The Impact of Instructional Design: Questions of Conscience

Author(s):  
J. Michael Spector
Author(s):  
Bethany Simunich ◽  
Amy M. Grincewicz

This chapter explores the impact of cultural identity on social presence in online courses, as well as culturally-responsive instructional design frameworks that work to increase social presence and reduce distance for culturally diverse online learners. Social presence, which is a student's sense of being and belonging in a course, is naturally reduced in the online environment. Cultural differences, such as language, context, communication styles, etc., have been shown to further reduce a student's sense of belonging and increase feelings of isolation. Instructors, as course designers and facilitators, must understand the impact of culture on their students' sense of social presence, and use culturally-responsive instructional design strategies and methods to provide an inclusive, flexible, online learning environment.


Author(s):  
Maura Cerioli ◽  
Marina Ribaudo ◽  
Marina Rui

The last two decades have seen the spread of LMS among schools, universities, and companies to augment the traditional teaching process with ICT and network technologies. This chapter presents the process leading to the adoption of a Moodle based LMS at the University of Genova in the last decade. By analyzing the data collected from the LMS logs and from questionnaires proposed both to students and teachers, we found out that the needs of the stakeholders are largely limited to resource sharing and organizational support, satisfactorily provided by the current service. Further improvements could be achieved by the introduction of a policy encouraging or forcing the teachers to use the provided LMS. A project on instructional design and, as a case study, the evolution of some of the courses involved in it are also presented. Though the redesign of such courses has improved their results, the impact on the overall organization of the degree program has been negative. We infer that this is due to the excessive freedom the students enjoy in taking their exams in Italy.


Author(s):  
Dawn DiPeri ◽  
Marlena Daryousef ◽  
Darrell Norman Burrell

The impact of COVID-19 has put immediate stress on institutions of higher learning to properly and successfully migrate their traditional face to face courses to fully online. There are several components to be considered in the rapid migration of courses online including the management and support of teaching faculty which includes instructional design and training support. Faculty are under extreme stress preparing for multiple modalities but some of the practices put into place over Spring are important as we move forward in the quest for high-quality online migration of land-based courses. This study seeks to explore strategies needed by higher education administrators to successfully migrate face to face teams to fully online ones and the components of helping to support the development of online courses from face to face in a short timeframe. The study investigates management theory, instructional design theory, and the perspectives of 12 administrators tasked with supporting the rapid migration of online instruction.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
Selin Tuysuzoglu Sagalowsky ◽  
Kimball A Prentiss ◽  
Robert J Vinci

IntroductionRepetitive paediatric simulation (scenario-debrief-scenario; RPS) is an instructional design that allows immediate application of learner-directed feedback, in contrast to standard simulation (scenario-debrief; STN). Our aim was to examine the impact of RPS embedded within a paediatric resident simulation curriculum, comparing it to STN.MethodsIn this prospective educational cohort study, paediatric residents were enrolled in STN (n=18) or RPS (n=15) groups from August 2012 through June 2013. Each group performed an initial high-fidelity simulation and another after 1–2 weeks. Attitudes, confidence and knowledge were assessed using anonymous surveys with each scenario and at 4–6 months. Skills were assessed in real time with a modified Tool for Resuscitation Assessment Using Computerised Simulation (TRACS). Two blinded reviewers assessed a subset of videotaped scenarios for TRACS inter-rater reliability.ResultsBoth STN and RPS designs were rated highly. The curriculum led to significant short-term and long-term improvements in confidence, knowledge and performance, with no significant differences between groups. All final respondents reported that they would prefer RPS to STN (n=6 STN, 4 RPS). TRACS intraclass correlation was 0.87 among all reviewers.ConclusionsPaediatric residents reported preference for RPS over STN, with comparable impacts on confidence, knowledge and performance. The modified TRACS was a reliable tool to assess individual resident performance. Further research is needed to determine whether RPS is a more effective instructional design for teaching resuscitation skills to paediatric residents.


Author(s):  
Nurbiha A Shukor ◽  
Zaleha Abdullah

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) allows teaching and learning for everyone. This means that people from any learning background can join any of the courses offered through MOOC platforms. Although learning materials are offered for free, learning retention and learning engagement were found to be consistently low alt-hough some MOOC are offered by well-known instructors. Many recent studies tried to understand the suitable instructional design in MOOC to improve learning en-gagement and retention. This study is an exploratory study to evaluate the potential of using learning analytics to improve instructional design in MOOC. Data were col-lected from a MOOC offered for two consequent years in a public university in Ma-laysia. The impact of learning analytics on MOOC instructional design was also dis-cussed.


Author(s):  
Lesley S. J. Farmer

Informatics, particularly as applied to K12 settings, has received little systematic attention worldwide, although the field itself is growing due to the impact of technology and information advances. Too often, informatics has been approached as a tool-based skill rather than an academic domain with theoretical underpinnings. Content knowledge, technological knowledge, and pedagogical knowledge are required for success. School librarians can serve as expert partners in these endeavors. They have more knowledge and experience with informatics than anyone else in the setting, they can select and incorporate informational and technological resources and learning activities that are developmentally appropriate and relevant for students, they know how to manage knowledge effectively, and they know how to collaborate effectively with the rest of the school community in order to optimize curriculum development, instructional design, and delivery.


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