information for the understanding of cultural and subsistence activities of ancient human cultures. In order to complete archaeological contextual information, many analytical methods have been applied to characterise pigments and to provide further information on this material (<em>e.g.</em> supplies, selections, mechanical or physical transformations of raw material, use and application processes). Several studies have demonstrated that the elemental composition of iron oxide pigments can be used to discriminate between several geological provenances. In this study, non-destructive micro-particle induced Xray emission analysis was applied in order to distinguish different kinds of reddish pigments from the prehistoric site of Abri Pataud, more especially from the Layer 2 attributed to Final Gravettian period (22,000 BP). By using an external beam, this technique required no sampling, and enabled us to perform localised analyses directly on raw material, on ochre residues applied on artefacts or on fragments of the wall of this rock-shelter. The results obtained by this technique demonstrate that the pigments covering the decorated fragments of the rock-shelter wall, found during the excavation of the Layer 2, have elemental compositions similar to the composition of a raw pigment found in the same layer. These results suggest that the shelter was decorated during the Final Gravettian period and thus provide new insights for the understanding of the archaeological context of this occupation layer.

Variations in Subsistence Activities of Female and Male Pongids: New Perspectives on the Origins of Hominid Labor Division [and Comments]

1981 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geza Teleki ◽  
Anthony M. Coelho, ◽  
Robert B. Eckhardt ◽  
John G. Fleagle ◽  
C. M. Hladik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Division ◽  
Subsistence Activities

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Nicoli Nattrass ◽  
Jeremy Seekings
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Surplus Labour ◽  
Wage Increases ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Subsistence Activities ◽  
Intensive Development

In this introduction to our book, Inclusive Dualism, we revisit W. Arthur Lewis’s famous model of development with surplus labour. Lewis emphasized the benefits of dualism, by which he meant economic differentiation and the coexistence of sectors (and of firms within sectors) characterized by different levels of productivity and wages. He proposed an expansion of relatively low-wage, labour-intensive jobs that would raise productivity by drawing ‘surplus’ labour out of subsistence activities. When such surplus labour dried up, wages would rise. In contrast to Lewis, post-2000 advocates of decent work fundamentalism promote wage increases as an instrument to increase labour productivity irrespective of labour market conditions. In the presence of surplus labour, this can have dystopic consequences, as the South African case shows. In South Africa, with its very high unemployment rates, strategies to promote relatively high-wage, high-productivity jobs came at the cost of labour-intensive development and even job destruction, thereby exacerbating poverty and inequality.

THE “LAND OF FISH”: RECONSTRUCTING THE ANCIENT AQUATIC LIFEWAY IN MICHOACÁN, WESTERN MEXICO

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Eduardo Williams
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Subsistence Strategies ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Lake Patzcuaro Basin ◽  
Subsistence Activities ◽  
Aquatic Landscapes ◽  
Written Sources

Abstract This article deals with the cultural activities linked to subsistence in aquatic environments (fishing, hunting, gathering, and manufacture) in Michoacán from ca. a.d. 1540 to the present. First, I present an ethnohistorical account of aquatic landscapes and resources based on the major written sources from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Second, I discuss the extant ethnographic information about subsistence activities in the Lake Pátzcuaro Basin (Michoacán) during the twentieth century. Finally, I discuss the archaeological implications of all the information presented here, through an ethnoarchaeological analysis of the subsistence strategies and the material culture associated with the aquatic lifeway in the study area. The main goal of this study is to provide bridging arguments for the reconstruction and interpretation (through analogy) of the archaeological assemblages associated with production and consumption activities in aquatic landscapes within the Tarascan region and elsewhere in Mesoamerica.

Early Paleo-Indian Foragers of Midcontinental North America

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley T. Lepper
Keyword(s):  
Game Species ◽  
East Central ◽  
Appalachian Plateau ◽  
Indian Land ◽  
Functional Attributes ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fluted Points ◽  
Subsistence Activities ◽  
Dense Concentration

A survey of private and public collections produced information on 410 fluted point yielding localities within a single county in east central Ohio. Analysis of techno-functional attributes of the fluted points resulted in the definition of four general settlement types including large and small workshop/occupations, chert processing loci, and food procurement/processing loci. The distribution of these loci in relation to various features of the local paleoenvironment suggests that Paleo-Indian bands were seasonally exploiting the diverse environments of the Appalachian Plateau. Subsistence activities appear to have focused primarily on dispersed, non-aggregated game species such as white-tailed deer. The dense concentration of fluted points here may simply reflect the high redundancy in the Paleo-Indian land use system in areas with limited loci of availability for critical chert resources.

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