The Human Periapical Cyst-Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hPCy-MSCs): The New Challenge of “Waste Medicine” in Regenerative Dentistry

2017 ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Marrelli ◽  
Francesco Paduano ◽  
Carlo Rengo ◽  
Gianrico Spagnuolo ◽  
Sandro Rengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Periapical Cyst

scholarly journals Human Periapical Cyst-Derived Stem Cells Can Be A Smart “Lab-on-A-Cell” to Investigate Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Related Alteration of the Exosomes’ Content

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatullo ◽  
Codispoti ◽  
Spagnuolo ◽  
Zavan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cell Aging ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Periapical Cyst

Promising researches have demonstrated that the alteration of biological rhythms may be consistently linked to neurodegenerative pathologies. Parkinson’s disease (PD) has a multifactorial pathogenesis, involving both genetic and environmental and/or molecular co-factors. Generally, heterogeneous alterations in circadian rhythm (CR) are a typical finding in degenerative processes, such as cell aging and death. Although numerous genetic phenotypes have been discovered in the most common forms of PD, it seems that severe deficiencies in synaptic transmission and high vesicular recycling are frequently found in PD patients. Neuron-to-neuron interactions are often ensured by exosomes, a specific type of extracellular vesicle (EV). Neuron-derived exosomes may carry several active compounds, including miRNAs: Several studies have found that circulating miRNAs are closely associated with an atypical oscillation of circadian rhythm genes, and they are also involved in the regulation of clock genes, in animal models. In this context, a careful analysis of neural-differentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and the molecular and genetic characterization of their exosome content, both in healthy cells and in PD-induced cells, could be a strategic field of investigation for early diagnosis and better treatment of PD and similar neurodegenerative pathologies. A novel MSC population, called human periapical cyst–mesenchymal stem cells (hPCy–MSCs), has demonstrated that it naively expresswa the main neuronal markers, and may differentiate towards functional neurons. Therefore, hPCy–MSCs can be considered of particular interest for testing of in vitro strategies to treat neurological diseases. On the other hand, the limitations of using stem cells is an issue that leads researchers to perform experimental studies on the exosomes released by MCSs. Human periapical cyst-derived mesenkymal stem cells can be a smart “lab-on-a-cell” to investigate neurodegenerative diseases and the related exosomes’ content alteration.

Cobalt (II) Chloride in Enhancing Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α Expression of Gingival Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 2639-2642
Author(s):  
Alexander P. Nugraha ◽  
Igo S. Ihsan ◽  
Aristika Dinaryanti ◽  
Eryk Hendrianto ◽  
Helen Susilowati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Final Concentration ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1Α ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hypoxia Preconditioning

Despite gingival derived mesenchymal stem cells (GDMSCs) are unique and have numerous advantages for regenerative dentistry, the hypoxia preconditioning of GDMSCs may be essential prior to the transplantation. The aim of this study is to examine whether CoCl2 can enhance HIF-1α in GDMSCs in vitro. GDMSCs of Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were obtained from laboratory stock. The sample for this study was randomly selected and divided into 4 groups; GDMSC normoxia (24 hours and 48 hours) groups and GDMSC hypoxia (24 hours and 48 hours) groups respectively (N=20/n=5). To stimulate the hypoxia condition, the final concentration of 100μM Cobalt (II) Chloride (CoCl2) was used in this study. The examination of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) stimulated with CoCl2 in the GDMSCs utilized immunocytochemistry methods with Fluorescein isothiocyanate antibody labelling. The Tukey Honest Significant Different (HSD) test was conducted to compare the significant difference in HIF-1α expression between groups (p<0.01). The greatest expression of HIF-1α is found in GDMSCs treated with CoCl2 for 24 hours. There was significant difference in HIF-1α expression between GMSCs normoxia (24 hours and 48 hours) and GMSCs hypoxia of 24 hours groups but not 48 hours group (p<0.01). CoCl2 can enhance significantly HIF-1α expression of GDMSCs for 24 hours in vitro.

scholarly journals Management of Endodontic and Periodontal Lesions: the Role of Regenerative Dentistry and Biomaterials

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Marco Tatullo ◽  
Francesco Riccitiello ◽  
Sandro Rengo ◽  
Benedetta Marrelli ◽  
Rosa Valletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Strategic Role

Regenerative dentistry represents a novel interdisciplinary approach involving biomaterials, several molecules and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), preferably derived from oral tissues. The pivotal role of MSCs depends on the fact that they can differentiate into different cell lineages and have the strategic role to release bioactive substances that stimulate the renewal and regeneration of damaged tissues. The role of regenerative dentistry is promising in all the branches of dentistry: the most intriguing application is related to the management of endodontic and periodontal defects, overcoming the surgical approach and the implantology as a consequence of a poorly efficient therapeutic plan.

scholarly journals The potential of enriched mesenchymal stem cells with neural crest cell phenotypes as a cell source for regenerative dentistry

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunimichi Niibe ◽  
Maolin Zhang ◽  
Kosuke Nakazawa ◽  
Satoru Morikawa ◽  
Taneaki Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Phenotypes ◽  
Crest Cell

Inflammatory Cytokines and Biodegradable Scaffolds in Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells Priming

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Kanjevac ◽  
Collin Gustafson ◽  
Ana Ivanovska ◽  
Francesca Ravanetti ◽  
Antonio Cacchioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Microenvironment ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Biomaterial Scaffolds ◽  
Regenerate Tissue

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with wide-ranging clinical applications due to their ability to regenerate tissue from mesenchymal origin and their capability of suppressing immune responses, thus reducing the likelihood of graft versus host disease after transplantation. MSCs can be isolated from a variety of sources including bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, and immature teeth. Dental stem cells (DSCs) possess progenitor and immunomodulatory abilities as the other MSC types and because they can be easily isolated, are considered as attractive therapeutic agents in regenerative dentistry. Recently, it has been shown that DSCs seeded onto newly developed synthetic biomaterial scaffolds have retained their potential for proliferation and at the same time have enhanced capabilities for differentiation and immunosuppression. The scaffolds are becoming more efficient at MSC priming as researchers learn how short peptide sequences alter the adhesive and proliferative capabilities of the scaffolds by stimulating or inhibiting classical osteogenic pathways. New findings on how to modulate the inflammatory microenvironment, which can prime DSCs for differentiation, combined with the use of next generation scaffolds may significantly improve their therapeutic potential. In this review, we summarize current findings regarding DSCs as a potential regenerative therapy, including stem cell priming with inflammatory cytokines, types of scaffolds currently being explored and the modulation of scaffolds to regulate immune response and promote growth.

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