The Case of EDUCO: Political-Economic Constraints and Organizational Dynamics

2018 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
D. Brent Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Dynamics ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Political Economic

scholarly journals Transnational Support for Urban Climate Adaptation: Emerging Forms of Agency and Dependency

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Institutional Culture ◽  
External Support ◽  
Political Agency ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Transnational Actors ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Political Economic

Transnational actors are critical for financing programs and generating awareness around climate change adaptation in cities. However, it is unclear whether transnational support actually enables more authority over adaptation actions and whether outcomes address wide-ranging development needs. In this article, I compare experiences from three cities in India—Surat, Indore, and Bhubaneswar—and link local political agency over adaptation with their supporting transnational funders. I find that adaptation governance involves powers of agency over directing bureaucratic practices, public finance, spatial strategies, and institutional culture. A city’s ability to exert these powers then yields different patterns of adaptation. However, political agency is circumscribed by a combination of historical political economic constraints and emerging transnational resources that promote specific forms of political meaning and procedures. The presence of external support therefore paradoxically constrains the governance autonomy of cities. This opens up new opportunities for development dependency—that is, ones that mirror neoliberal critiques of foreign aid—within the global marketplace for climate finance.

Reforming the EU Budget: Reconciling Needs with Political‐Economic Constraints

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Heinemann ◽  
Philipp Mohl ◽  
Steffen Osterloh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Eu

Economie Action and Buddhist Morality in a Thai Village

1983 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Keyes
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Theravada Buddhism ◽  
Agricultural Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rational Calculation ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Central Thailand

Although the Thai-Lao peasants living in rain-fed agricultural communities in northeastern Thailand have experienced some improvements in their socioeconomic situation as a consequence of the growth of the Thai economy since the mid-1950s, these peasants still constitute the poorest sector of the population of Thailand. Moreover, the socioeconomic position of the rural northeastern Thai populace has actually declined relative to that of the urban populace and that of the rural populace living in central Thailand. The economic disadvantageous position of Thai-Lao peasants is linked with a sense of being an ethnoregional minority within a polity that has been highly centralized since reforms instituted at the end of the nineteenth century. Much of the social action of Thai-Lao peasants with reference to the political-economic constraints on their world can be understood, as long-term research in one community reveals, as having been impelled by rational calculation aimed at improving the well being of peasant families. The ways in which peasants have assessed in practice the justice of these constraints as well as the ways in which they have assessed the limits to entrepreneurship must be seen, however, as being rooted in moral premises that Thai-Lao villagers have appropriated from Theravada Buddhism as known to them in their popular culture.

EU-Kohäsionspolitik: Finanzielle Fehlanreize und die Suche nach dem europäischen Mehrwert

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Heinemann
Keyword(s):  
Added Value ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Comprehensive Reform ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Regional Programs ◽  
Reform Needs ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThis article analyzes both, the reform needs and reform obstacles of EU cohesion spending. Although the empirical evidence is unable to substantiate an European added value, structural funds continue to absorb an increasing amount of resources. The analysis reveals several shortcomings of this policy: First, EU regional programs have neglected institutional constraints on the side of recipient countries and regions. Second, an inflation of policy objectives makes a clear performance measurement increasingly impossible. And third, through the inclusion of rich regions into its programs, cohesion spending has lost its focus. To tackle these shortcomings, a comprehensive reform package is recommended which includes new incentives on the financing side of the EU budget. Only increasing regional co-financing or other financing innovations can reduce disincentives from common pool-financing and overcome reform resistance. Without any such financing side reforms, merely some incremental reforms are consistent with political-economic constraints.

scholarly journals Military expenditure in Greece: Security challenges and economic constraints

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Kollias ◽  
Suzanna-Maria Paleologou ◽  
Andreas Stergiou
Keyword(s):  
Military Expenditure ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Eu

Against the backdrop of significant political, economic, and security-related changes that have taken place over the past two decades or so, this article examines the factors that affect military expenditure in Greece. Invariably ranked among the countries with the highest defense burden in the EU and NATO, it would appear that such budgetary outlays have mostly been driven by the ability of the economy to allocate scarce resources to national defense and less so by external security considerations.

scholarly journals Capitalism and Earth System Governance: An Ecological Marxist Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
Michael J. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Design ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Earth System Governance ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Marxist Approach ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Political Economic

Growing recognition of the Anthropocene era has led to a chorus of calls for Earth System Governance (ESG). Advocates argue that humanity’s newfound sociotechnical powers require institutional transformations at all scales of governance to wield these powers with wisdom and foresight. Critics, on the other hand, fear that these initiatives embody a technocratic impulse that aims to subject the planet to expert management without addressing the political-economic roots of the earth system crisis. This article proposes a more affirmative engagement with existing approaches to ESG while also building on these critiques. While advocates of ESG typically ignore the capitalistic roots of the earth system crisis and propose tepid reforms that risk authoritarian expressions, their critics also have yet to systematically consider the potential for more democratic and postcapitalist forms of ESG. In response, I propose an ecological Marxist approach based on a structural analysis of capitalism as the primary driver of the earth system crisis and an “ecosocialist” vision of ESG that subordinates the market to democratic planning at multiple scales. I argue that an ecological Marxist perspective is needed to foreground the structural political-economic constraints on earth system stability, though existing approaches to ESG can in turn inform ecosocialist strategies for global institutional design and democratization.

scholarly journals Whatever Happened to the Balance of Payments ‘Problem’? The Contingent (Re)Construction of British Economic Performance Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Clift ◽  
Jim Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Post War ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Political Economic

This article analyses the changing political significance of UK balance of payments assessment in the post-war era, seeking to explain its disappearance as a policy issue today. We demonstrate the historically contingent nature of balance of payments performance assessment by comparing its shifting, conjunctural, constructions, rooted in underlying political economic assumptions, across four periods in the 20th and 21st centuries. We argue that the political salience of UK balance of payments assessment is contingent upon structural changes (both ideational and material) within the global political economy and domestic politics. Changes in the prevailing policy paradigm through which balance of payments was interpreted (for example from ‘embedded liberalism’ to neo-liberalism), and redefinitions of balance of payments assessment techniques, both of which happened on numerous occasions in the post-war world, had the effect of reshaping the nature of the external international political economic constraints to which UK governments were subjected.

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